Bhuka "Magadan": yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene

Magadan Reserve yasungulwa ngo 1982. Kuhlanganisa ezihlukahlukene izakhiwo zemvelo kanye namathafa we Magadan Region. Lesi sakhiwo itholakala ogwini loLwandle Okhotsk.

inqolobane Magadansky sinetigaba eziningana zazo ngokufanele buqamama eyanele komunye nomunye. Ziyakwazi kanzima, akukho imizila yezokuthutha nemizana. Izindawo lapho ihlukaniswe Magadan Reserve zihluke kakhulu zezulu izimo, nesimo sendawo, yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene. Mayelana yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene lokhu into, sizoxoxa namuhla.

ihlathi

Isibalo esingaphezulu kwengxenye yoke imikhawulo imbozwe amahlathi. Ziyakwazi ikakhulukazi coniferous. Larch Cajander - main zinhlobo ihlathi-ukwakha. Larch - owande kakhulu ezabelweni. Bahamba abantwana abangaphezu kwesigamu salabo emahlathini. Lapha kutholakala 7 izinhlobo zamahlathi larch. Okuvame kakhulu - Elfin-moss. Akulesi amaxhaphozi saqotshwa masimu ngokwanele, loops nemithambeka. Zohlobo lwesibili asabalele lapha - is ezinwabuzelayo yemisedari. Lo mbono ngokwethembeka esiqiwini imvelo zisakazeke ngesimo isihlahla, futhi ngaphansi kombhede kwamahlathi larch. Bahamba cishe ingxenye yesithathu endaweni yamahlathi. Elfin umsedari atholakala emithambekeni yezintaba ezinde phezu nasemahlathini emngceleni larch. Intaba emathafeni futhi loaches kukhona ngisho ephakeme. Nemihosha nemifula, lapho kungekho Iqhwa, ngivuka ibhande ihlathi. band wabo ithele ngokwengeziwe, ebanzi kuka wamanzi abalulekile. ingxenye yazo lapho chosenia futhi Poplar, Alder futhi omnyezane kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it has ukujula enkulu nokwehluka izinhlangano isitshalo.

Ngenxa Talik underflow emifuleni emikhulu yakha izigodi relict Poplar-Chosenia ihlathi. zohlobo ngokuyinhloko chosenia krupnocheshuychataya futhi Poplar elimnandi. Ihlangana Betula platyphylla futhi larch, okuyinto ukufinyelela kulezi zindawo umkhiqizo esiphezulu. Nazi ezinye isihlahla willow. Reserve, naphezu amanzi ohlelweni evuthiwe, lezi emahlathini amancane ngosayizi. Kamennoberezniki, Alder, beloberezniki ezivamile elinganiselwe. endaweni Iningi ezincane kuyinto amahlathi, ezimila aspen futhi sonwele laseSiberia.

esinindolweni

Ngokuphathelene esinindolweni, izingxenye zalo eziyinhloko: Alder, Elfin, ryabinolistny Fieldfare, cherry Asian, Honeysuckle ezidliwayo, spirea, loosestrife onsomi noSteven, futhi shilovniki tupoushkovy echinated birch Middendorf. I eziyizitezi ongaphansi ka nezihlahla ubuswa ezinwabuzelayo rosemary, cranberry, Shiksha ngithanda abesilisa nabesifazane, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Isihlanganisi moss-ulele ubuswa tinhlobo letehlukene moss green, moss sfangovye kwenzeka kahle akhanywa izindawo.

Izici reserve izindawo

Esibonisa Magadan Reserve ngokuya zayo, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi zonation mpo izimila kuvamile kubo. It kubonakala ngokucacile kakhulu endaweni Olsk lapho eziningi ezintabeni. He is aseningizimu kakhulu. Le ndawo abe nesithakazelo esikhethekile. bekhwela izintaba kanye sezulu zasolwandle ukuchaza ubunjalo izimila zendawo. On endaweni Olsk (Magadan Reserve) Larch lingekho, kodwa izindawo eziningi embozwe amahlozi zikaphayini yemifino. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emathafeni entabeni futhi hlala endaweni enkulu. On emaceleni ale ntaba sikhule kamennoberezniki ahlanzekile. Poplar-Chosenia amahlathi atholakala ezigodini emfuleni, encane elinganiselwa ku. Esikhathini sifinyelela eliphezulu, lapho esikhundleni amahlozi abangenakudlula yemisedari Elfin futhi Alder. I floodplains kukhona zakustarennye ezivamile futhi yinde forb-utshani izimfunda. Yamskoe namahlathi (yezwekazi ingxenye yalo) kufaka ukusatshalaliswa isikhala fir laseSiberia. Lezi zitshalo kukhona esifuze esiqiwini we yaseMagadana Magadan Region. izitshalo sonwele Pure hhayi kwakhiwa. Kwenzeka njengengxenye uzamcolo listvennichkov ethafeni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi Poplar-Chosenia amahlathi.

Siphendukela izici izilwane abahlala Magadan Reserve. Izithombe yazo prestavleny ngezansi.

ezincelisayo eliwumhlaba

Of Chipmunk ezincelisayo ezivamile kungase kuqashelwe, vole obomvu, hare pika, impungushe, Ibhere elinsundu, Ermine, Sable, mink. Elk kulezi zindawo futhi mningi. Imihlobo ezihlala kuzo zonke izindawo, kodwa ukuthi ukuminyana zokuhlala kancane, kuthiwa flying squirrel, ezivamile squirrel, uchakide, vole, Wolverine. Ngazo zonke amasayithi, ngaphezu kwalokho, saphawula izindlela lynx yase e Magadan Reserve. Lezi zilwane basonta kwelinye ezisengozini yokuqothulwa kakhulu esiqiwini. Lynx (ngenhla) itholakala ezindaweni ihlathi. Ngenxa noboya ezibizayo woqobo isilwane ngaphambi kokudalwa isihloko reserve ashushiswe.

Ukuze eziningana zezinto eziphilayo kunesidingo sokuba khona izimo zitholakala kuphela ezindaweni ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo, nemithambeka angasogwini nasemaxhaphozini Yamskogo Ola - endaweni kuphela esiqiwini nemvelo, ekhaya ukuze marmot black eneziqongo. Izilwane ezifana impisi, ukhuni lemming, reindeer futhi must-rat atholakala kuphela Seymchanskom futhi Cava Chelomdzhinskom indawo. Kuphela wokugcina obhalisiwe Asian ukhuni igundane Shrew neMpumalanga Ekude.

Red-grey futhi red-wasekela vole, Chipmunk, vole nezinkuni lemming - abakhileyo ehlathini nezilwane ukuthi kuyizinto lonke we Magadan Region. Omunye ezingavamile kakhulu emhlabeni namagundane iyona Amur Lemming. Kungatholakala kubhalwe kuphela empumalanga yeSiberia.

ezincelisayo zasolwandle

Njengoba for ezincelisayo zasolwandle, uhlobo okungukuthi ezivame kakhulu kuleli Magadan Nature Reserve - kuyinto uphawu ngophawu ikhombe (ngenhla). Lesi silwane kuyiso sonke isikhathi ice-free ukhetha ukuhlala useduze nogu. Ilungiselela ezifakwa at ongaphakeme tide ihlezi esephimisela enamadwala noma udalula ebhange. Akiba, noma uphawu ringed itholakala ngokuyinhloko ezingasogwini, inhlonhlo ye-Kony. uphawu Kunesilevu noma ulwandle hare akuve kuvamile ukuba amanzi esiqiwini. Uvame wathola singly, eduze nogu. On Matykil esiqhingini (Iamskoy iphathelene iziqhingi) has kuphela aggregations yayo enkulu, ehlanganisa abantu mayelana 60. Kukhona futhi kuyinto eyodwa yaseMagadana reserve rookery of sea izingonyama. Bona ukushiya rookery lokhu kuwa, ngokuya ezindaweni abangazazi ukuthi kukhona eningizimu olwengeziwe. Khona-ke, entwasahlobo, bona avele lapha ukuzala.

imikhomo

Umkhoma ezivamile ophila amanzi esiqiwini, kuyinto whale killer. Kuyinto eziningi kakhulu emhlabeni nhlonhlo Kony. OLwandle Okhotsk, ngaphesheya enyakatho ingxenye uhlalwe idenge lenkangala elimile afabana noma minke whale. Yena ivamile ezindaweni ezisogwini kanye engajulile. Summer minke ngokuvamile sicishe sibe nhlonhlo Kony.

Ingabe ezingavamile kakhulu esiqiwini grey whale. Esikwaziyo mayelana emihlanganweni embalwa naye ngesikhathi khona thina reserve nesithakazelo. Ngezinye izikhathi, emanzini asogwini ngengozi porpoises, beluga, lionfish.

amphibia

Siyaqhubeka ukukhuluma mayelana nezilwane bento ezifana inqolobane uhlobo yaseMagadana. Incazelo izilwane zasemhlabeni ophilayo lapha Akuthathanga sikhathi. Bahlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela. Omele salamanders iyona intulo eSiberia futhi frog laseSiberia - waphansi. intulo laseSiberia (ngenhla) uhlala kuzo zonke izindawo Magadan Reserve. frog laseSiberia wathola imiphakathi wahlukana. Kungatholakala kubhalwe esiqiwini kuphela imicengezi emifuleni Tauy, Kolyma, Yama, Cava.

inhlanzi

Phakathi izinhlanzi ezifudukayo kukhona kwezinhlobo ezivamile - chum, salmon pink, coho salmon. Babeyivakashela ngankathi zenzeka sockeye futhi Chinook salmon. On emifuleni kanye Chelomdzha Pit elise zidala zemvelo salmon, endaweni lapho kubhekwa kwekulu oLwandle Okhotsk. Esikhathini emifuleni ngobukhulu endaweni esiqiwini (Cava, Yama, Chelomdzha) kukhona trout eziningi ensundu, Isakare, Grayling. Kugcine - Abakhe ezivame kakhulu imifula Magadan Reserve. Malm kubuye omunye eziningi kakhulu.

izinyoni

Ngokuphathelene avifauna, kuba akuhlukile sici Okhotsk-Kolyma esifundeni. Ngezinye esiqiwini ungathola abamele amaqembu 13 ezihlala enyakatho-mpumalanga yeRussia. Ngo Tauiskaya elisezansi lapho Cava Chemlomdzhinsky ingxenye nge sebuningini oxbow Thermokarst namachibi ezinye ezinkulu izinqolobane Waterfowl. Lapha isidleke ehlathini emabhontjisi ihansi, nefukezi-shouter, Teal (Garganey futhi Teal), pintail, wigeon, Mallard, shoveler, mergansers esikhulu naphakathi. Ejwayelekile kwezinhlobo laseSiberia empumalanga (whale, iBaikal Teal, duck harlequin futhi American black scoter) bhunga nezilwane Waterfowl eMpumalanga Ekude ukunambitheka. Ezigodini emifula Avame ukutholakala capercaillie, ptarmigan, grouse.

Ukuvikelwa Waterfowl

Okubekiwe we Magadan esifundeni abaluleke kakhulu ukuze kuvikeleke ukwehluka yemvelo. Ikakhulukazi, Magadan ifeza indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni imihlambi Waterfowl adabule endaweni yayo ukuthi. Iqiniso lokuthi wonke amasayithi zitholakala kwi main nemizila yokubuka izinyoni ukufuduka. Ngaphambi kwakukhona indlu engcwele, ukusuthisa izindawo futhi izikole abafundi abaphumelela ngayo olwenziwa ukuzingela olunzulu. Badabula leyo ndawo elalihlala State Yemvelo Reserve "Magadan", ayahamba yingxenye ebalulekile ahlanzekile agcwele izinhlanzi namahansi, goose, kanye nezinye izinhlobo amadada ezihlala kude lé enyakatho-mpumalanga yezwe.