Le nganekwane we yamaShayina yasendulo ithi izinyembezi uthando amantombazane achithwa emhlabathini, yaphenduka imbali enhle, uyini Begonia. izitshalo Homeland akuqinisekwa ngakho.
Ogama lakhe behlonipha umngane
akhawunti ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane zilwane ngoba zezitshalo emndenini begonias emndenini igama elifanayo. Ngoba kuqala isitshalo isikhathi esachazwa waseFrance (sezitshalo kanye indela) Sh plumes e ezikude 1687, okuyinto behlonipha umngane M. Begona, umbusi Haiti, ebizwa ngokuthi Begonia imbali. izitshalo Homeland - the ezishisayo nakwezifudumele zone ezindawo ka wonke, i-Ningizimu Melika, izifunda entshonalanga ye-Afrika, e-Asia (Eastern zaseHimalaya, izindawo ezisezintabeni futhi eningizimu yeNdiya, naseCeylon kanye Malay Archipelago). Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi e-Australia ngo-isimo zemvelo, naphezu ukusondela Malaysia, Begonia ayibi.
Ucwaningo isungule nokuzwelana Afrika nezinhlobo American izitshalo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi e-Afrika iyona eziningana zezinto eziphilayo ezikhulayo lapha kuyo indawo kuphela ingeyesithathu emhlabeni, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kuvela leli zwekazi amazwekazi ukusabalala Begonia. izitshalo Homeland domesticated zilwane, cishe - ezindaweni kwendawo yemvelo. Mkhulu ukuvela hybrid Begonia tuberous kungokwalabo Belgium.
ongakhetha ngeengaba
Common ngezigaba Botanical amafomu ezihlukahlukene Begoniaceae umndeni zisuke zisekhona. Emvelweni, lesi sihlahla, yimani niqonde futhi ukukhuphuka, utshani kanye nobhasikidi isitshalo. Begonia ekhaya - ukuhlukahluka efanayo amafomu. Ngo izinhlobonhlobo yokuqala kutshalwa zihlukaniswe isilinganiselo lezihlahla Ornamental kanye zokuhlobisa futhi zezimbali. Okuvame kakhulu begonias zezimbali. Kodwa eshiya ubuhle mesmerizing uthola abalandeli bayo. Ngo floriculture yasekhaya labetibambile ezivamile division ezimbizeni begonias ku tuberous nezihlahla.
Ikhaya Begonia tuber
The main uphawu kwangaphandle kanye Inzuzo enkulu yalo begonias ukubukeka imfashini kunazo - okunethezeka kakhulu izimbali elula double. Yazisa izitshalo, oyimbangi ngesimo rose, peonies, carnations. Esinye isici kufihliwe enhlabathini yayo - esigaxeni tuberous. Kwakubonakala hhayi kudala (1870) Begonia tuber. izitshalo Homeland ukuthi polugibrida noma hybrid - Belgium. UMdali, owaklama waveza indlela yezinye abalimi begonievedam kwaba Louis Van Gutt, ngekubambisana ne imvelo wadala zilwane terry kuqala.
Elikhulu-grade
Hybrid begonias Iqembu Race Elatior Rieger amelana ukuhlaselwa ukukhunta kanye short-suku - nje usuku lwamahora angama-9 sokuthuthukiswa axillary efihlekile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezifana: Kyoto (Begonia ezimhlophe, aphakathi nendawo, izimbali ezinkulu double), uLouise (ukhilimu ukukhanya nge rose, ubude).
Iqembu Race Gloire ukuba Lauren uchaza compactness izitshalo efanele namahlamvu amancane ezihlukahlukene elinomusa imibala. izinhlobonhlobo eyaziwayo pink izimbali: Caroline, Marina, Egers Favorit, Imbangi, Rosemary.
Polugibridnye begonias kukhona ezihlukahlukene ezahlukene imibala, kungaba amafomu alula, lulwimi double futhi terry. Ngezinye izikhathi phezu isitshalo efanayo kukhona izimbali elula double. Igama ethandwa we Begonia - Ivan da Marya (Fluffy - wesilisa ovamile - izimbali female). usayizi yabo kungaba esikhulu (kufika ku-20 cm ububanzi), large- (8 kuya ku-10 cm ububanzi), polyanthous (3 kuya 5 cm). Ukwabela rozovidnye, Peony-, nartsissovidnye nezinye izinhlobo. Iningi izinhlobo ezinkulu-eyaziwa: Dark Red (obomvu amnyama), Orange (coloration zibukeke kuqinisekisa igama), Rose (pink), Scarlett (pink-bomvu), Yellow (Yellow), White (mbala omhlophe). grade Polyanthous - Dark Skarlett (pink amnyama).
Indlela yokutshala Begonia
Izitshalo ezivela imbewu, nezilimo eziyizigaxa kanye cuttings (leaf noma stem izingcezu). Imbewu mancane kakhulu, ukuhlwanyela nabo ngaphandle uphawu, izithombo kufanele ulinde ngenyanga noma ezimbili, dive okungenani kabili, izinga lokushisa wazifunela ukuhluma - mayelana 25 degrees. I nezilimo eziyizigaxa zingahlukaniswa, kodwa ukuze abone inzalo ka ithuluzi kanye substrate, a imbobo fresh kudingekile ukuba agcobhoze phakathi ocushiwe carbon powder.
Inzalo iyadingeka ukuze esiphelweni. Leaf cuttings impande esihlabathini noma isihlabathi exutshwe moss (isilinganiso 1: 4), ngokucindezela amatshe ukuze substrate. On ucezu ishidi nisike ezindaweni veining. Cuttings kusuka stem lokuqala abhebhezela emanzini. Isimo kudingekile zonke izinhlobo ukuveza - elikhulu umswakama. inhlabathi kanye nomoya izitshalo ezomile awukwazi ukubekezelela (ungakhohlwa ezweni lawo - ezindaweni ezishisayo). Kodwa bangase ukubola uma umswakama kakhulu.
Qaphela ezinhle ngokukhukhumala kwentamo okukhanyisa (okukhanyisa esanele ukusebenzisa isibani 60 W). Kufanele njalo angabiki cuttings embozwe embizeni. Kukhona kuvinjelwe ngamanzi abandayo ukumanzisa ukwelashwa by sishaye ikhoma zobumba imbewu noma cuttings, nezilimo eziyizigaxa wangcwatshwa ukuchelela. Inhlabathi ekahle inhlanganisela Turf ishidi umhlaba, humus, Peat nesihlabathi ku isilinganiso 3: 4.1: 1.2: 1.5: 1. Peat kuyinto ikakhulukazi adingekayo ukuze Begonia tuberous. Kudinga inhlabathi asidi ku-pH 6-6.5. begonias Iningi ungathandi turning imbiza.