Plum "UNina ekuqaleni": incazelo ezihlukahlukene, ezithutha impova, ukubuyekezwa

Ayikho wensimu, okwakuyoholela ukundlula esihlahleni. Plum ayikaze zasendle, wafika njengoba hybrid blackthorn kanye cherry iplamu. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningi yalesi sihlahla, elibonisa abalimi. Abaningi babo eziqinile futhi ngokushesha ukuletha isivuno. Enye yalezi zinhlobo kubhekwa "ekuqaleni UNina."

Plum "UNina ekuqaleni": incazelo ezihlukahlukene

Lokhu ezihlukahlukene kwaba umphumela uxhumano "Eurasia 21" nge "iVolga ubuhle 'futhi' dessert ebomvu." Ngo-1988, i-ezihlukahlukene isifakiwe ku-Register State. Kuze kube manje kumbhalisi kubika 230 kuphela izinhlobonhlobo iplamu izihlahla.

Plum "UNina ekuqaleni" ubhekwa izinhlobo zakuqala-ukukhula. izithelo elikhulu eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uvuthwe phakathi no-July.

Izimpawu plums kuleli kilasi:

1. Umuthi ine ukukhula isilinganiso nomqhele eyindilinga, akuyona obukhulu kakhulu. Umbala Kuphendula - Okunsundu. Ukuphakama iplamu "UNina ekuqaleni" - kuze kufinyelele 3 metres.
2. Amahlamvu zinkulu, okweqanda, umbala ocebile oluhlaza, flat.
3. izimbali White yobukhulu medium, stamens Ngamafuphi, pistil yinde.
4. Izithelo zinkulu ezijulile umbala onsomi ne surface waxy kanye umphetho ezijulile.
5. Izithelo uginindela kuyinto inhlaka, ukunambitheka elimnandi, ne-asidi kancane.
6. Izithelo avele 3-4 iminyaka, isivuno kuphezulu - 15 kg isihlahla ngasinye. Njalo ngonyaka isivuno iyakhula. Izithelo asetshenziselwa amalunga.

Lezi izimfanelo eziyinhloko kanye nencazelo izinhlobonhlobo iplamu "komfula ekuseni."

izinzuzo grade

Izinzuzo Plum "komfula ekuqaleni":

• Iletha izithelo ezinkulu enesisindo 50-60 amagremu;
• hardiness waseMoscow futhi eRussia emaphakathi kanye ngumuthi, nezinso;
• izithelo ngokulinganayo basakaza phezu kwesihlahla;
• ukumelana nezifo;
• izithelo i ukunambitheka omuhle sweet and omuncu;
• cwenga kahle iya workpiece njengoba ithambo kungenziwa ahlukaniswe kalula.

izithelo kuvuna kuthiwa zithutha kahle, abonise okusezingeni eliphezulu ukugcinwa izinga, uma iphuzwe izinsuku ezingu 5-6 ngaphambi yokuvuthwa.

kokwehla

Plum - isihlahla linesizotha. Noma kunjalo, ochwepheshe ukweluleka ukutshala isihlahla esifundeni nokuklanywa yayo. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuba abuthe isivuno esihle esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.

Plum "UNina ekuqaleni" ukhetha indawo libalele ivulekile. Uma kukhona ngisho Ukufiphaza encane, izithelo eqala ukukhula amahlamvu engajulile kanye yellowing. Kungcono uma isayithi lokubikezela uzobe kancane aphakeme. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukukhetha indawo, ikhumbula lezi umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama.

Plum ungeme izindawo kunomoya. A whiff eqinile ingakwazi nishaye kude izimbali, futhi isivuno uzobe ziyancipha.

Kungcono ukutshala iplamu eduze kocingo noma udonga zokuhlala. Izimfunda ezingasogwini lwe-ayifanele sokutshala, khona-ke kuyoba abandayo kanye ungakhululekile.

Nenhlabathi ezifanele kakhulu kucatshangwa ukuthi loam ukukhanya futhi sandy. Kuyadingeka ukuqapha ezingeni komhlaba, akufanele kube amamitha esingaphansi kwezinsuku ezimbili ebusweni. Uma lokhu akuyona indlela yemvelo, ungakwazi ukwakha inkatho, ukuze imfucuza amanzi ngaye. Uma umtshali ukuthi owaziwayo ngebumba inhlabathi noma isihlabathi ukujula, beka echibini asifanele. Amaxhaphozi abakhwabanisi akathandi.

Plum - isihlahla srednerosloe, kokufika phakathi izithombo kubalulekile ukuba singaxoxi ibanga 4 amamitha.

Ungabeka e ekwindla kanye entwasahlobo. Pit ukulungiselela amasonto 2-3, ngakho Umanyolo kungenziwa angena enhlabathini. Ukumba emgodini cm 60 futhi ububanzi efanayo ukujula. Okokuqala, ukubala kuqhutshwa at 15 amayintshi ukusuka yisithombo.

Yini okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho ukutshala:

• batheleka emgodini inhlabathi ngaphandle umquba;
• impande entanyeni okungenani 2-5 cm kusukela emngceleni engenhla;
• kuvuleke ayesemseleni ozungeze isihlahla ukunisela.

ukunakekelwa

Ngemva betshala le yisithombo sinamanzi amaningi. On umuthi ngamunye kudingeka okungenani ezintathu amabhakede amanzi, lilingene ngobukhulu kahle umswakama.

Kungakapheli namasonto amabili, nelokuba akuyona wanisela, bese ukuphinda ukuthambisa. Uma kokwehla wenziwe entwasahlobo, futhi inhlabathi kakhulu hydrated, ukuthambisa kungenziwa kancane kwehliswa ivolumu. Amanzi ukunisela kufanele sekuqala ukufudumala elangeni noma ngenye indlela. Ukunisela abakhwabanisi amanzi abandayo akukwazi, angadala umonakalo ohlelweni impande.

Ukuze sifinyelele eliphezulu fruiting, akumelwe ukusebenzisa ukukhula amahlumela. Ngo plums ke likhula ngesivinini. Zonke amahlumela bambe. Nquma kuyize, ngoba entsha luyokhula ngokushesha. Kukhula amahlumela - lena isici zonke izihlahla zezithelo ngetshe. Kungasiza edwengula noma edonsa, nalapho lesi sihlahla isivele simile. Kungenjalo, indawo nezingozi ekubeni jungle esingaweleki.

izihlahla

Lowo muthi kumelwe njalo okuqoqiwe, kungenjalo kakhulu ukushwaqa, ulahlekelwa ezakheke ngayo futhi eliyochotshozwa amagatsha ayo. Ukwandiswa ekhelini zingayilimaza noma iyiphi imithi yezithelo. Sidinga ukususa amagatsha plums landa lisuka lateral efihlekile. Amagatsha asele bafa ukwakha ukuma oyifunayo. Ukususa izikhathi eziningana ngenyanga. Qiniseka ukususa amagatsha onesifo futhi ofile.

Ngemva kokufika endaweni elungile, kubalulekile ukuhlola isihlahla njalo ngonyaka. Kubalulekile ukulandela umqhubi isikhungo esikhathini ukwakheka umqhele. Akumele kugcwala out amahlumela side. Uma zikufice umholi, badinga ukulungiswa. Plum njalo adinga izihlahla kanye thinning, ukuze akusho jikisa isihlahla yene noma izihlahlana ofana umshanelo.

Kubalulekile ukuba singavumeli umqhele ukushwaqa, wonke amagatsha yangaphakathi salokhu cut. Ochwepheshe bathi ngaphakathi umqhele kumele kube ibanga yokuthi flying inyoni. Kulokhu, namaculo kuyoba ingasaphathwa. Thinning amagatsha izazi zezolimo namahlathi Ngincoma ukuba wenze ngonyaka kwezitshalo.

Ukuze silondoloze ubuqotho amagatsha kanye nezithelo eziyikhethelo yokwenza izipele egatsheni nge ngibopha substrate injoloba noma indwangu, ukugwema ukuhilizisana cortex.

Abalimi uzothola ke kulula unakekele izihlahla ezincane, njengoba kuqhathaniswa eliphezulu. Yebo, futhi ezithela babe compact ngenhla lapho zigezwa khona, futhi kubanda kangcono ibekezelelwe.

yokudla

Ngemva betshala kwesihlahla cha phakela iminyaka eminingi. Udinga kuphela ukuthambisa njalo okungenani kanye njalo emva kwezinsuku ezingu 7-10.

Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, umquba yilezi:

• ngoMeyi urea;
• ngo-June nitrophoska;
• ngo-Agasti superphosphate.

Izifo kanye izinambuzane

Plum "UNina ekuqaleni" ngempela amelana izifo kanye izinambuzane akuvamile usivakashele. Kodwa bafuna ukuvimbela okuvela kuyo izifo kanye izinambuzane sisenjalo namanje.

Kuyini abakhwabanisi egula? Izifo ezivame kakhulu:

1. Tillering - ukubukeka amahlumela esihle kungekho nto enemibala emihle.
2. Klyasterosporioz - ukutheleleka fungal ezaboniswa ukubukeka izindawo ezincane.
3. Moniliosis - isifo fungal, eyaziwa nangokuthi izithelo bola.
4. Gummosis - ukuvela gum phezu kwesihlahla.
5. Cherry leaf indawo - isifo fungal, wezwakalisa njengoba izindawo abomvu amaqabunga.
6. Uqweqwe - izindawo ensundu amaqabunga kanye nezithelo.
7. Rust - emincane izindawo ibuthuntu amaqabunga.

Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa izifo, kubalulekile:

• ngezikhathi nokuhlola esihlahleni ngoba izifo;
• isikhathi ukuhlanza, ashise amahlamvu;
• ukususa wokhula ensimini indulungu-isiqu;
• iplamu entwasahlobo Bordeaux liquid spray.

Plum kuthinte zilokazane:

• izithelo olwenziwa - silwanyana usayizi brown 0.5 mm;
• Aporia Crataegi - Butterfly wokukhanya okufika 7 cm ubukhulu;
• Aphid - lovamise wabingelela ngumuntu Pest, izinambuzane ezincane;
• iplamu inundu - butterfly, bawabulala izithelo;
• inundu ringed - butterfly, enoboya.

Ukuze ugweme ukubukeka izinambuzane, udinga:

• ukususa ukhula kanye amahlamvu emhlabathini;
• ekwindla bambe emhlabathini;
• ekwelapheni lime emgqonyeni;
• fafaza iplamu entwasahlobo ngezitimela ezikhethekile ezazilungiselelwe.

Lezi zinyathelo ezilula kuzosiza ukuvikela izihlahla kusuka nezilokazane isivuno esihle.

Plum "UNina ekuqaleni" bempova

Ezinye balimi abhekene yokuthi ukudedelwa ingabe akusizi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi samobesplodno esihlahleni futhi bempova ezidingekayo. Plum "UNina ekuqaleni" kuyinto samobesplodnoy. Nokho, ngisho izihlahla ezikhiqiza kakhulu anda okuzala lapho wempova. Uma omakhelwane akudingeki iplamu (nezinye izinhlobo), kumele athenge imithi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Bempova ngoba Zarechnoj iplamu izinhlobo: "luhlaka", "Tambov Nobuhle". Ukuze ngempumelelo okuhlanganisa ochwepheshe nabo belulekwa ukutshala eduze iplamu iplamu.

Indlela ukukhetha nepulamuzi zokutshala

Kukhona imithetho eyisisekelo ngokukhetha okumelwe ilandelwe:

1. Kufanele ukhethe izinhlobo ikhishwe. Lokhu izinhlobo lifakwe kwiRejista State futhi anconyelwa ezindaweni ezithize.
2. Ungakhohlwa mayelana samoplodnye. Lena kuyimfanelo ephawula ngokuzijamela izinkuni sezulu kanye izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu kwezitshalo nganoma iyiphi izimo. Plum iphathelene izitshalo cross-impova. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu elafika pistils impova evela kwezinye izihlahla. Kulokhu, it is a zavyazyvaemost ezinhle. Kodwa uma uhlangana mibandela kwelinye indawo kunzima, ungakhetha samoplodnye izinhlobonhlobo iplamu.
3. Precocity - omunye izinkomba ezibaluleke kakhulu. ERussia emaphakathi ehlobo ngokushesha luphela, ngakho izinhlobo nge nenkathi ende yokukhula ngeke ilingane. Ngu izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala ukukhula zihlanganisa "UNina ekuseni." Angakwazi liyakhula sasehlobo esifushane futhi alethe okuningi izithelo.

Amathiphu wazibonela balimi sikhule plums

Ukuqinisekisa sokusinda iplamu, udinga ukukhetha izitshalo engcono. Baye edingekayo izimpande fresh akumele ezilimele amagxolo, isiqu ngaphandle umonakalo.

Lapho ukutshala kungcono uma izinhlobo ezimbalwa luyokhula endaweni eyodwa, ngeke uvumele uMhloli Wemiqulu ukukhulisa umkhiqizo.

izihlahla njalo kuyokusiza ukwandisa umkhiqizo futhi udale nomqhele omuhle yemithi.

Plum ukuthandwa ukuthambisa njalo, ukungabi umswakama kuyingozi kanye isamba ngokweqile ke. Umswakama kungaba ihlolwe uma bambe up inhlabathi emhlabeni iplamu. Inhlabathi kumele igcinwe esemanzi okungenani 40 cm. Uma incane, plums kudingeka uthele.

Uphenyo iplamu izinhlobo "komfula ekuqaleni" omuhle kakhulu. Abalimi bathi hardiness, ekuseni ukuvuthwa izinhlobo, wenzalo kakhulu, ukunambitheka omuhle kakhulu futhi ikhwalithi isivuno. Izithelo kanye zokuhamba zonke izinhlobo ukuwafaka. Futhi ukunakekela izihlahla zalesi ezihlukahlukene ayiyona inkimbinkimbi. Lezi zimfanelo, kanye ukuntuleka ezihlukahlukene e ukudedelwa minuses okukhipha ngokuya ziphoqa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.