Basic okuxubile indlala uketshezi

Kubantu secrete wendlala yangaphakathi, yangaphandle futhi okuxubile ndlala uketshezi. By nezindlala exocrine akunakubangelwa, isibonelo, izindlala salivary, okuyinto ukukhiqiza imfihlo yabo (kuleli cala - ngamathe), okuyinto okukhipha ngokusebenzisa Amapayipi ekhethekile. Ngokuqondene endocrine nezindlala (endocrine) kuzala izinto ezithile - hormone - zikhishwa ngokuqondile egazini.

Indlala uketshezi okuxubile - lawa zokwakheka okuyinto secrete kokubili hormone kanye nezinye izinto (enzyme, ayo wokugaya ukudla, njll). Lezi zihlanganisa amanyikwe kanye ocansini nezindlala, nezinso, izindlala isisu kanye duodenum.

Kwamanyikwe - a uketshezi esikhulu indlala elixutshwe, esemgwaqweni ngemva kwesisu. Siqukethe ikhanda, umsila nomzimba.

Njengoba wazi, lesi sitho kuyingxenye isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene. Amapayipi indlala ukuvula ku le duodenum, lapho, futhi wakhulula okuthiwa juice pancreatic. Enzyme eziqukethwe juice, banesibopho ukuwohloka kwamafutha, ukudla okumahhadla nomoya-amaprotheni.

Ngokwesibonelo, Amylase pancreatic unesibopho cleavage ka dextrin nezinye carbohydrate. Amafutha sokudiliza ku amayunithi monomeric bedle lipase. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanyikwe bukhipha chymotrypsinogen futhi trypsinogen - enzyme i-cleavage wamaprotheni compounds. Kuvuselela lezi izinto kakade mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi emathunjini.

amanyikwe imfihlo iqukethe ion Bicarbonate. Ngokuyinhloko umsebenzi - okungukuthi i-neutralization of esidi chyme, okuyinto uhamba emathunjini kusukela esiswini.

Ngokuqondene uketshezi yangaphakathi, lo msebenzi wenziwa ezingxenyeni ezithile wendlala - zesiqhingi ka-Langerhans. Izinhlobo eziningana elikhethiwe amaseli:

• Beta - amaseli - banesibopho synthesis insulin;
• Alpha - amaseli - kuthiwa kwemiqondo i-hormone glucagon;
• Delta - amaseli - banesibopho ukwenziwa somatostatin;

Insulin kanye glucagon - hormone okungukuthi obhekene carbohydrate umzimba, ikakhulukazi i-glucose. Wathonywa insulini ukhulise isilinganiso ka kumiswa glycogen, okuyinto kamuva zibekwe isibindi. Glucagon, esikhundleni salokho, uba isitha - kukhuthaza izinqubo nokwahlukana glycogen namaprotheni. Kepha somatostatin, ketshezi uyakwazi ukubambezela umsebenzi kokubili glucagon futhi nge-insulini.

Female indlala zangasese - liphinde ndlala uketshezi elixutshwe. Lezi zihlanganisa ezikhiqiza amaqanda, oludlula kanye nokukhula, nokuvuthwa kanye ukukhululwa kwe amaqanda. Kodwa umsebenzi ezikhiqiza amaqanda akukhona nje ukuthi ukuzala.

The main hormone zesifazane - estrogens is (kuthiwa kwemiqondo kule follicle) kanye progesterone (ezivezwa luteum Corpus). Estrogens - iqembu izinto ngaphansi kwethonya okuyinto ukuthuthukiswa besifazane ocansini izici kanye nokukhula nokwanda indlala mammary, kwesibeletho ukukhula, sangasese, amashubhu fallopian futhi ezikhiqiza amaqanda. Siyabonga kubo, izinwele ukukhula Kwenziwa ngohlobo zesifazane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, estrogens kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe amafutha nokusakazwa kwayo wonke umzimba.

Progesterone kuveza luteum Corpus ngemva kokukhululwa kwe-neqanda elivela follicle. umsebenzi Its main - ukulungiselela kwesibeletho ngoba yenzeka umbungu, kanye ukulawula inkambo evamile yokukhulelwa. Ngesikhathi kwenziwa ingane ngaphansi kwethonya progesterone engasenamahloni nge-ovulation izinqubo.

Owesilisa ubulili ndlala - kuyinto okuxubile indlala uketshezi, okuyinto banesibopho ukwenziwa ubulili amaseli bese hormone. Ngo ukwakheka amasende, umnotho, ukuthuthukisa kanye nokuvuthwa kwesidoda.

Owesilisa ubulili hormone - androgens ke, lapho aziwa kakhulu okungukuthi testosterone. Ngaphansi kwethonya yalolu ketshezi Kwenziwa ukuthuthukiswa izici ngokobulili zamabanga aphansi naphezulu - ukukhula umthondo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, ngezwi eliphansi, bole athuthukile ezicutshini, izinwele umzimba, njll

Njengoba kuboniswe, a okuxubile indlala uketshezi kukhona ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu futhi silondoloze homeostasis.