Bandaging: amasu okubekwe ngaphezulu. patch Soft of ibhandishi

Umuntu ngamunye kudingeka azi ukuthi bandaging. Technique ephoqelela abanye sigqoka ilula futhi akudingi amakhono akhethekile. Okuningi kahle isicelo kungaba onguchwepheshe. Noma kunjalo, le mithetho jikelele inqubo ayatholakala ngamunye wethu. Ake unake kubo.

Imithetho General ephoqelela amabhandeshi

Roll ngebhandeshi ukugcina esandleni sokunene. Ukuphela ibhandishi agcinwe kule esandleni sobunxele. Ngakho kubalulekile ukuba aqiniseke ukuthi akukho izinkinga ayekwazi ukuhamba unroll phezu.

Ephoqelela ibhandishi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izandla ezimbili. Omunye isandla roll iphuma ngaphandle kokuthatha kude ebusweni umzimba, kanye nezinye ukulungiswa yena ibhandishi.

Ngo inqubo ukukhanya kusaladi zinhlobo okuyinto kuxhomeke esimweni esithile, kumelwe sibhekane isisulu. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ulawule isimo sakhe.

Amabhandeshi phansi kusukela iphuzu lapho ububanzi ebusweni umzimba kancane.

Ikhoyili lokuqala liyadingeka ukulungisa, ukwenza goba kancane ibhandishi endaweni Yaqala lapho. Phezu kwale ndawo wenze enye emazombezombe - kokungathembeki. Ngamunye emazombezombe ngebhandeshi okwalandela ukwenza phezu kwesigamu odlule.

Lapho taping phezu, ekupheleni ibhandishi badinga imbobo encane lengthwise, ukwakha izingxenye ezimbili. Yibe usubeka ibhandishi imbobo ngobunono izinyembezi, ukudala obuphelele ezimbili ezincane. Kubo uzobopha elikasofasilahlane.

Ngebhandeshi sisetshenziswa alengayo, okuvumela hhayi abaphazamisa kwegazi. Engaqinile ukuphoqelela yabo kungenzeki kakhulu, njengoba kalula kuphunyuka kusukela isilonda.

ngezigaba Jikelele kusaladi yezokwelapha

Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ngokugqoka kungaba ukopha noma ukuvimbela Ukungena ku ukutheleleka isilonda. Empeleni, injongo eyinhloko sigqoka - ukulungisa izinto ngokuba kusaladi. Ngemva sokunquma ukuthi uhlobo olunjani isilonda, kulokho ingxenye yomzimba itholakala, ukusebenzisa imithetho ethile nezindlela bandaging. Ngenxa yalezi zinjongo, esigabeni amadivaysi kubhekwe. Ngakho, ukugqoka avelele:

• e lapho uya khona (imisebenzi letisebenta amabhandeshi);
• uthayipha (izakhiwo mechanical);
• ngohlobo ezazisetshenziselwa;
• -indlela nenkanuko edlulele we sigqoka.

Ekuqaleni kumele azijwayeze ngezigaba ezihlongozwayo bese kahle ukufunda imithetho sigqoka ukugqagqana. Izinhlobo amabhandeshi ziyahlukahluka. Uma ukunameka eyodwa uyakwazi ukusingatha ngisho abafundi, ukusetshenziswa kwezinye edingekayo amakhono of onguchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe. Omunye akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi indlela yokusebenzisa amabhandeshi kuxhomeke ukulimala ethize engxenyeni ethile yomzimba womuntu.

Ukwahlukanisa injongo

Kuye ngalokho umsebenzi wenziwa ngebhandeshi yezokwelapha, kukhona izinhlobo ezilandelayo ke:

• Avikelayo (aseptic) - nokuvimbela bathelelane wamanxeba;
• izidakamizwa - ukuqinisekisa ungaphazanyiswa ukufinyelela imithi isilonda;
• hemostatic (ngokucindezela) - eyeka ukopha;
• Immobiliser - kubathene somzimba (yebo);
• nge traction - inikeza traction izinsalela;
• Oqondisa - ixazulula ukusonteka;
• occlusive - eliqinisa isilonda.

Ukuze ngokushesha ukusiza umuntu esimweni esiphuthumayo, kudingeka wazi indlela bandaging. Technique ukunqunywa kule divayisi kuzoxoxwa ngezansi.

Ukwahlukanisa uhlobo (izakhiwo mechanical)

kusaladi yezokwelapha anamuhla:

• ezithambile - asetshenziswa kabanzi ukwelapha ezihlukahlukene amanxeba;
• ngesandla esiqinile - asetshenziswa esimweni lapho ukwelashwa ukulimala noma isifo udinga ukudala umphumela baxhashazwe;
• nokunwebeka - iyithuluzi elibalulekile ekulweni ukunwetshwa ngemithambo saphenous futhi stasis emithambo yegazi;
• enemisebe - kuyinto gauze ekhethekile, lapho kukhona enamathela asebenzayo of isotopes zemvelo enemisebe.

Okuvame kakhulu amabhandeshi kanzima futhi ezithambile.

Ukwahlukanisa ngohlobo ezisetshenziswa,

Kuye ngezidingo zabo ezingokwenyama okwakwenza kusaladi lwezokwelapha, zihlukaniswe zibe:

• Gauze (lapho bintovye futhi bezbintovye);
• indwangu (nezingubo ezingamasekeni, isikhafu);
• ukotini gauze (uhala ngebhandeshi Yenziwe ucezu gauze futhi inani elincane uhala);
• Gypsum;
• lithathelwe ukwelashwa noma ezokuthutha amabhasi.

Kwezokwelapha futhi amabhandeshi avame ukusetshenziswa izinjongo ezikhethekile. Isibonelo esimangalisayo ingashiwo zinc-gelatin Unna ngebhandeshi esisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izilonda net. It libhekene izakhiwo zalo (kokucindezelwa futhi elwa namagciwane), uyakwazi ukunciphisa stasis emithambo yegazi kunomthelela ekuthuthukiseni emithambo yegazi ukugeleza kwegazi, futhi ine umphumela osmotic phezu isilonda hygroscopic.

Ukwahlukanisa indlela nenkanuko edlulele sigqoka

Banikezwe indlela ngebhandeshi yezokwelapha kungenziwa ogibele inkinga, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo amadivayisi:

1. Bezbintovye:

• ingcina - esetshenziselwa izilonda ezincane, lisetshenzisiwe okuholela endaweni ukulimaza, zilotshwe indaba sigqoka esebenzisa anamathelayo ekhethekile (collodion, kleola, plastikatnyh izinto glue BF-6) ;
• Tape - esebenziswe lapho kubalulekile ukuba abophe amanxeba amancane noma sibi ubovu imfundo;
• kosynochnye - esetshenziswa uma kunesidingo usizo lokuqala, kuba ukusetshenziswa kungenzeka ezimweni ezibucayi, ibhandishi enjalo ngokuvamile ukwenza ukuze udale immobilization yesikhashana esikhulu phezu ibhandishi zokuzivikela;
• isihlilingi - ukumela strip ngezidwedwe, dissected longitudinally enisemikhawulweni, maphakathi engasekelwa sectioned impahla (kungasetshenziswa ngebhandeshi ububanzi) lisetshenziswa izingxenye ophumile komzimba (ikhanda, isilevu, intamo, ekhaleni), lapho evamile kokungathembeki ngebhandeshi unamathele ngeke futhi ngawo-slide ngebhandeshi;
• T emise - asetshenziswa inqubo kusaladi nilimaza noma izindawo endaweni ukuxhuma, lapho kukhona ukuvuvukala;
• a ijabulise ngebhandeshi nokunwebeka - esetshenziswa lapho kudingeka silungise inxeba iyiphi ingxenye sigqoka umzimba.

2. Bintovye - ngebhandeshi ezibuthakathaka ezivela ibhandishi. Thola ukusetshenziswa e amathambo, namathambo lapho lilimele nezicubu elithambile, ukusha, frostbite, e traumatology.

ngebhandeshi Soft

Izidingo Eziyisisekelo for ngebhandeshi soft:

• ukuvala ingxenye umzimba wesiguli;
• lula;
• akufanele ziphazamisa kwegazi legazi;
• nokuhlanzeka;
• akufanele aphula ama-lymph.

Okwamanje, odokotela Ulandela izinhlobo ezithambile bintovyh kusaladi:

• isiyingi (isiyingi) - nabo njengoba ekuqaleni futhi isiphetho ngebhandeshi efanelekayo izilonda ezincane esisogwini phalanges esifundeni frontal, wesithathu engezansi umlenze, phezu izihlakala ehlombe phakathi;
• Kuvunguza - kwalolu hlobo ngebhandeshi kwenziwa engalweni, esiswini, esifubeni;
• ezinwabuzelayo (oyinyoka) - esetshenziswa uma kukhona isidingo sokuba kunakekelwe ngokwezinto evikelekile ukotini gauze pads, kanye Gypsum;
• cruciform (vosmiobraznye) - zisetshenziswa laying esifubeni, emuva, intamo;
• ufudu (convergent, etshiyeneyo) - nokubopha ngebhandishi amalunga omzimba (amadolo, indololwane), okuyinto kulolu cruciform (vosmiobraznyh) amabhandeshi;
• spike - lisetshenzisiwe ngokuhlanganyela ehlombe ekuhlonzeni zokugula yayo;
• Ibuyisa - asetshenziswe bandaging ikhanda, kwi phalanges esigungwini.
• desault amabhandeshi - asetshenziswa lapho kukhona waphuka ningukukhanya clavicle futhi humerus zisetshenziselwa vpravki ehlombe dislocated, ngaphandle kwalezi kusaladi Awukwazi ukwenza uma udinga ukulungisa ingalo namathambo emva kokuhlinzwa;
• ukwesekwa (i webele) - sisetshenziswa uma endaweni webele yayivame ukusha, izilonda, izinqubo ukuvuvukala, ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi.

ngebhandeshi Soft for izingxenye zomzimba

ukubopha ekhanda lakhe kulandela izinhlobo:

• ukubuyela (cap Hippocratic, lapho isetshenziswa esebenzisa ngebhandeshi ezimbili kabili ephethwe noma ngebhandeshi);
• isihlilingi (uma kukhona umonakalo ezincane kuya kwesilevu, esiphongweni sakhe, ekhaleni, parietal, yesikhashana futhi izifunda occipital);
• Amatomu (isekela umhlathi ongezansi);
• "Cap" (ukhululekile kakhulu ibhandishi ikhanda).

I sigqoka entanyeni kungaba lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• ingcina (kusiza ngokuqinile ihange kusaladi);
• Phillips (for kwasendaweni izilonda kwakheka engxenyeni engaphezulu kuphela yomzimba);
• isiyingi (i bandaging phansi emhlathini - ngebhandeshi enjalo ludlulele ngaphakathi ngemuva e uhlobo cruciform).

Headband entanyeni kumelwe silondoloze ubuqotho ahlanganiswe ingxenye yomzimba. Kufanele ngokuqinile ubambe sigqoka. avale ezinjalo akufanele ezitjhelelako entanyeni, ecindezela wakhe.

Esifubeni ngebhandeshi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• Kuvunguza (asetshenziswa lapho thorax abalimala ubambo eziphukile, izinqubo ukuvuvukala);
• Phillips (laying ngezihluthu esifubeni nasemhlane);
• izisekelo (oyedwa noma bobabili amabele);
• spikelike (esikhulu umcengezi lapho lilimele aphansi esiswini noma sacrum kwakhiwa izilonda, ezilimele imbilapho noma ukuxhuma);
• T-hlobo (esetshenziselwa bandaging isizalo).

esitho Upper kuhlanganisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo kusaladi:

• ukubuyela (esebenziswe lapho isilinganiso ezilimele noma ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu distal);
• spicate (i bandaging isithupha, ehlombe endaweni ngokuhlanganyela);
• "Glove" (ibhandishi esandleni sakhe, uma kube nesicelo isimiso bandaging omunye umunwe);
• "Mitten";
• Kuvunguza (elisetshenziswa ibhodi lemisindo);
• Turtle (i bandaging indololwane);
• ngebhandeshi desault (esetshenziswa uma kukhona ukwaphuka we ingqwababa).

Ukuze esitho engezansi kuhlanganisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo kusaladi:

• ubuyele (i bandaging uzwane);
• Kuvunguza (i idlulela uzwane lokuqala);
• spikelike (ngebhandeshi ivumela ngezinyawo, lapho iminwe ihlale ivuliwe);
• Turtle (elisetshenziswa isithende nedolo ngokuhlanganyela);
• Kuvunguza (elisetshenziswa tibia kungaba bend ukuba ithanga).

Uma kukhona isidingo sokuba kunakekelwe ngokwezinto usizo lokuqala, angasebenzisa ibhandishi esingunxantathu. Ziyakwazi elula ukuphoqelela futhi asidingi amakhono ezikhethekile. Scrap izinto kukhona amaduku, ezilahliwe izindwangu, amashidi.

self-ibhandishi

Uma kukhona isidingo abeke ngebhandeshi ingcindezi noma ezinye izimpahla ezisetshenziswayo Ukwenyela futhi ekwelapheni edema noma unstretched, ukusiza ngebhandeshi self-uvala. Iphinde ingasetshenziswa ukulungisa hhayi kuphela sigqoka, kodwa nangenxa yanoma imaphi amadivaysi ezokwelapha. Lokhu ngebhandeshi - ikhambi ephelele uma udinga amahora ambalwa ukuqinisekisa kokucindezelwa okunokwethenjelwa ngaphandle kokuthatha ihlangothi.

A self-ngebhandeshi elisetshenziswa phlebology, amathambo, traumatology.

Yiqiniso, self-ngebhandeshi - kungcono nje impahla yezokwelapha consumable. Noma kunjalo, kuyasiza kakhulu abantu abathintekayo kwezemidlalo ngubani. Ngenxa nenkanuko edlulele ngebhandeshi ezindaweni ezifana ezithile emzimbeni, kungenzeka ukuvikela lo msubathi kusukela Ukwenyela futhi dislocations.

usawoti amabhandeshi

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lezi amabhandeshi kukhona ikheli impendulo nomdlandla futhi sibe nombono oqondile, hhayi zonke izifo ingasetshenziswa.

Namuhla, kusaladi anjalo ekwelapheni ngempumelelo izifo ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo, ishisa ongaphakeme-ebangeni, appendicitis okungamahlalakhona, ukopha nemivimbo, amanxeba ibe yimbi nakakhulu. Lapho kukhishwa isinqumo ukusebenzisa nosawoti kusaladi, kudingeka wazi ukuthi:

• kasawoti, okuyinto bagxila mkhulu kuka-10% Akwamukelekile sokusebenzisa kusaladi;
• Ngebhandishi ngoba izinto esiwuhogelayo kumele kusetshenziswe;
• kusaladi enjalo contraindicated abantu abanezifo kohlelo zenhliziyo;
• nosawoti kusaladi ayikwazi zisebenze abantu abanezinkinga izinso.

Ngokuzimela ukhombe yena ukusetshenziswa kusaladi ezinjalo azibona zinkulu. Le nqubo kufanele libekwe kuphela udokotela.

Indlela yokufaka isicelo kusaladi ezihlukahlukene?

Manje sinake le nqubo njengoba bandaging. Ubuchwepheshe ukukhanya lezi amadivaysi ezahlukene nezinhlobo kuyafana. Kodwa kukhona ezahlukeneyo yokuthi kukhona ngokuphelele esahlukile kuzo zonke abanye.

Nakani ongakhetha eziyisisekelo laying bintovyh kusaladi.

Regulations ephoqelela amabhandeshi isiyingi:

• round isilonda wokuqala i-engela 30 ° kungxenye umzimba lapho ibhandishi;
• kumele alandele ukuze ekupheleni ezisetshenziselwa bandaging, kusale cishe 5-10 cm ngale ingxenye yomzimba lapho sigqoka sisetshenziswa;
• lapho round isilonda wokuqala, kusaladi lahlala eligoqiwe ekupheleni ke oluyonqunywa izigaba alandelayo impahla esetshenziswe bandaging;
• ukugwema noma ukuchema kuzo kusaladi, ukuvakasha omusha ngamunye udlulela ngaphezulu uvalwe kunalena eyedlule;
• ngebhandeshi omusha ngamunye kufanele amboze round odlule.

Regulations ephoqelela ngebhandeshi Kuvunguza:

• ephoqelela uqale nge sigqoka isiyingi (kancane kude indawo yokulimala);
• uma esikhulu ngebhandeshi Helical ngaphandle Kinks (ehlombe, ethangeni, esifubeni) isebenzisa i ngebhandeshi nokunwebeka;
• uma esikhulu ngebhandeshi Kuvunguza nge ukweqisa (enhla nengalo, ethangeni lesokudla), benza umugqa owodwa kuphela, ukuzama ukwenza nekwendlala ngebhandeshi ohlangothini endaweni ezilimele;
• uma ukunqunywa ngebhandeshi Kuvunguza, okungasekelwe agobile, akunakwenzeka ukufeza nekuhambisana indiza nge ebusweni umzimba ibhandishi, kubalulekile ukwenza Kinks ambalwa nge ushintsho eminye ukuze ngebhandeshi Kuvunguza ngaphandle Kinks.

Imithetho ephathelene sigqoka ezinwabuzelayo:

• nekwendlala ngebhandeshi iqala isiyingi ke ngamunye round okwalandela evele ngalapho proximal;
• Sidinga ukuhamba ngezikhawu khulula elilingana ububanzi ibhandishi phakathi round omusha ngamunye.

Regulations ngokuphathelene cruciate sigqoka:

• ziqale isiyingi ngebhandeshi bandaging;
• round omusha ngamunye ezabekwa futhi alternated nge umbono isiyingi we sigqoka, lapho ibhandishi itholakala kanye round esisha idluliswa ohlangothini proximal kusukela sigqoka wokuqala isiyingi.

Ingungu yensimbi ekhaliswayo ngokushaywa Imbondela Spica:

• baqala zenqane amabhandeshi isiyingi e kwebhande ehlombe (lokhu kuzolungisa imizuliswano lokuqala ibhandishi);
• ukubopha okwengeziwe, babesuka esitho abathintekayo endaweni joint ehlombe, kusukela kuye - nebhande ehlombe ke phezu esifubeni esifundeni axillary ka uhlangothi bese ubuyela ehlombe obukhulu futhi ibhande ehlombe;
• round ngamunye okwalandela, edlulisela phezu kwesifuba nesiphanga, eyenziwa nge-offset kuze kube ½ isondo.

Regulations ngokuphathelene kubuyisele sigqoka:

• uqale nge ukunqunywa umlenze amabhandeshi isiyingi;
• phezu phambi isiqu wenze goba;
• ngokusebenzisa ingxenye ukuphela isiqu kukhona ngebhandeshi mpo round ebusweni emuva kwayo;
• Uhambo ngalunye ebuyiselwa omiswe yezokuvakasha isiyingi;
• round omusha ngamunye mpo kugudlukela ngasengxenyeni yangaphandle bese onqenqemeni kwangaphakathi esitho abalimele;
• zonke izinkambo ngaphezu kwalokho eqoshiwe ngenxa ibhandishi Helical.

Ephonsa: izinhlobo kanye nemishini kwendingilizi

Uma othile siphambi ukunameka kusaladi, Ukuxubana kwalezi amadivayisi imishini ngeke eseyintsha. Kodwa, cishe, kwadingeka abhekane nalawo ngebhandeshi esithambile. Iqiniso lokuthi kwakuvela kubo amandla ukuze afeze ngisho wesikole. Kodwa kukhona ifomu ezinkulu nakakhulu kusaladi, ukunqunywa okufanele omethembayo kuphela ochwepheshe.

Ngaphambi ufunde imithetho eyisisekelo yabalingisi isicelo, kuyancomeka ukuba bajwayelane izinhlobo ezikhona yalezi amadivaysi.

Ukuze usimende waphonsa zihlanganisa:

• eyinhloko isiyingi dissected (ngemva kokuba belashwa, kwathiwa ngokushesha dissected longitudinally);
• iziqu (ngebhandishi isiyingi wenze imbobo engxenyeni okuyinto kuncike ukwelashwa);
• amabhuloho (esikhundleni fenestrated isicelo esimweni lapho ingxenye ezilimele kuyadingeka ukufinyelela ethe xaxa);
• Gypsum okushiwo (wenza amalunga amabili ayindilinga, zihlanganiswa zibe esifundeni ahlangene zomthofu buxhomeke);
• eyingqopha (esebenziswe lapho kubalulekile ukwelapha eziphikelelayo arthrogenic contracture).

Imithetho eyisisekelo yabalingisi isicelo:

• qiniseka ukuhlola khona wonke amathuluzi nezinto zokwakha kungase kudingeke;
• hlola izinga amabhandeshi ukuba ahlawuliswe ukhonkolo;
• izinga ukulungisa umonakalo esitho kungenzeka kuphela uma yisimo emalungeni okungenani ezimbili ezincikene ukulimala;
• phakathi ukulungisa esitho elikulo sesimweni evumayo (ngokuya ukusebenza);
• ibhandishi kufanele kube ukhululekile hhayi ukugxambukela kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese;
• ukuqapha isimo igazi eligciniwe, le phalanges ukuphela kwe-iminwe yakhe nezinzwani zakhe zishiywa zivuliwe;
• lapho ibhandishi sisetshenziswa, umzimba enyula bonke khondo of usimende ukunikeza ukulawula isimo isikhumba;
• phakathi ibhandishi kanye isikhumba (ezingxenyeni kakhulu yalo) ibekwe khona inhlansi yethemba ezithambile evikela elithambile izicubu ukulimala;
• at emaphethelweni emkhakheni sigqoka akufanele kube abukhali;
• imbande of usimende kumelwe abe bushelelezi ngaphandle semfene (imibimbi ziyasuswa ngaphambi isicelo);
• emazombezombe ngebhandeshi usimende ikhiqizwa ngaphandle ukungakhululeki, ukugwema ukwakheka Kinks futhi emphethweni izigaba okubekwe agqagqene (kwi amabhandeshi Kuvunguza uhlobo);
• uma esitho isicelo hhayi hoard iminwe yakho, futhi yonke ibhulashi, ukugwema izinyathelo indentation;
• yakha ushintsho usimende ngebhandeshi phambi usimende Uqinisa.

Zonke Ukuxoshwa compulsorily ilebula. Khombisa ukulimala amathambo umdwebo, ngosuku lapho ukulimala yatholwa, ngosuku wafakwa ukhonkolo, futhi kube usuku elikhuphuka ngalo kulindeleke ukususa ibhandishi.