AT Twardowski, "Vasily Terkin": ukuhlaziya inkondlo

Umsebenzi edume kakhulu kwaba eyintandokazi abantu Tvardovsky Russian kusukela ezinsukwini seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili inkondlo "Vasily Terkin". Lokhu kufakazelwa iqiniso lokuthi ngo-1995 ezweni lakubo, maphakathi Smolensk, isikhumbuzo lamiswao. Uma uphila, baphonswa kungxoxo zethusi Tvardovsky futhi iqhawe yakhe edumile nge inkositini ezandleni zakhe. Lezi izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu - uphawu uhlamvu ukukhunjulwa eqinile isiRashiya, ikhono ukuze sisinde kuzo zonke ngenxa njengezitha zezwe lokhokho.

Uhlobo izici umkhiqizo

Lezo zincwadi ngokuvamile okubhekiselwa "Vasiliya Terkina" inkondlo. Nokho, umlobi kwakungomunye hhayi categorical ngakho kule ndaba.

Okokuqala, kudingeka sinake isihlokwana "Le ncwadi mayelana fighter", wenza ngumlobi. It kakade kusikisela amanye imisebenzi ezingahambisani nezivamile. Ngempela, okuqukethwe kungekho itulo njengoba enjalo lwenethiwekhi izahluko, akukho emvuthwandaba, futhi umbuzo ngokuqondene ukuphelela kuyinto ngempela impikiswano. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi umkhiqizo "Vasily Terkin" abhalwe izahluko, kuba impendulo okusheshayo izenzakalo ezenzeka ngaphambili.

Okwesibili, kukhona amarekhodi Twardowski, lapho ukhuluma mayelana uhlobo: "... indaba - hhayi indaba, Chronicle - Chronicle akuyona ...." Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi isisekelo babe izenzakalo zangempela, ukushaya umbhali.

Ngakho, le ncwadi eyingqayizivele, okuyinto lo encyclopedia ukuphila kwabantu esibi kuye neminyaka yempi. Futhi into eyinhloko kuyo ngempela ukuthi umbhali wakwazi masterfully zibonisa iqhawe ngubani komculo izici best of the uhlamvu Russian.

Ukwakheka kanye nesakhiwo sendzaba

Inkondlo "Vasily Terkin" waba nencazelo ekhethekile: yalotshwa eminyakeni 1942-45 futhi yalotshelwa ngokuyinhloko amasosha abavamile owalwa imisele. Kuye kuchazwe Ukwakheka salo: izahluko ezizimele (kumagazini post-yimpi, umlobi ushiye 29, kuhlanganise 5 "copyright" izahluko) nge lwendaba ehlukile. "Ngaphandle ekuqaleni, okungenabo ngaphandle itulo kakhulu" - kuchaziwe izici "Izincwadi mayelana isosha" Twardowski. Lendlelanchubo yakhiwe wachaza impela nje: ngesikhathi sempi siye saba kwakungenakwenzeka ukufunda ngokugcwele inkondlo "Vasily Terkin". Izahluko kuthiwa isithombe umlingiswa oyinhloko united, uhlale maphakathi izenzakalo, sakhuluma ngokuthi okunye okubalulekile iphuzu Amasosha zeviki. Lokhu kuye kwenza umkhiqizo esibalulekile ngokuya ngesilinganiso yayo nobuzwe.

Basil Terkin: ukuhlaziya isithombe

Izahluko zokuqala avele 1942. Them nanso is umfanekiso isosha abavamile kuvele joker futhi humorist, lo wayo yonke imisebenzi kanye harmonica onekhono, abanesibindi futhi abazinikele fighter lenkaba. Twardowski akazange anikeze enemininingwane incazelo ukubukeka hero: zibonisa enengqondo kunazo futhi iningi labantu eyinqaba. Akukho lutho olubonisa iyacaca esikhundleni sokuhlala kwakhe, nakuba kwehliswa kwelizinga kombhali Ungaqonda ukuthi Twardowski futhi Terkin - bakubo. Le ndlela phuca ubuntu iqhawe futhi kunikeza isithombe bemvelo generalized. Yingakho wonke umfundi uthola e Terkina izici bambamba for wakhe.

The hero, isisebenzi yangaphambili umhlaba, ubona impi njengoba umsebenzi obalulekile. Ubonisa ke nse, bebelele endlini a ongumlimi, bese ukubhukuda ngaphesheya komfula, bese thina phikisana indondo okufanele, udlala harmonica ... Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo kakhulu abanolwazi (sobala isixhumanisi amagama elithi "imibengo") ukuze asindise ukuphila kwakhe Vasily Terkin. Uhlaziyo yezenzo zakhe nokuziphatha abonisa ngayo ukuthi ungu- kahle ngisho nasesimweni esingesihle ezinjalo igcina nobungqabavu kanye okungcono izimfanelo zomuntu, kakhulu ukholelwa ngekuncoba emzabalazweni. Abathandwayo nemvumelwano "Basil-Russian", esetshenziswa embhalweni izikhathi eziningana futhi kugcizelela izici ethandwa ngempela yesithombe wadala.

isithombe impi

Indlelanchubo olukhethekile lwaba umbhali kanye nencazelo ye endaweni isinyathelo kule nkondlo "Vasily Terkin". Ukuhlaziya umbhalo ebonisa ukuthi kukhona nhlobo amagama athile yendawo kwezikhathi eqondile imicimbi. Kuyilapho nakanjani wabonisa uhlobo amasosha - elihamba, njengoba kwadingeka ngokuya ukuzwa zonke ubunzima bokuphila ngaphambili.

Indima ebalulekile udlalwa by incazelo empilweni yomuntu izingxenye nezinto yesosha ukuthi tente isithombe ukhombise impilo futhi emikhulu yaze yaphela impi indlela namaNazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kaningi Terkina image ehambisana iqhawe-hero "izinkampani kanye nesikhathi."

kwesithombe sombhali

umuntu Okubalulekile enkondlweni Vasiliy hhayi kuphela Terkin. Ukuhlaziywa izahluko "Kusukela umlobi" ikuvumela ukuba uthumele kokubili umlandzi futhi phakathi hero kanye abafundi. Le ndoda, wabhekana umthwalo ugcwele timphi (AT Twardowski kusukela ezinsukwini uqale waya phambi njengoba umlobeli othile). Ngo ukucabanga kwakhe uchaza iqhawe (kwasekuqaleni aspect ngokwengqondo) kanye nokuhlolwa Wabantu izenzakalo ezesabekayo. Lesi sakamuva kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi njengoba ekhelini nkondlo waqala nasemasosheni-Veterans (L. Ozerov wazichaza ngokuthi incwadi-umsizi empini), futhi labo abasala emva. Ukuvela izahluko entsha sasilangazelela, futhi izingxenye zazo ngabanye ngekhanda.

Ulimi kanye nesitayela nkondlo "Vasily Terkin"

Isihloko impi ngokuvamile Ibonisani ukusetshenziswa kolimi ephakeme. Twardowski isuka le siko futhi wabhala inkondlo mayelana isosha abavamile, indoda yabantu, ukukhanya, ngolimi elula. Inikeza wonke lelandzisako umfanekiso engokwemvelo iqhawe nokufudumala. Umbhali ngobuciko ihlanganisa ulimi okuxoxa, ngezinye izikhathi eyayivame bese tetemibhalo, asebenzise inzuzo kanye esebenzisa inkulumo yobuciko ngamazwi, ngawakhe amazwi ezincane izinhlobo zamasiko. Lawa amazwi eziningi futhi amahlaya ( "manje ibhizinisi lakho"), amazwi enenani amancane (indodana, ukhozi), epithets njalo ( "Godin ebabayo"), amazwi anjengokuthi "owayethukile Bright Falcon," "Misa-ukudumisa."

Esinye isici - inala mpendulwano lapho abaningi iDemo imisho akuphelele. Ziyakwazi kulula lokuphinda zabalingiswa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke lempi futhi wenze izinhlamvu elula eduze umfundi.

umsebenzi omkhulukazi mayelana isiphetho abantu

Inkondlo laliyisenzakalo juqu hhayi kuphela imisebenzi Tvardovsky, kodwa wonke izincwadi kwesikhathi impi. Umbhali wakwazi ukubonisa indlela amasosha wakhe nobuqhawe abavamile, yayiyini Vasily Terkin. Ukuhlaziywa umhlanganyeli zabo ngqo ezingxabanweni izenzakalo kwenza indaba kukholakale. Abathathu izinkondlo ukukhuluma letigaba juqu we impi: ukubaleka, ukwa futhi imashi enqobile ukuze Berlin. Effect isebenza zombili iphela ukunqoba, njengoba umsebenzi wakhe oyinhloko - ukutshela isibindi Amazing abantu baseSoviet ekulweni wobushiqela - AT Twardowski iyilandele ngokugcwele.