Anne Brontë: Biography emfushane

Anne Brontë - omunye ezintathu nodade-abalobi of England, egcwele zakudala wangempela izincwadi uVictoria.

ebuntwaneni

abazali Anne zivela amakilasi ezahlukene futhi ingcebo ezahlukene. Ubaba - Patrick Brontë - wayeyindodana abampofu umlimi Irish. Akazange sibekezelele isimo sabo, wafundisa yena ukufunda, ukubhala, bese behlakaniphe imfundo enhle. Lapho izingane zakhe abazalwanga Patrick Wasebenza ukukhetha we yesonto e Thornton.

Umama - Maria Branwell - eyindodakazi a igilosa futhi njalo uye waphila ekuchumeni. Ngemva kokushona kwabo yakhe, wahamba wayohlala nomamekazi wakhe e Hartskhed ukumsiza esikoleni. Kwaba kukhona ukuthi wahlangana no-Patrick, futhi 1812 bashada.

Anne nekaseminyakenakhe ezinganeni eziyisithupha. Wazalelwa Januwari 1820. Ngemva konyaka nje kokuzalwa kwayo, umndeni wavakashela le nhlekelele lokuqala - kusukela isifo wafa Maria. Udadewabo u-Elizabeth aqala ukunakekela abagulayo, kodwa ngemva kokufa kwakhe washiya azinikele imfundo umshana.

Anti Elizabeth yayiqine kakhulu futhi kwakungadingeki ukuba sicabange, kanye nezingane ezindadlana wenza ongangeneki, kodwa Anne wayemthanda futhi ngisho bamvumela ukulala ekamelweni lakhe.

Ngo-1825 isifo sofuba sabulala odade ababili abadala - uMariya Elizabeth. Le nhlekelele kuyinto onobunye kakhulu. Zonke izingane bashintshele isikole ekhaya, okwakuhilela ubaba anti. ebaleni lokudlala izingane zabo baba moorlands, okuyinto esikhathini esizayo zibone indawo yazo amanoveli nodade.

kumiswa

Ikhaya isikole Anne Brontë kuyinto ukufunda amabhuku. ozithandayo bami babengamaKatolika imisebenzi Milton, uShakespeare, Virgil, Byron. Umamncane sazama ukufundisa amantombazane indlu, kodwa sazithela phezu kodonga. Bancamela ukuhlala izincwadi.

Umculo babafundisa organist yesonto. Ukudweba - Mnu Dzhon Bredli, futhi owayehlala eduze kwethu.

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu, Anne Brontë waya esikoleni Road Shona, lapho wayesifundisa udadewabo Charlotte. Useke bafunda lapho iminyaka emibili, wathola indondo eziphatha kahle, kodwa izinkinga zezempilo futhi ezingqubuzana abefundisi Anglican wendawo ophoqelelwe Anne ukubuyela ekhaya lakhe.

Jobe umphathi

Kusukela omkhaya wakhe wawungekho abacebile, la mantombazane ayengahlangene ukufuna imali. Bafunde kodwa abesifazane abampofu ngaleso sikhathi kwaba isixazululo esisodwa kuphela - ukusebenza njengoba umphathi.

Ngezinye nesishiyagalolunye, u-Anne waba nethuba lokuveza imizwa yazo, abe umphathi emndenini Ingham. Nokho, uye wasebenza khona isikhathi eside. Abafundi zalo zazibheke spoilt kakhulu nabangalaleliyo, nasemisebenzini abazali ngeke ziwulalelisise. Ngu kaKhisimusi kwalowo nyaka, u-Anne esesekhaya, sichithiwe ozala Ingham.

Nokho, umsebenzi Blake Hall akubanga yize. Zonke izenzakalo kanye nencazelo endaweni kubonakala ngemisebenzi Anne Brontë.

ikhaya Emuva e Haworth, ahlangana insizwa okuthiwa uWilliam Ueytmen. Wayesebenza epherishi kuze 1842. Ngokusho ubufakazi Charlotte, udadewabo omncane wayemthanda uWilliam. Bona sasiba nezingxoxo ezinde nezincwadi ukuxoxa. Nokho, uWilliam akazange ukuqokomisa Brontë abasebasha phakathi kwabanye, zonke ekhuluma ngendlela enobungane.

Anne Brontë, ogama izinkondlo ngale nkathi ezembula imizwa yakhe yaqala ukunikela isikhathi esengeziwe ikhono. Eminye yemisebenzi yakhe olusankondlo wanikezela nsizwa.

Ngo-1840 wenza umsebenzi ngesikhathi Robinson umndeni, lapho esebenza khona iminyaka emihlanu. Yena kwakufanele abafundi abane: uLidiya abaphezulu kwaba iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu ubudala, u-Edmund omncane engenathi - iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili kuphela. Nge Robinsonami Enn wahambela Scarborough njalo ngonyaka futhi wayemthanda ngempela kule ndawo yeholide. Kusukela 1843 wasebenza umnewabo Branwell, uhlanganyela imfundo Edmund.

Miss Brontë ushiye umsebenzi ngenxa umfowabo, ngubani ephethwe ukuba lithandana uNkk Robinson. Ngemva kwalokho, yena nodadewabo omdala Emily yahamba endleleni uhambo eNgilandi.

ekudalweni

Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, u-Anne wanika yena ukusebenza. Charlotte ifunda ukuthi odadewabo abe izinkondlo ezinhle ezimbalwa, ebamema ukuba ashicilele iqoqo ahlangene izinkondlo. Ukuze kungabikho muntu ongahlulela izinkondlo zabo intombazane olubandlululayo wayeshade pseudonyms besilisa.

Collection wadedelwa ngo-1846. Tinkondlo ziye yamukelwa ngomusa yi-a baxgeki.

Sisters egijima ekusebenzeni parallel ku inoveli, ngamunye bebodwa. Anne abasebenze "Agnes Gray". Imibhalo Yesandla nazo ethunyelwe endlini ukushicilela ndawonye e-London.

Inoveli Anne no-Emily sathatha ukushicilelwa Thomas Nyubli, futhi umkhiqizo Charlotte: "Mfundzisi" sinqatshiwe. Nokho, le ntombazane wayekulungele incwadi yesibili - "Dzheyn Eyr", kamuva eshicilelwe ngokushesha kunokuba "Agnes Gray" futhi "Wuthering Heights". Inoveli kuthiwa odade asebekhulile emangalisayo kakhulu futhi cishe yadlula ngokuphelele impumelelo incwadi Anne.

Ngaleso sikhathi kwakukhona abesifazane abaningi romanistok okwakwenza protagonists imisebenzi yakhe kwaba governesses. Lokhu kwaba kanye Anne Brontë. "Agnes Gray", ukubuyekezwa zazo ayikwazanga ngokuthi laudatory, ingenye yezincwadi eziningi zingezona ezibonakalayo.

Futhi nangu inoveli yesibili yi Brontë abasebasha kwaba impumelelo enkulu. Kwahamba edayiswa 1848. Uhlelo lokuqala wadayiswa ngesikhathi rekhodi.

Kuzo zonke amanoveli nodade baxgeki walibiza umsebenzi best of Anne Brontë. "I eyisakhamuzi of Wildfell Hall", okuyinto libuyekeza yayimane nje yokungenwa, ngisho uma liqhathaniswa imisebenzi ekhaliphile Charles Dickens.

Ukugula nokufa

Ngo-1848, umndeni Brontë balahlekelwa kakhulu. Esokuqala kwaba umfowabo Branwell, abafa bebulawa ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula ezithuthukayo. Kwabe Emily, ayenqabe ukwamukela noma yiluphi usizo lwezokwelapha. Yena ebulawa isifo sofuba.

Ukufa udadewabo othandekayo Anne nezilima impilo. Ngemva Christmas, yena wehla umkhuhlane, futhi kufika okufanayo udokotela wathola ukuthi isifo sofuba. Ngemva kwezinyangana emva kokwelashwa wayezizwa engcono sabe sesinquma ukuhamba e Scarborough, eduze kolwandle.

Ubethula ephelezelwa Charlotte. Nokho, umgwaqo kakhulu isiphelile into abampofu. Anne Brontë wafa 28 Meyi, 1849. Wayengeyena ngisho iminyaka engamashumi amathathu ubudala.

Inani

Anne Brontë, okuyinto izincwadi eziyingxenye yazo eqoqweni yegolide ezincwadini nasemasikweni amaNgisi, uyiphayona inhlobo yayo. Kwakuwusuku umbhali wokuqala owadala inoveli ezilwela amalungelo abesifazane.