Amandla engqondo ayanciphisa nini?

Ngaphambilini kwakukholelwa ukuthi abantu abangena ekuvuthweni, kancane kancane baqala ukulahlekelwa amandla abo engqondo: ukucabanga okusheshayo nokwenza izinqumo, kubi kakhulu ukukhumbula ulwazi. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwamuva kweYunivesithi yaseMassachusetts sekukhuthaze abantu abaye bawela isikhathi eside iminyaka engu-18. Ngokwezifundo zamuva, amakhono okuqonda angathuthukisa amashumi eminyaka kanye namashumi eminyaka kamuva.

Ucwaningo luqhutshwa kanjani?

Imidlalo eminingi elula neyomshini yekhompiyutha yenzelwe ukuhlola amakhono ahlukene okuqonda: isivinini sokucubungula ulwazi, ulwazimagama kanye nokuqashelwa komphakathi. Ukuhlanganyela kulolu cwaningo, abantu abaneminyaka engama-10 kuya ku-89 bamenywe.

Yini ososayensi abashoyo ngenxa yomsebenzi owenziwe? Kuvela ukuthi umsebenzi ophakeme wobuchopho uqala ukwehla kwawo ngezikhathi ezahlukene zokuphila. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphakama kwamakhono athile kungenzeka kakade lapho usukhulile, kanti izimbali zamanye amakhono engqondo umuntu ahlangabezana nazo eminyakeni engama-70 kuphela.

Futhi uyazibuza ukuthi yimaphi amakhono akho engqondo asevele adlulisele ukuphakama kwawo, futhi yikuphi okwenyuka kakhulu? Kule ncwadi sizocubungula amakhono amane amakhulu okuqonda kwengqondo yomuntu.

Isivinini sokwenza ulwazi

Ngaphansi kwalokhu mqondo, ikhono lomuntu lokubona ulwazi olusha kufanele lucatshangelwe. Kungakanani umuntu akwazi ukucubungula ulwazi, ngakho masinyane uphendula umbuzo owenziwe.

Ngakho, sidumala abanye abafundi. Ukuphakama kwaleli khono kusemncane. Yingakho intsha inenzuzo ngaphezu kokuvuthwa kule ndaba. Abantu abasha benza konke okusheshayo: ukuhlaziya, ukubuka, nokusebenzisa ngempumelelo imisebenzi yemoto, njengokufaka ulwazi uma uphendula umbuzo.

Kodwa-ke, ungadangali uma usuvele usuwedlule iminyaka engama-20. Ukuza nezixazululo ezisheshayo akusho ukuthi lezi zixazululo zilungile. Yilokho uJoshuwa Hartshorne, Ph.D., uthi: "Kuhle uma ukwazi ukugijima ngokushesha, kodwa kungcono nakakhulu ukwazi ukuthi uzogijima kuphi."

Indlela yokuthuthukisa lekhono? Abantu abahlinzeka umzimba wabo isigamu sehora lesisindo somsebenzi we-aerobic nsuku zonke bazokwazi ukuthuthukisa ijubane lokucubungula ulwazi. Ngakho-ke, umuntu okhuthele ngokomzimba unenzuzo ngaphezu kontanga yakhe ehlala naye.

Imemori yokusebenza

Lolu hlobo lomsebenzi wobuchopho luqondwa njengekhono lokugcina izingcezu eziningi zolwazi ngesikhathi esifushane ngesikhathi esifanayo. Imemori yokusebenza yenza kube lula ngesikhathi esifanele ukukhipha masinyane izinto ezidingekayo ukuxazulula inkinga ethile.

Umsebenzi wezinga eliphezulu lokukhumbula inkumbulo iwela esikhathini esingangeminyaka engaba ngu-30. Lokhu kwavezwa ososayensi eThekwini University ekutadisheni kwabo kwamuva, lapho abafundi besilisa behlolwe khona. Abafundi bamenyiwe ukuba badlale imidlalo yevidiyo ngehora elilodwa nsuku zonke inyanga yonke. Abantu bavivinywa kakhulu bakhulisa inkumbulo yabo yokusebenza, njengoba abacwaningi bakholelwa, ichazwa ukuguqulwa okusheshayo kwezenzakalo ezenzweni zemidlalo. Umuntu odlala imidlalo yesimanje yamakhompyutha, uyakwazi ukubamba izingcezu eziningi zolwazi ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ukuqashelwa komphakathi

Ukuqondiswa komphakathi kusho ukuthi umuntu uyakwazi ukubona ukuziphatha komunye, ulimi lomzimba, ubuso be-interlocutor futhi asebenze ngendlela efanele. Ukuphakama kwalesi sakhono sekuyiminyaka engama-40. Ukusebenzisa amakhono wokuqashelwa komphakathi, uzoqonda futhi ufunde ukuziphatha komunye umuntu.

Indlela yokuthuthukisa lekhono? Kuvela ukuthi ukukhululwa kwe-hormone oxytocin egazini kungase kusekele ukuhlonishwa komphakathi komuntu. Ngakho-ke, vumelana ngokwengeziwe, bamba izandla, ubambisane ngokumangalela nomphefumulo wakho womshado, ungakhohlwa ukubaluleka kokusondelana.

Silulumagama

Leli khono liqondwa njengekhono lokubona incazelo yamagama amasha. Ukuphakama kwalokhu ikhono iminyaka engu-65-70. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uthuthuke njalo, uzama ukufunda amagama amaningi amasha, kufaka phakathi i-slang, emincane-iphrofayili, ekhethekile, emigameni yobuchwepheshe. Ulwazimagama olukhulu lusiza abantu ukuba baqonde kangcono izwe. Ukwandisa isilulumagama, funda isayensi nenkolelo, bukela amabhayisikobho amasha, unesithakazelo kumicimbi emisha. Eqinisweni, kunezinto eziningi emasikweni asenza sicabange futhi sicabange ngaphezulu.