Amammoth amathonya. Ukubaluleka kwabo kanye nokukhipha

Lesi sihloko sichaza ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwezimbongolo ezinkulu, kuphi nokuthi zikhishwa kanjani, zingu-mammoths ezinjalo nokuthi kungani zafa.

Izikhathi zasendulo

Ukuphila Emhlabeni kuye kwacatshangwa ososayensi iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu, futhi ngalesi sikhathi izinhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo zishintshe kusukela ezihlakalweni ezingenalutho ezihlala olwandle zasendulo kuya kuma-dinosaurs. Ukuhlala kwabo ngesimo esisodwa noma esinye sehlele ezikhathini zethu ngokusebenzisa inqubo yokuncenga. Kodwa kukhona olunye uhlobo lwezilwane zasendulo ezidumbu zazo ezigcinwe naphezu kwenkathi enkulu yesikhathi, futhi lezi zingamakhulu.

Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, ama-mammoth amathrekhi ayengezona izikhali, kodwa amkhonza njengethuluzi lokukhishwa kwamadlelo. Abameli bokugcina balezi zilwane bafa eminyakeni engaba ngu-10 000 eyedlule, ngalezo zinsuku lapho indoda enengqondo yayifake kakade amalungelo akhe eMhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezizinda eziningi zezinhlanzi ezilondolozwe kahle zama-giants, ososayensi bayazi okuningi ngamammoths. Futhi izimpondo zalezi zinqamuzana azithakazelisi hhayi kuphela kubacwaningi bezilwane ezivele zikhona.

Kungani kudingeka?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo ilula: kungcono ngenzuzo. Ngenxa yokulondolozwa okuhle kwemikhumbi emikhulu kunenani eliyigugu kakhulu emakethe emnyama: benza izinto eziningi ezikhunjweni nasemifanekisweni yezilwane emisebenzini yobuciko yangempela elinganiswa ezigidini zamaRandi. Kodwa isifuba singasinda kanjani uma selungcwatshwe emhlabathini iminyaka eyizinkulungwane zeminyaka?

Yonke into esezimo zemvelo zaseSiberia. Ngenxa ye-permafrost, izinsalela azikho ngaphansi kokufisa, ngokuba sonke isikhathi "esiqandisini" semvelo. Futhi, izimo ezihle kakhulu zazo ziyiziteshi zemifula epholile nemifula. Ngaphandle kokufinyelela ku-oksijeni, inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwamabhaktheriya nokubola ayilutho lapho, ngakho-ke izimbiza ezinkulu zihlala kahle kakhulu.

Ubani owakhipha futhi uyithengisa kuphi?

Izinsalela zalezi ziqhwaga eziphilayo zitholakala emhlabeni wonke, kodwa zivame kakhulu eYurophu naseSiberia. Indawo "inhlanzi" kunazo zonke ze-paleontologists kanye "nabafuna abamnyama" yiYakutia. Indawo, ehlanganiswe ne-marshy tundra, ayikwazi ukufaneleka kangcono ukugcina abamele imfuyo yasendulo. Izindawo zokuhlala ezinamammoths zikhishwa ezindaweni ezivelele ze-permafrost, zihlanza izindawo ezisogwini kanye namanzi.

Le nqubo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, inzima futhi iyingozi, futhi abantu bendawo bahlanganyela kuyo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi emva kokutholakala ngamunye baqhuba amasiko ukuze badumise imimoya lapho bakholwa khona.

Ngokweminye imithombo, ukubaluleka kwezimpahla eziphezulu emakethe emnyama kuvela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-25. Ngakho-ke izinsalela zama-mammoths ezakhamuzi zalezo zingxenye zisiza kakhulu, ngakho zihlanganyela kulo lonke umuzi.

Umthetho

Ngokwemvelo, imisebenzi enjalo ayimthetho, futhi ososayensi sekuyisikhathi eside behlaselwa yiqiniso lokuthi banqatshelwe izinto zokucwaninga. Yiqiniso, ungakwazi ukuphikisa ukuthi kunezintambo eziningi, kodwa noma kunjalo, ukuthola konke kunzima kakhulu. Umbuzo uphakama: kungani lokhu kungabhekwa ngumthetho? Mhlawumbe, ngenxa yamasimu amakhulu, kunzima kakhulu ukulawula lesi sifunda.

Izindawo ezilahlekile nezitholakalayo

Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, izibhamu ezivame kakhulu ezitholakala eSiberia. Kodwa kwakukhona ama-giant emhlabeni jikelele, kunezinhlobo ezintathu kuphela - ama-Asian, ama-American, kanye nama-intercontinental. Iziqephu zezimbuzi ezinkulu zivame ukutholakala eNyakatho Melika nasezungeze amazwe aseScandinavia. Kodwa ukuphepha kwabo kubi kakhulu kunalokho okutholakala eSiberia.

Kungani ama-mammoths efa

Kukhona izingxabano, kungani lezi zimpibi zasendulo, ezafinyelela ubude bamamitha angu-5 futhi zilinganisa amathani angaphezu kuka-10, zafa? Yini engasongela isilwane esinjalo? Yiqiniso, nezilwane ezidliwayo ngalezo zinsuku zazikhulu kunamanje, kodwa ososayensi namanje banikeza izinguqulo ezimbili.

Eyokuqala yinkathi yeqhwa. Ama-Mammoth ayembozwe ngobulu obukhulu futhi, ngokungafani nezindlovu zanamuhla, babengesabi amakhaza. Kodwa ezimweni zaseSiberia ezinzima, inhlanhla ebandayo yomhlaba wonke yabulala abantu abaningi.

Inguqulo yesibili ithonya lomuntu. Ngalezo zinsuku, abantu bazama ukuzingela ama-giants, besebenzisa izicupho ezihlukahlukene. Imivubukulo eminingi yama-mammoth eRussia kanye nokupaka kwabantu abakudala bayakuqinisekisa ukuthi laba bantu baqothule kakhulu.

Ukuqothulwa kwama-mammoth

Phakathi kwabazingeli baseSiberia, umlando ubulokhu uthandwa kakhulu kusukela esikhathini esidlule, mayelana nokuthi i-getter yafinyelela kanjani i-permafrost ezinsalela ze-mammoth, futhi "efrijini" yemvelo egcinwe kahle kangangokuthi inyama yayiphekwe esigxotsheni futhi idliwe.

Eqinisweni, lokhu akulona iqiniso. Inyama yomzimba, ngemva kwezinkulungwane zeminyaka emhlabeni, kancane kancane ilahlekelwa i-collagen, futhi iba yinto engafanelekile yokudla, futhi ivele ihlukane nokukhipha ukushisa. Kodwa inganekwane, akungabazeki, iyathakazelisa. Indaba efanayo ingafundwa encwadini ethi "Aelita" ngu-Alexei Tolstoy.

Ngakho-ke, izilwane ezinkulu, ngisho nangezigaba zamakhulu eminyaka, ziyaqhubeka zijabulisa abantu.