Amaholide e Saudi Arabia. Izikhangibavakashi e Saudi Arabia: incazelo

Inkulumo Echaza Isimo Sezwe Saudi Arabia - ezweni elihle ehlanganisa umnotho yesimanje futhi ngamasiko asendulo. It izivakashi eziningi yemvelo engafani ezingwadule zabo, amabhishi, futhi izindawo eziningi zokukhulekela emhlabeni Islamic.

Kulesi sihloko uzothola incazelo izifunda, namadolobha wezwe, uphinde futhi ube ezikhangayo esemqoka Saudi Arabia. Kuyinto uhulumeni ngobukhulu e- Peninsula Okwe. Entshonalanga ke inomngcele ngasoLwandle Olubomvu, futhi enyakatho-mpumalanga - Gulf. Saudi Arabia kuba umngcele Kuwait, Iraq, Jordan, UAE, Qatar, Oman futhi Yemen.

Emaphakathi esifundeni

Esikhathini imaphakathi Kingdom iyinhloko-dolobha isimo Riyadh, kanye nezinye emadolobheni amaningi amakhulu, amanga entshonalanga nasenyakatho ngakho. Lona isikhungo somlando ezindawo yezwe, okuthiwa Najd. Emaphakathi ingxenye - ingxenye kakhulu olandelanayo isimo. Futhi kuze kube namuhla izakhamuzi zakhona ukulandela zonke nemithetho Wahhabism. Nazi abezinye izizwe ezimbalwa, ngaphandle yenhloko-dolobha. Bahlale njengoba ezingavamile kule ngxenye yezwe, efana imvula.

izihloko ezimbili

Riyadh (Riyad, eliboniswe ngenhla) - idolobha lanamuhla, ogama lakhe ihumusha ngokuthi "izingadi". It yasungulwa kusayithi komnikazi, ethunjwa Ibn Saud. 30 km kusuka Riyad kuyinto Dirayya, inhloko-dolobha yokuqala embusweni. Lona izwe ezibaluleke kakhulu kusukela iphuzu bemivubukulo umbono. Dirayya yasungulwa emuva 1446. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-17, ifike isiqongo sokuthuthuka, futhi 1818 labhujiswa. Namuhla, kunamabandla amanxiwa amaningi ukuthi ukukhuthalele abuyiselwe. Phakathi kwabo singabona okulandelayo izinto Saudi Arabia: a amathempeli ezimbalwa, izigodlo, kanye ubudala odongeni lomuzi.

eseMpumalanga

eseMpumalanga isimo amanga eGulf Coast. Imingcele yayo imizi ezifana Khobar, Dhahran (Az Zahran) Jubail futhi Hofuf. Kuyinto abasengxenyeni esempumalanga yezwe okokuqala wathola uwoyela udlala namuhla indima ebalulekile emnothweni wesifundazwe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1930. Umuzi Al Khobar futhi Dammam babe nemizana nje encane ukudoba ngaphambi uwoyela asusa isidumo. Dhahran ngokuphelele lingekho.

Dammam

Dammam iyinhloko-dolobha ye esifundeni esisempumalanga. Lona sesitimela endleleni okuyisona Riyadh dummy. The izinto ezisemqoka ibhizinisi isikhungo yesimanje, kanye nobukhulu umxhwele eweni ugu. I last e-Saudi Arabia ngokuthi Cornish ( "uphahla").

Al Khobar

City Al Khobar futhi ubonakele phezu sibonga imephu ukuze uwoyela. Muva nje, kuze 1923, wayengumuntu ekamu elincane ongumArabhu, etholakala eduze base ngokushesha Geological, enomnikazi Aramco. Okwamanje, Al Khobar - idolobha elikhulu lezimboni. Kusukela kuziwa kwebhuloho odumile we King Fahd (King Fahad Kazuey), ogama obuphelele 25 km.

It uxhuma Saudi Arabia ne Bahrain. King Fahd ibhuloho lakhiwa iminyaka 4 - kusuka 1982 kuya ku-1986.

Dhahran

Umuzi esilandelayo Dhahran, cishe ngokuphelele lakhiwa Aramco. Namuhla, it has isikhumulo sezindiza, yamabhizinisi, US Consulate, futhi University. Inkosi Fahad, esebenza oilmen futhi zesayensi yokwakheka komhlaba.

Qatif

City Qatif itholakala enyakatho Dammam, 13 km. It yasungulwa esizeni umuzi wasendulo wase-umPheresiya esifundeni Gulf. Abavubukuli baye okwamanje esiphethweni isikhathi esiqondile isisekelo salo, kodwa ezinye zazo baxhumanisa lokho 3500 BC. e. Persian Gulf ngo amamephu zokuqala zaseYurophu ngokuthi Katifskim ulwandle.

Darin siqhingi Taruta

Enye yezindawo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu embusweni kusukela iphuzu zomlando umbono kukhona iziqhingi Darin futhi Taruta. Abathandi endulo impela uthanda Saudi Arabia ezikhangayo etholakala lapha. Iziqhingi kukhona izinqaba lasendulo, okungenzeka ngokunembile ukunquma yobudala noma imuphi usosayensi. Ngo Jabal al-Kara, uzothola owaziwa ezweni lonke workshop Ceramic, ogama umkhiqizo zithandwa kakhulu e-Saudi Arabia. Futhi ngasedolobheni Abqaiq (Bukayk) kukhona ezimayini zikasawoti ukuthi isakhiwa cishe 5000 iminyaka.

Jubail

Idolobha Jubail amanga kwabanhlempu enyakatho Dammam, e km 90 kuwo. Kuze kube maphakathi nawo-1970, le ndawo kwaba wokudoba. Esikhathini sethu, kanye Yanbu it yakha izitshalo enkulu yezimboni eziyinkimbinkimbi Metallurgical, izitshalo Petrochemical kanye nezinkampani zokuhweba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona main base wamabutho asolwandle e-Saudi Arabia. Maphakathi nawo-1980 eduze Jubail abangu igodi amanxiwa abantu besonto Christian Jubail Church. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, basonta 4th AD leminyaka. e., okungukuthi, sebekhulile kunabo bonke abadumile izakhiwo zethempeli ezitholakala eYurophu.

Isigamu Moon Bay

Eningizimu endaweni Al Khobar welula Isigamu Moon Bay. Lokhu izivakashi endaweni ekhula ngokushesha. Uma unesithakazelo izinkambo Saudi Arabia, kutuswa ukuba banake kule ndawo. Isigamu Moon Bay ligxile ikakhulu ngeholide lolwandle. Kule ndawo, kukhona lolwandle sandy, okuyinto isikhathi eside e-UK kanye ine ingqalasizinda kakhulu futhi izindawo.

Hofuf

City Hofuf (okwehlukile - Hafuf) - enkabeni oasis enkulukazi Al-Asha (El-Asahi), kubhekwe enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Lapha iyagcinwa Fort ubudala, kanye omunye izimakethe ezithakazelisa kakhulu kuleli zwe lapho ungakwazi ukuthenga, phakathi kwezinye izinto, amakamela, kanye imikhiqizo ye yobuciko neyezandla zimboni. Ngenxa yobuningi ezinohlaza, ukubaluleka kwengosi kuba isiziba futhi olunothile emizaneni endaweni ingenye yezindawo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu esifundeni.

West esifundeni

Le ndawo, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Hejaz, - zenkolo, isikhungo somlando lamasiko ezwe Muslim. The main amathempelana Islamic - ezikhangayo esemqoka Saudi Arabia - zitholakala lapha. Kule ngxenye yezwe kukhona amasayithi eminingi eyatholakala okuqondene kwesikhathi pre-Islamic, amasayithi eziningana kweBhayibheli kanye izakhiwo emlandweni futhi yokwakha abadumile.

Mecca

Mecca - yidolobha ekhethekile, futhi isikhungo olungokomoya lwalesi engcwele (kuhlanganise neJerusalema Medina) for Muslims emhlabeni wonke. Itholakala kwi kwemithambeka El Saravat, abahlala engxenyeni ephakathi ye-ndawo. Lapha kukhona kuphela abalandeli Islam.

Maphakathi Mecca kuyinto Kaaba (isithombe ngenhla ibonisa). Lesi sakhiwo cuboid, isenkabeni ye Mosque Ngcwele wavakashela kakhulu emhlabeni. Kaaba ligubuzelwe iveli abamnyama kanye nemlandvo wesikhatsi lesidze. Ngokusho Qur'an, ke ingenye yezindawo eziyinhloko lapho phakathi Hajj-pilgrim bugcogcwe. The Quran liphinde lithi lokhu isakhiwo sokuqala ukuthi yakhelwe abantu ukuba bakhulekele uNkulunkulu. Kumele ukuthi isakhiwo engavamile kakhulu Kaaba. Ake ubone ngeso lengqondo ke izama ukwenza njalo-pilgrim. Kodwa hhayi kuphela ukubukeka kwabo kuphawuleka kwalesi sakhiwo. Kwelinye emagumbini alo ukukhwezwa lwetshe elimnyama, okuyinto, ngokwesiko Muslim, yake yaba ipharadesi.

Ngenhla Mecca, ezintabeni, endaweni engamamitha acishe abe yizinkulungwane 2 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle, itholakala Taif. Lokhu ehlobo inhloko-dolobha i-Saudi Arabia, lapho kukhona ukufinyelela kwamahhala non-amaSulumane.

Medina

Medina - "brilliant" noma "emzini ukukhanyiselwa" - itholakala 950 amakhilomitha entshonalanga Riyadh futhi 490 km, esenyakatho-mpumalanga eMecca. Medina - idolobha lesibili ongcwele for Muslims kanye ngowokuqala yalabo abahamba izivumelwano umprofethi. Lidonsa zabaningi. Ngeshwa, manje edolobheni ivaliwe kwabezizwe.

Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (elinye igama layo - Somprofethi Mosque) - lamaSulumane edumile kakhulu futhi enhle ku Medina. Kuyinto shrine yesibili Islam emva Mosque Engcwele, elise eMecca. Masjid Nabawi - endaweni lokungcwatshwa Muhammad. Ngisho phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe mosque lokuqala lakhiwa lapha. ababusi Okwalandela gqizisa futhi lanwetshwa ngilahlekile. Ngaphansi Prophet Dome (Dome Green) is Muhammad ethuneni. Ongaziwa usuku oluqondile ukwakhiwa yayo, kodwa incazelo yaleli Dome kutholakala ngisho ngasekuqaleni imibhalo yesandla ngekhulu le-12.

Jeddah

Jeddah - isikhungo ezibaluleke kakhulu kwetimboni, temabhizimisi nezombusazwe esifundeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto ichweba elikhulu oLwandle Olubomvu. Jeddah - esangweni ngenxa zabaningi, idolobha elinabantu bezizwe ezihlukahlukene kakhulu e-Saudi Arabia. Ngo lokugebenga, 50 km enyakatho kuba yinto enhle aqueous. Izakhiwo Sheraton Abhur, Sands, Al Nakheel Village, Crystal kuyona, Durrat Al-Arus nje kuphela ezingeni layo high, kodwa futhi ngenxa yomnikelo ezibalulekile benzile ukongiwa eziningi zezilwane nezimila yasoLwandle Olubomvu, ikakhulukazi ezihlala ezixhotsheni zamakhorali.

obomvu kolwandle

Ngokwaso oLwandle Olubomvu - ipharadesi boaters. Ingenye uhlelo ngobukhulu zamakhorali zamakhorali emhlabeni, ehlanganisa ngu-200 zinhlobo amarubi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo awayona njengoba akhethwa abatshuzi njengoba zokungcebeleka laseGibhithe, elise ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngakho uhlale e-Saudi Arabia, oyikhumbulayo. E Jeddah, kanye emadolobheni resort ogwini kahle athuthukile zonke izingxenye nengqalasizinda yezokuvakasha. Kukhona inala amahhotela kanye nezitolo. Ubuningi hambo futhi akusoze kwalibaleka inikeza izihambi Saudi Arabia. Sea - lokho esinye sezizathu ukuthi bekufanele ukuvakashela izwe.

Southwest Region

Le ndawo futhi waziwa ngokuthi u-Asheri. It wathola igama layo egameni ezintabeni etholakala lapha (Asheri). ENingizimu-ntshonalanga umbuso kungokwalabo East Rift Valley. Lena kumiswa kakhulu Geological, lapho kukhona izintaba eziningi eziphakeme. Eduze kwedolobha Abha, inhloko-dolobha, i-Mount Jebel Saud, indawo ephakeme eningizimu-ntshonalanga (3133 m). Ngo Atheer Ubuye izigodi eziningi emikhombeni zomhlaba, inani elikhulu imifino, ekhuthaza lokushisa ngandlela-thile aphansi njengoba kuqhathaniswa nezinye izifunda. Enye Aelius Gallus okukhulunywa lezi izingxenye e zemihla base Roma (25 BC) njengoba izwe lenhlaka. By the way, amaRoma yehlulekile uyibambe. Futhi ingxenye yalesi sifunda Saudi Arabia weza kuphela ngo-1922, kuze kube yileso sikhathi lapho esisele umbuso ozimele.

Lezi imiphetho zihluke lonke Insimu woMbuso ngokomthetho izakhiwo kanye namasiko, ngenxa isondele Yemen. Cornice - kakhulu sici isici izakhiwo zendawo, ukuvimbela ukuguguleka izindonga zobumba yezindlu ngezinkathi zemvula. Lo msuka izakhiwo kumane angenakuyicabanga ezomile Saudi Arabia.

Abha

Kuyinto inhloko-dolobha Asir Abha. Yiwo umuzi ebanda kunazo e-Saudi Arabia. Ngenxa nezindawo ezinhle nensada zasemazweni, waba resort ethandwa. Lapha iyagcinwa Shada Palace, elakhiwa ngo-1927 njengoba indawo yokuhlala e-King Abdul Aziz. Abha kabusha wavula ngo 1987 emva sokubuyiselwa. Namuhla kuba Museum zesifunda, okuyinto evulekile kusukela ngoMgqibelo uLwesine, ukungena khulula.

Al-Soda

Abhi empumalanga, 45 amakhilomitha, kusukela langa namathafa Al-Soda. Lokhu izintaba, ezihosheni ewumngcingo, amawa amakhulu, eziqongweni green namanzi aluhlaza nezintaba kolwandle. Eningizimu ye-National Park-Ashere, ngubani omunye the best in the state.

Farasan

Modern Saudi Arabia - akusiwona nje ehlane lamakamela, izakhiwo ezingokomlando, izindawo zokukhulekela izithombe Islamic kanye ebhishi ngamaholidi. abathandi Nature ngokuqinisekile siyabazisa amapaki eziningana kazwelonke. On eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Arabia, 40 km entshonalanga Jizan, kuyinto iqembu iziqhingi Farasan. Leli qoqo liqukethe 84 isihlabathi coral neziqhingi. Farasan abakhethiwe inyoni, owakhetha kuye yokuzalanisa. Lapha siphile zasolwandle (87 zinhlobo), ama-dugong, Insephe, kanye ulwandle izimfudu. Leli qoqo leziqhingi laqala cishe ngokuphelele kufakwe National Park Farasan.

Northern esifundeni

Le ndawo itholakala emingceleni enyakatho Saudi Arabia, ugwadule maloobitaema. Kuyinto engekho izihambi. Noma kunjalo, nazi ngaphansi kwezihlabathi muzi wasendulo, okuyinto ngaye emibhalweni yeBhayibheli.

Madain Salih

Madain Salih - idolobha ehlane elisemandleni 33 km enyakatho Medina. Kuyinto isayithi edume kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo bemivubukulo zombuso. City ekuqa- ubudala futhi inkathi entsha kwakubaluleke kakhulu. Wagijima ngokusebenzisa imizila nendlwana kusukela eningizimu Arabia eGibhithe, Syria, eYurophu nakwezinye izindawo waseByzantium. Udumo kuleli dolobha waletha omkhulu emathuneni itshe ezakhiwa phakathi 1. BC. e. futhi e-1. n. e.