Ama-frigate bird "Admiral Makarov". frigate 11356

Kusukela phakathi nawo XX leminyaka phakathi izinkantolo ephelele cishe zakho konke mabutho esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni lenyuke indima imikhumbi elincane. E-US, le mikhumbi ngokuthi wokugada kubabulali.

imikhumbi imisebenzi

Umsebenzi oyinhloko lezizitsha - isivikelo ngaphansi iphansana-speed ngohide ekuhlaselweni ngwenya. Ngakho-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nabangu waba umbhubhisi egcwele, y zikhiphe isivinini ngumbhubhisi ephansi, tonnage kancane futhi ukwakhiwa kwezikhali. Nokho, ngemva nokuthuthukisa ithekhnoloji, ukusetshenziswa enuzi izitshalo amandla, kwakunokwenzeka ukuba kakhulu ukwandisa ijubane ngwenya, okuholela patrol ngesivinini ezidingekayo. Ukuthuthukiswa anti-umkhumbi ezicitshwayo yafuna eqinisa izikhali anti-aircraft. Ngakho ekupheleni patrol isikebhe ngumbhubhisi ukuhlukanisa intengo kanye ukufuduka.

Umlando frigates design

Ngo-1960 kwanqunywa ukuba ebizayo imikhumbi emikhulu antisubmarine ngoxhaxha umphelelisi izikebhe entsha patrol. Naphezu aphansi ukwedlula BOD, ubukhulu imikhumbi bebehlome kungekhona ukuthi sezizimbi kakhulu. Kusukela ngo-1964, yaqala ukuthuthukisa kwiphrojekthi 1135 - i-frigate, okuyinto has a displacement ezingaphezu kwamathani amabili ayizinkulungwane. Ingalo imikhumbi kuhlelwe anti-missile "isiphepho esikhulu seqhwa" uhlelo, SAM "Osa-M" ka ezine-torpedo amashubhu, ababili double wezikhali izinhlelo AK-726 kanye izinhlelo RBU-6000. Futhi, umkhumbi waze kuhlelwe ukuba ifakwe yesimanje sonar uhlelo "Titan-2".

izinkinga True nazo ngesikhathi ukuhlola "Isivunguvungu Seqhwa" eyinkimbinkimbi incane kakhulu ibanga esiphezulu (6 km), waphoqeleka ukuba ziwushiye esivuna isikwele PU anti "isiphepho esikhulu seqhwa" uhlelo uhla km 50. Iqiniso-ke sekuvela ukuthi uhla eziphindaphindekayo eziningana, kusukela esiteshini "Titan-2" waba aphansi ukuthola ububanzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kabili inani torpedo amayunithi, izinhlelo anti-aircraft. enkantolo Project ifakwe towed sonar uhlelo "Vega". 1135 Project imithambo kuphindze kwakhulisa, ukufinyelela amathani 3.200. Kwehliswe enkantolo amanzi ngempumelelo ukufeza izabelo zabo. Ngokusetshenziswa igesi ophephela izinjini achazwayo isivinini ehloniphekile (32 ifindo) futhi bakwazi sokuqhuba amabanga kuze kube 4,000 amamayela.

Ihamba amaphrojekthi 1135 futhi ukuguqulwa wabo 1135M iphrojekthi efana amatilosi. Iminyaka engu-10, eyakhululwa 32 amaphrojekthi izikebhe 1135 futhi 1135M.

enkantolo True kwahluka ukushiyeka okungathi sína - abazange babe lendlu yebhanoyi indiza. Nge nokuthuthukisa ithekhnoloji mabutho eziningi ukucinga imisebenzi kanye ukuhlulwa ngwenya walala, ngaphezu ejenti omkhumbi, ku izindiza, ngemikhumbi.

Project 1155 futhi 11351

Ngenxa ukwethulwa kwe lendlu yebhanoyi indiza siye sabangela ukudalwa BOD Project 1155, lapho ukwakhiwa shipyards ezimbili Baltic babematasa. On the Kerch shipbuilding isitshalo eseqala ukuveza le olwesimanje Project 11351 onogada, okuyinto Kwakuhlelwe ukuba kudlule onogada basemngceleni.

Ukuba khona indiza ikuvumela ukusesha, umshushisi yokungicasula izitsha umngcele. Aklaba wadedelwa ukuze ihlanganise lendlu yebhanoyi. Kule ndaba, bemikhumbi bahlupheka umnsalo eyodwa AK-100. Ngenxa yalokho, inani SAM futhi isibhamu Babhokile a ubukhulu 100 mm iye aba nguhhafu. Ukuvikela imikhumbi ekuhlaseleni emoyeni esikebheni has a pair of ayisithupha barreled AK-32 osezingeni 630 mm. kanye sonar omusha. Njengengxenye imikhumbi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kohlaka iphrojekthi 11351, uhlelo radar "Angara" salandelwa zakamuva - "Fregat-M2".

Konke lokhu ukuvumele imikhumbi kuphrojekthi izitsha 11351 idlule kumaphrojekthi wangaphambilini.

ukuze Indian

Ngo ukuthuthukiswa engu-90 ngoxhaxha uye wacishe wama. Izitshalo obuzama ukusinda ngezithukuthuku oda ukuthekelisa. Waba nomlando omude wokubambisana phakathi Russia nase-Indian Navy, njalo esebenza nge bemikhumbi zaseSoviet kwempahla imikhumbi yasekhaya futhi wokubonisana abaklami Indian. India, okuholela entfutfukweni yabo, nentshisekelo ukuthekelisa okufana patrol isikebhe iphrojekthi 11351 - 11356 phrojekthi.

Ngisho e kusaqalwa Project 11356 frigates babe sihluke kakhulu 11351 iphrojekthi, kwaba ugqozi umklamo omusha. rocket RBU-6000 zimiselelwe PU "Uran" ukuvikela antiship. izimpawu Eminye zezikhathi Indian izifiso ikhasimende ukuba ngokuphelele ukushintsha ukubukeka kanye ukugxusha we-frigate.

Ngokungafani sibonelo,

Soviet umngcele onogada wasebenzisa imikhumbi 11351 project ngenhloso ukuqapha bese zisiza ukulwa nokuzingela okungekho emthethweni emanzini asogwini wase-USSR. Ngakho-ke, kwakukhona cishe akukho anti-umkhumbi izikhali.

ikhasimende Indian kwakudingeka umkhumbi enemisebenzi ezingamelana nezinselele ngophezu kwezitha. Yavela kanjalo-ke pr frigate. 11356 Cishe zonke izibhamu womkhumbi kwathathelwa indawo. SAM "Osa-M" esikhundleni selithi "Calm 1". Bavela PU Club antiship ezicitshwayo. Ingabe olusha wezikhali osezingeni naphakathi - kwakukhona isibhamu ukukhweza A-190E 100 mm ubukhulu.

AmaNdiya uthanda umsindo kwamanzi Humsa APSON uhlelo. Zonke frigates imishini iphethwe yi- uhlelo "imfuneko-ME".

umehluko omkhulu ube nokubukeka. pr frigate. 11356 has a ukubonakala ephansi radar. ukwakhiwa Deck, esekelwe nakho yezimpi kokudlule ezenziwe ngensimbi kunokuba aluminium. Aluminium yabonisa ukumelana kancane ukuze umlilo.

Ukufana ne-prototype

Kodwa sikebhe umkhumbi futhi iyunithi lisebenza M-7NE igcine lizinga eliphezulu ukufana ne-prototype yimpumelelo. Ukwandiswa imishini ukukhula izingalo nophethiloli izinqolobane, ukuvumela ukufinyelela ububanzi sokuntweza emoyeni 4500 amamayela, ukusunduza ukufuduka ngama-20% -. Ukuze 4035 m ngesivinini esiphezulu olwakheka frigate 11356, kwehla kusuka ifindo 32 kuya ku-30. Lokhu odabukisayo ukwanda umthamo.

Ukuthunyelwa oda

11356 frigate Okokuqala ethunywe entwasahlobo ka-2003, ngemva nje kwezinyanga ezintathu eyalwa ngomzuzwana, futhi ngo-2004 - eyesithathu. India waqala ukusebenza emikhunjini.

Nakuba ukuhlolwa wathola izinkinga elincane ukuhambisana ezithile izikhali izinhlelo, amakhasimende Indian akujabulele lokho okungase 11356 frigate.

Ukuze ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwezinhlelo zokuxhasa oda kuqala, kulandele isivumelwano ngaphezulu frigates ezintathu. Imikhumbi yayakhiwa a modified iphrojekthi 11356M. Manje umkhumbi ifakwe anti-umkhumbi ezicitshwayo Ultrafast "BraMos", ngokuhlanganyela lakhiwa ochwepheshe isiRashiya futhi Indian esikhundleni Club uhlelo. Ihamba iphrojekthi entsha ikhasimende etholwe 2012-2013. Ukulungisa 11356 frigates eNdiya ukhiqiza ohlangothini Russian.

frigates 11356R

Ngo-2010, kwaba khona kubekwa imikhumbi emithathu ngaphezulu. Manje-ke imikhumbi inkomba 11356R - I-izidingo Russian Black Sea Fleet. Ngo 2012-2013 lenziwe ngaphezulu 3 umkhumbi salolu chungechunge. frigate okusha ka 11356 design iyafana Indian, kodwa umehluko yezikhali. imishini Umkhumbi ekhiqizwa eRussia.

Ihamba yephrojekthi:

• "Admiral Grigorovich" (ekuqaleni 2010, uyahlolwa.);
• Project 11356 frigate "Admiral Essen" (eyasungulwa ngo-2011, uyahlolwa);
• "Admiral Makarov" (ekuqaleni 2012, umkhankaso ngo-2015);
• "Admiral Butakov" (Ngasekuqaleni kuka-2013);
• "Admiral Istomin" (Ngasekuqaleni kuka-2013);
• "Admiral Kornilov" (ekuqaleni 2014).

Ukuthunyelwa zokugcina imikhumbi emithathu ehlelelwe 2016.

Imikhumbi Kwakhiwa ngokushesha. Navy idinga imikhumbi ezifana frigates Project 11356. Airbase - iforamu lapho izici imikhumbi ihlaziye ngokuningiliziwe. Kukhona uya ochwepheshe futhi ukhathazekile.

Isiphetho wokugcina 3 izitsha ayaziwa ngenxa yokungabi bikho udizili ugesi abagibele pr frigate. 11356. Bakhandwa ekhiqizwa e-Ukraine. Uma frigate "Admiral Butakov" Project 11356 useduze umkhankaso, imikhumbi asele simisiwe. Kulindeleke ukuba esikhundleni saso kungene nozakwabo Russian ukuthi mukela ukulethwa iminyaka 1-2.

Enkhantolo kutsi amaphrojekthi 11356 futhi 22350, okuyinto zafakwa phambi Ukrainian igesi ophephela izinjini, maduze ifakwe nozakwabo waseRussia. Bona kunathi kwemigomo Ukrainian amandla izitshalo izikhathi eziningana.

Esikhathini ezintathu frigates lokuqala Project 11356 futhi Project 22350 wokuqala amabili kakade ukusetshenziswa GTD, wenza e-Ukraine. Esikhathini esizayo, inkantolo kokubili azokwenziwa ifakwe izinjini Russian.

Sebenza on ukuthuthukisa izinjini sekuqalile phezu amaphrojekthi akhona GTD. I izinjini wokuqala Russian okuhleliwe kufanele zikhululwe 2018.

"Makarov Admiral"

Ama-frigate bird "Admiral Makarov" Project 11356, okuyinto iyalelwe ukuba woLwandle Olumnyama, wethulwa ekuqaleni kuka-September ka kulo nyaka. WayeyiZwi yesithathu yemikhumbi lesithupha 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich," msebenzi uchungechunge ngezilingo ulwandle. Akakalenzi ilethwa. Mooring nokulingwa olwenziwa frigate "Admiral Essen".

Umkhumbi izindlela eziphumelelayo izingalo anti-SAM ngempumelelo libonise emoyeni.

izikhali

Antiship eziyinkimbinkimbi "Calibre-HK2. Wezikhali uhlelo A-190, okuvumela ukuba nomlilo ngaso ulwandle kanye nomoya Okuqondiwe. Air Defence System" Calm 1 "nge-radar isiyingi scan.

Inxanxathela ngwenya ekulweni siqukethe torpedo-gauge 533 mm ukulungiswa DTA-53-11356-2 futhi kokufaka ngamabhomu RBU-6000.

Njengoba izikhali ezisetshenziswa radar sonar "frigate-M2EM" ukuthola umkhondo ngwenya.

Ukuze operation nge ezinophephela emhlane ifakwe frigate pad lendlu yebhanoyi ukusuka kanye kokwehla. Lezi izikhali senze frigate "Admiral Makarov" Project 11356 amandla esesabekayo.

Ukuqhathaniswa 22350 iphrojekthi

Project 22350 luyasetshenziswa kanye nephrojekthi ukuqhathanisa 11356 frigates Project 11356 futhi 22350. Njengoba "Calm 1" uhlelo emoyeni ukuzivikela, esikhundleni labadubuli uhlelo has 3S14U1 futhi izakhiwo SAM "Poliment-Redoute." esikhundleni "Calibre-NK" wasebenzisa "Onyx" noma izakhiwo "Calibre-NCE" ukuvikela antiship. Lezi zingalo enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba asebentise frigate Project 11356 ngokumelene imikhumbi American.

imishini ASW frigates Project 22350 - kwethulwa izakhiwo "Imvukuzane 2". Ukwakhiwa kwezikhali umkhumbi uye washintsha. Esikhundleni isibhamu 100-mm entabeni Kwezwakala-190 A 130-mm-192, zokudubula 22 km. Kulokhu frigates Project 11356 futhi 22350 kuningi esifana - kokubili amaphrojekthi anemisila izikhali zanamuhla kakhulu.