Izinga lokungcoliswa komoya e Moscow

Inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia - ingenye yamadolobha enkulu emhlabeni. Yiqiniso, it has zonke izinkinga amadolobha. Chief phakathi kwabo - lena ukungcola komoya eMoscow. Inkinga uvele engaphezu kweyishumi edlule futhi iyovele ibhebhetheke unyaka ngamunye. Lokhu kungadala i-real man-made Inhlekelele yezindawo zemvelo.

Norm umoya ohlanzekile

Umoya yemvelo - inhlanganisela amagesi main zazo kubhekwe ukuba nitrogen ne-oxygen. ivolumu yabo 97-99% kuncike indawo kanye umfutho womoya. Futhi, nengcosana emoyeni iqukethe carbon dioxide, i-hydrogen, amagesi ezihloniphekayo, umhwamuko. ukwakhiwa okunjalo ubhekwa eliphezulu umsebenzi. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka kwegazi njalo yamagesi ngokwemvelo.

Kodwa imisebenzi womuntu nomthelela kakhulu ukushintshwa. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthinta nje endlini evaliwe ngaphandle izitshalo oyedwa amahora ambalwa Ungashintsha iphesenti umoya-mpilo, isikhutha, umhwamuko kuphela ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi kuzoba ukushaya futhi sakwazi ukuphefumula. Cabanga ukuthi kwakuyokwenzekani kube ukungcoliswa komoya e Moscow namuhla, lapho kukhona izigidi zabantu kuyiwe kwezinye izindawo izinkulungwane izimoto futhi usebenze izitshalo zezimboni ezinkulu?

I ezingcolisa main

Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa, iningi emakamu emkhathini ngaphezu kwedolobha kusuka phenol ne-carbon monoxide amagesi benzopyrene, formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxides. Ngakho-ke, okwandisa iphesenti lezi amagesi kufaka wokwehla lokuhlushwa i-oksijini. Njengamanje, singasho ukuthi izinga lokungcoliswa komoya eMoscow lidlule amazinga kuvunyelwe ngu izikhathi 1.5-2, kuba yingozi kakhulu izakhamuzi endaweni zabantu. Akwanele ukuthi awutholi i-oksijini eyanele badinga, ngakho ngaphezulu kanye anobuthi umzimba eziyingozi isisi esinobuthi umdlavuza, okuyinto abe lokuhlushwa omkhulu emoyeni eMoscow ngisho endlini.

Imithombo lokungcoliswa komoya e Moscow

Kungani-ke nge inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia minyaka yonke-ke kuba more kunzima ukuthatha ikhefu? Ngokocwaningo lwamuva, imbangela eyinhloko ukungcoliswa komoya kukhona izimoto eMoscow. Bagcwalisa inhlokodolobha kuwo wonke omkhulu futhi emgwaqweni omncane phezu izindlela nasemagcekeni ezakhiwo. 83% i-carbon monoxide emkhathini kungenxa ekusebenzeni yangaphakathi omlilo izinjini.

Ensimini ka-dolobha kukhona amabhizinisi ambalwa enkulu yezimboni, nakho uba umthombo ukungcoliswa komoya e Moscow. Nakuba iningi labo yesimanje yokuhlanza izinhlelo, umkhathi usathola amagesi ezisongela ukuphila.

Esesithathu umthombo elikhulu ezingcolisayo makhulu ezishisayo izitshalo amandla izitshalo kubhayela ukuthi ukusebenzisa ku nowoyela nophethiloli. Bona enothisa emoyeni Metropolis amaningi imikhiqizo amandla omlilo ezifana carbon monoxide nesikhutha amagesi.

Izici ezandisa lokuhlushwa izinto eziyingozi

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi inani amagesi ayingozi emoyeni dolobha Russian akuyona njalo futhi yonke indawo efanayo. Kunezici eziningana anomthelela uhlanzekile yayo noma ukungcoliswa ngaphezulu.

Ngokwezibalo, umuntu oyedwa eMoscow zaba mayelana 7 square metres isikhala oluhlaza. Kuyinto encane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amadolobha amakhulu. Kulezo zindawo lapho emakamu kuyinto amapaki okukhulu, emoyeni isala ihlanzeke kakhulu kunezinye yonke enye ingxenye yomuzi. Phakathi emoyeni sezulu esinamafu Awukwazi uqobo zihlanzwe, futhi umhlaba uya inqwaba amagesi ezibangela izikhalazo zabantu bendawo uzizwa kahle. umswakama high futhi agcina ngayo umhlaba kusukela amagesi, okubangela ukungcoliswa komoya e Moscow. Kodwa isimo sezulu nesithwathwa, kunalokho, okwazi ecacile okwesikhashana.

Izifunda okunobuthi kakhulu

Ngo esifundeni dolobha kubhekwa dirtiest South ezimbonini kanye South-East District. Ikakhulukazi umoya omubi Kapotnia, Lublin, Marino, Biryulyovo. Lapha kukhona izitshalo zezimboni ezinkulu.

Amazinga aphezulu ukungcoliswa komoya eMoscow ngqo maphakathi. Azikho izinkampani omkhulu, kodwa emakamu esikhulu kunazo zonke izimoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke khumbula edumile eMoscow isiminyaminya. Kuyinto kulezi imishini yenza amagesi ayingozi kakhulu ngoba injini ayisebenzi at zigcwele, namafutha akudingeki isikhathi zisishise siphele ukwakha i-carbon monoxide.

TPP futhi kakhulu abahlala engxenyeni ephakathi ye-Moscow. Bashisa nowoyela fuel, ekwandiseni umoya kuyafana carbon monoxide nesikhutha amagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, anika futhi carcinogens esiyingozi kakhulu ezithinta impilo Muscovites.

Umoya ohlanzekile eMoscow

Kukhona othile enhloko-dolobha kanye nezifunda kuqhathaniswa ehlanzekile lapho izinga lamagesi ayingozi iseduze evamile. Yiqiniso, izimoto umkhakha kancane kwashiywa lapha kunobufakazi negative, kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa izifunda zezimboni kukhona sasivumela kuhlanzeke futhi kube kusha. Ayisebenzi, kuba ezindaweni entshonalanga, ikakhulukazi etholakala ngaphandle eMoscow. Ngo Yasenevo, Teply Stan naseNyakatho Butovo uphefumule ngokuphepha. Engxenyeni esenyakatho yedolobha Ubuye ezindaweni ezimbalwa okulula esihle ukuphila okuvamile - kuyinto Mitino, Strogino futhi Krylatskoye. Ngo lonke ukungcoliswa komoya e Moscow namuhla kungenziwa ngokuthi eduze ezibucayi. Lena ekhathazayo ikakhulukazi ngoba isimo siya siba sibi njalo ngonyaka. Kukhona nokwesaba ukuthi maduze ngeke esaba khona ezindaweni lapho emoyeni ucishe ahlanzekile.

isifo

Ukungakwazi ukuphefumula evamile ebangela uhla emizweni ezingemnandi kanye nezifo ezingamahlala khona. Unozwela ngokukhethekile lokhu izingane nasebekhulile.

Ososayensi baye baphetha ngokuthi manje ukungcoliswa komoya e Moscow isibe isizathu khona eyodwa somoya ezinhlanu noma isici somoya. Izingane kuze kube ephindwe kahlanu ahlupheke yizifo ezinjenge-pneumonia, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, adenoids futhi polyp elingenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula.

I yokushodelwa umoya kubangela i-oksijini bokuhlukaniswa ubuchopho. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuthuthukisa ikhanda njalo migraines, ezingeni esincishisiwe okuhlushwa. Dangerous-carbon monoxide kubangela ukozela ukukhathala jikelele. Ngenxa yalokhu, ekuthuthukiseni senhliziyo isifo, isifo sikashukela, neurosis.

Ukuba khona amanani amakhulu uthuli emoyeni kuvimbela izihlungi yemvelo ekhaleni zonke ukubambezeleka yayo. Yena lingena emaphashini, is imali kuzo futhi kunciphisa ivolumu yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uthuli ingaqukatha izinto eziyingozi kakhulu, okuyinto buthelela ukuze umdlavuza.

Lapho Muscovites uhambe edolobheni noma ehlathini, ngaleso sikhatsi bafundza bacala inzululwane kanye migraine. Njengoba umzimba iphendula isamba esikhulu ngokungavamile yi-oksijini olunceleka egazini. Lokhu buyinto normal ikhombisa nomthelela wangempela lokungcoliswa komoya eMoscow empilweni yomuntu.

Ukulwela ukukhipha umoya uhlanzekile

Izazi minyaka Ngokutadisha ngokucophelela izimbangela, izici futhi amazinga lokungcoliswa komoya eMoscow. 2014 kuye kwabonisa ukuthi kukhona ukuthambekela uwohloke kuyilapho njalo uthatha izinyathelo ukunciphisa ukungcola ezilimazayo emoyeni.

Ngezinye izitshalo futhi izitshalo amandla ezishisayo efakwe nezihlungi ugcine imikhiqizo eyingozi kakhulu nemisebenzi yabo. Ukuze wehlise ukwakhiwa imoto ukugeleza entsha interchanges, amabhuloho nemihubhe. Ngakho ukuthi emoyeni isibe ihlanzeke kakhulu, njalo okwandisa izindawo eluhlaza. Ngoba akukho lutho uyazihlanza emkhathini, njengoba izihlahla. izinhlawulo ezamukelwe nezokuphatha. Ngenxa yokwephula exchange igesi kanye ukukhululwa esiningi amagesi ayingozi isamba esingu-abanikazi izimoto yangasese kanye amabhizinisi ezinkulu.

Noma kunjalo, imiphumela izibikezelo esidumazayo. Ngokushesha e Moscow, emoyeni okumsulwa ingavuthi untula, njengoba kakade kwenzekile kakhulu emadolobheni amakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Ukuze lokhu bekungenzeki kusasa, kubalulekile namuhla ukucabanga mayelana yini noma cha ukushiya imoto nge injini egijima isikhathi eside, kuyilapho usalindile othile emnyango.