Abrek - ubani lo? Ubani bamemeze, futhi lisho ukuthini leli gama?

Abrek elibizwa yamuka Intaba behlala ngaphandle amandla umthetho, siphila ukuphila onezimfihlo futhi ngezikhathi ukwenza kuphangwa okuzingela. ENorth Caucasus abantu abrek - uhlobo ekuthunjweni, okwenza leli cala ayesmhola Wandering kanye nengxenye ekuphileni okuzingela. Futhi kuthiwani lezi zinhlamvu iyalandisa? Ngokusho ezicatshangwayo, igama elithi "abrek" livela egameni Ossetic "abyraeg" noma "Abregov", okusho ukuthi "uzulane". Kamuva, isiqu esithi "abrek" zaziya waqonda njengendlela "Thug" futhi 'umphangi.'

ukukhohlisa etemibhalo

umphakathi Russian impela isikhathi eside sabuka Highlanders ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu a esankondlo ezithile. Kaningi kuba imisebenzi yezimbongi Russian kanye abalobi ziye zaba nomthelela ukudala izithombe enchanting we "abantwana ezintabeni", ezifana Kazbich Ismail Bey, futhi Hadji Murad. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, ukuhlukanisa olusankondlo ezingasho irrevocably uhambe la mavangeli. It salandelwa ezinzima temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba yangempela. Indlela nice futhi romantic ukubukeka zamahhashi kungekho amadoda ezintabeni, ezingqondweni abanye abantu, bahlala ngokwesaba nangokubheka ukwenqena ukubhekana nazo.

Incazelo ngaphandle romance

iziphathimandla zaseRussia eCaucasus kwadingeka abhekane abrekskim ukunyakaza. Kodwa ekuqaleni le XIX leminyaka Bronevsky encwadini yakhe yakudala "kwabaMhlophe" kakhulu kahle futhi evumelana echazwe isigebengu yezandla bezintaba. Wachaza indlela Chechens, abeke ukuphila kwakhe engozini siqu, awela Terek nezinsuku 2-3 elinde ukubonakala endleleni yomthengisi sinesizungu noma iphoyisa. Futhi besalindile, bamhlasela, iboshelwe log futhi ngaleyo ndlela zithutha ngokusebenzisa komhosha enamandla abanazo. Ngemva kwalokho kwaphuma ukuxhumana neziphathimandla noma eziseduze le umthunjwa efuna yesihlengo. Kaningi, ngoba eyisithunjwa zabo bakwazi ukusiza imali enhle. Futhi ngakho-ke salandelwa ngokoqobo izwi "abrek" Inani nge yayo nomdlandla ukuze ngokuqinile okuphambene.

imisuka esiyimbangela

Izazi-mlando zama ukuhlukanisa yonke izephula-mthetho amaqembu amabili. Ukwakheka ngowokuqala libhekene kanje: abrek - nguye ababedlala kanye ngokumelene inqubomgomo wamakoloni ka tsarism futhi babashayeli yayo. Isigaba sesibili sihlanganisa thugs evamile abathintekayo lomphangi Ukufika nokuphangwa kwempahla ukuze bazizuzise bona. Noma kunjalo, izindlela ezifanayo kanye Okokuqala, Okwesibili, uwafake belingana izigebengu. "Izigebengu Political" Cossacks Russian futhi amandla izephula-mthetho North County bakucabange.

Ngokwengxenye on okuzingela ukudoba Highlanders kwaphoqa yezizathu zezomnotho, ngoba ezintabeni kangakanani umsebenzi noma ukutshala, akusiyo isivuno esihle ukuze zikhule. Noma bophulwe nezinkomo zizalela umsebenzi. Nasethafeni, zase zikhishiwe. Lokhu kwaholela yokuthi amadoda ezintabeni alinge kokuhlasela ukuphanga kanye nokubamba inkunzi. Yamadwala akha yamatshe, okuyinto wafihla ongamazi intshontshiwe izinkomo. Nakuba ngisho umthetho zasendle ozalwa abanye: uma isikhathi ukushayela izinkomo ezebiwe noma imvu e umbhoshongo yakhe yavala amasango, ukuthi lezi zilwane iba ngeyakho.

Kusukela namthetho ukuze namthetho

Kusukela ekupheleni XIX leminyaka nezigameko eziningi Brigandage yaqala ukusakaza phezu Insimu Terek esifundeni, okuyinto wakhula waba nenkinga enkulu kunalokho sina. Ngokwesibonelo, i-1910 lenzeka 3650 ukuhlaselwa okuzingela ahlomile. bamba ngokungakhethi zezakhamuzi abacebile, izikhulu ekubhujisweni abaphathi, ukuhlaselwa isitimela, stagecoach, ku-Treasury kanye namabhange ukuze ezitolo kanye izitolo ne izimpahla, ukweba ehlelekile izinkomo namahhashi - kuphela abababalayo lwaqinisa kubantu ukuzethemba ukuthi abrek - ke okubi chaos, kusukela lapho cishe akukho ukuvikeleka. Kodwa akubona bonke zinjalo, futhi ngezansi sethula ukuqhathanisa kwabantu ababili, ababili inyumbazane emphakathini, futhi ukufinyelela kwesakho isiphetho esisekelwe.

Osman abrek Mutu (Groznenskiy District)

Osman ayengowesifazane Chechen emkhayeni ovelele, once eyaduma empini ngaphansi kobuholi Shamil. Umsebenzi lamasosha Isigodlo sihlubuki wayengenandaba Man. Watadisha e Grozny, futhi wafuna ukuba ngibe umhumushi ezinhle ukuba bangene umphakathi. Ukulahlekelwa abazali ophoqelelwe le nsizwa ukuba bayakhohlwa izifundo zabo bese ubuyela edolobhaneni lakubo bakule ndawo kakade anilamukelanga hhayi njengoba yakhe, kodwa njengophawu lokuthi "alien". Osman ngokulambisa okwenza siziphilise, kodwa ukwenza into ngokungemthetho wayengalokothi engqondweni yakhe.

Futhi lapho abaphathi wesifunda ngokuqondene ngobukelemu likhula futhi kaningi kuphangwa yafuna umaluju "amalungu ngonya" ngoba sekudingiselweni eSiberia ke abantu bendawo yokungathembeki awunika ukucekwa Osman futhi bonke labo kwakungekho muntu ukuba ingenele. Kusukela eSiberia indoda wabaleka, akacashi, wafika amandla isicelo ukuphenya iphutha. Ngenkathi inhloko endaweni wakhonza njengephayona Jikelele obukhulu. Yena ngokwethembeka wasondela udaba, ngihlole icala baqashelwa ngokomthetho Osman icala. Kodwa ukuze abantu bahlale ngokuthula futhi, abazange bamnike wonke umuntu kulelo dolobhana efanayo ngubani futhi ubhale wecala lakhe zamanga. Futhi eSiberia futhi aphunyuke. Kodwa lapho ebuyela ezweni lakubo, manje Mutu wanyamalala awayisa ezintabeni.

Chechen "Dubrovsky"

Ngakho, lalokho okucatshangwa okuhambisa ibinzana "abrek"? Lisho ukuthini igama elithi ngokuvamile kuhlangene kwamadoda asebukhosini, esimweni Osman Mutuevym. Yisisulu Senkulumo ukukhashelwa womuntu, u-Osman hhayi lukhuni umphefumulo hhayi athukuthele. indoda ekhaliphile futhi uthembekile - kulezi futhi uphethe wonke - isibe advocate for zonke ngokungabi nabulungisa ababephathwe kabi. Ngenxa yalesi wayehlale wamukelekile ngisho ngokuthi yisikhulu sabo. Futhi umndeni kuphela, kanye anyundele Osman namanje waqhubeka dlala kuye amandla, ukushaja kokubalula konke ababekwenza nezinye baphangi kuye. Osman wabulawa omunye shanela, eyayihlelwe iziphathimandla yokulahlwa ngokungafanele esilandelayo.

abrek Izimangalo

Amabanga entabeni eCaucasus ungabukela bangaphezi, ungenza izithombe oluyimfihlakalo kunalo lonke futhi emuhle. abrek, ukuvela kulesi ingemuva enhle, ngesinye isikhathi baphoqwa ukuba bayakhohlwa zonke isosha esihlatshelelwayo. Izimangalo - a ngokuphelele Osman. Wasinda ejele at izindleko abantu ukubulala eziningana, wangena baphangi. Izimangalo kwaba esifushane, nezikhwebu eziyizintshwamu ezincane, isisho uthukuthele ngobuso niwubone umzimba wakhe wonke, wayefana nenkawu.

Isici esiphawulekayo amacala akhe - esisabekayo, nesifiso sokufuna akanazwela futhi ukudaza ukubulala, ayenza ngezinye izikhathi ngisho rob izisulu zabo. abrek okunjalo - kwaba isilo womuntu. Izimangalo Besabe kakhulu futhi isiRashiya, futhi sabantu entabeni. Kwakungemnandi konke, kungakhathaliseki ubuzwe babo. Le ndoda-isilo zonke ukukhokha uhlobo ngisho ngesihluku ngaphezulu.

isiphetho

Igama ebizwe imihambima, angikuboni imithetho umphakathi, noma umane abafisa ukuphila ngaphandle-ke, ngazuza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umbala omubi. Abrekov wayemesaba. Kodwa kwezinye izindawo bathi abanye abantu bezalwa khona ukuhlala, abanye siguqulelwa izilwane. Mhlawumbe lokho akuyona izimo ezibangele, futhi amandla futhi ukuhlonipheka umoya?