Abantu abaningi ukukhumbula isikhathi lapho kwakungekho ezenzakalelayo eRussia

Abantu abaningi namuhla ukukhumbula isikhathi lapho kwakungekho ezenzakalelayo eRussia, t. Ukuze. Le nkathi kwaphawulwa eziningana izenzakalo ezingemnandi eziye zehlela zonke izakhamuzi zezwe lethu. Ngaleso sikhathi (ehlobo 1998) imali in ruble ngokuphazima kweso yehliswa kwenkathi ethile ayengaholelwa izimpesheni amaholo, waya ukuphelelwa yimali futhi lavalwa amabhizinisi amaningi namabhange.

Okuzenzakalelayo eRussia ngo-1998 kwabangelwa isibalo iziphi izici zangaphandle. Ikakhulukazi, izimakethe zezwe eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ingxenye crisis babevele 1997. Phakathi nale nkathi, lwemali Thai yabekwa lihlaselwa befisa nemave emhlaba, umphumela waba ukuthi leyo baht Thai uwile value kabili liqhathaniswa ne-dollar kanye stock market - 75%. Lesi simo saba inqwaba ukuzibophezela imiqulu enganele GDP. uthuthumele eqinile Eminye ezenzeka esikhathini iminotho Malaysia, Indonesia neNingizimu Korea. Lokhu, saholela ukuba inhloko-dolobha yiziphethu kusuka emazweni asathuthuka (ezihlanganisa Russian Federation) futhi ukuwa lezimpahla amanani.

Lapho kwakukhona okuzenzakalelayo eRussia, emakethe uwoyela babone engakaze ibonwe pre-ukwehla kwenani. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngo-1997 emgqonyeni angizisoli mayelana $ 19 aziwa, kuyilapho ngoMeyi, izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi ezenzakalelayo, intengo lehla azungeze $ 8. Izwe waba izibopho omkhulu wezizwe nabancane izinqolobane igolide. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezimali, uhulumeni waseRussia waphoqeleka ukulahla izibopho phezu izibopho, ukubolekisa okwakhiwa kuso ku uhlelo pyramidal (GKO, OFZ) futhi simemezele ezenzakalelayo ku-August 17.

Lapho kwakukhona okuzenzakalelayo eRussia, ohlelweni ezezimali nezomnotho umcimbi inhlekelele. Khona-ke saphela imisebenzi nge izibambiso kahulumeni, ezimakethe zamasheya, sabhidlika, amabhange wayeka kokukhipha imali. Ngemva baqhubeka nokusebenza nge GKO (isimo izikweletu zamanje) base walubeka isivuno ezingaphezu kuka 100%.

Buhle buni obungaba has ngenkinga yezimali ngo-Russia? Okuzenzakalelayo encishisiwe omkhiqizo wezwe lakithi ezingeni yeBelgium, siye saba okweletayo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni (amadola angamakhulu engaphezu kwemibili billion), mayelana 1.2 izindodla zezimali lemali Russian likhishwa kuya entshonalanga (cishe bungamakhilomitha amabhajethi yezwe ngaleso sikhathi). I umthelela wale nkinga sakhungathekiswa phakathi nehlobo elide eminyakeni eyisithupha.

Amaphutha asenza eneminyaka engu-ezenzakalelayo eRussia, abahlinzeke nakho olukhulu ukuqhubeka. Ezinye umfutho yazuza imboni yasekhaya, isb. Ngo. Of yezimpahla ezingena ngenxa ukukhula dollar isibe ezibizayo kakhulu sabantu. izimpahla Russian baba, kunalokho, kuba lula okuthekelisa, isb. Ukuze. Inani labo uwile kakhulu ngenxa ruble ezishibhile.

Kwenziwa eziphethweni eziqinisekile mayelana nenqubomgomo yezimali kahulumeni. Ikakhulu, i- izikweletu sangaphandle eRussia lezwakala njengoba 152 amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu ekupheleni 2013, lapho nezindaba isibopho zangaphandle azisizi mayelana $ 40 bhiliyoni, futhi zaba omningi walo izikweletu wase-USSR. Igolide futhi currency angaphandle izinqolobane yezwe (njengoba kuqhathaniswa 1998) kukhona ngokwanele ezinkulu, ilingana US $ 700 billion, akha a "isiguqo ukuphepha". Lezi zinyathelo uvumele emnothweni Russian ukuze ingaziki ngesikhathi kunezinkinga zamanje zembulunga yonke kwezomnotho.