Abantu abacebile kakhulu eMelika. Uhlu lwezinkulungwane zezigidi ngokusho komagazini iForbes

Njengoba wazi, i-America lizwe lamathuba amakhulu okuqhuba noma ukwandisa amabhizinisi ahlukahlukene. Akusho ukuthi kufanele ube namakhono athile nezimfanelo zabantu ezikuvumela ukuba ufinyelele ezingeni eliphakeme lempahla. Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi iningi lezigidigidi emhlabeni jikelele zihlala eNew World. Kulesi sihloko siyothola ukuthi yibaphi abantu abacebile kakhulu eMelika, abanakho nokuthi bafinyelele kanjani empumelelweni yabo.

Umndeni ocebile kakhulu

Ngokusho kukaForbes, ubukhosi baseWalton bucebile kakhulu e-United States. Isimo sakhe silinganiselwe ngesamba esingenakucatshangwa - $ 130 billion. Ibhizinisi lasungulwa ngo-1962 ngabazalwane uJames noSam. Bobabili baye bahamba ezweni elihlukile, futhi namuhla inzalo yabo ithuthukiswa izindlalifa zabo, okukhona abantu abayisithupha. Ukukhuluma ngokuqinile, imisebenzi yethimba isekelwe ekulawuleni okuphelele kwe-Wal-Mart yomthengisi omkhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

Ama-Koch Industries

UCharles Koch ungomunye umuntu ocebile kakhulu eMelika. Lo osomabhizinisi kanye nomphili wenkolo bazalwa ngoNovemba 1, 1935 eKansas, eU.SA. Unomzalwane ogama lakhe linguDavid Koch, yena kanye nabo abazuze njengefa ibhizinisi elikhulu kakhulu, kusukela ekukhiqizeni uphethiloli. Namuhla, inhlangano ephethwe nguCharles Koch, ngaphezu kwezimboni zamakhemikhali kanye ne-petroleum, igxila ekukhiqizeni ama polymers ahlukahlukene, ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo eziningi zemvelo kanye nokuzalana kwezinkomo. Ibhizinisi labafowethu liyizigidi ezingama-115 zamaRandi, uDavid Koch anayo u-$ 42.9 billion.

Owayengumongameli waseNew York

UMichael Bloomberg, owazalwa ngoFebhuwari 14, 1942 eBrighton, namuhla akayona nje isomabhizinisi ophumelelayo, kodwa futhi ungomunye wabantu abacebile kakhulu emhlabeni wethu omkhulu. Esikhathini kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2002 kuya kuDisemba 31, 2013, wahola ihhovisi likaMeya eNew York. Njengabantu abaningi baseMelika abacebile kakhulu, lo wesomabhizinisi uzalwa emndenini wamaJuda futhi unemfundo ehloniphekile (ephothule eHarvard Business School). UMichael Bloomberg ungumnikazi wezindaba ezihamba phambili zezindaba ze-Bloomberg. Umbuso wale Melika evelele uqukethe iziteshi ezehlukene zethelevishini, iziteshi zomsakazo kanye nenethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke yezindaba zezezimali. Enhliziyweni kaMikael impumelelo yakhe ikhono lokucabanga ngokushelela nangokushesha. Nguye owaqala ukuhlanganisa ukucaphuna kwangempela kwezingxenye zezimpahla ezenzeka ngesikhathi sangempela, ngokuhlaziya okuningiliziwe. Insizakalo enjalo yenza i-Bloomberg ibe ngandlela-thile ummeli wenkampani yolwazi emkhakheni wezezimali.

Esebenzisa isikhundla seMeya yaseNew York, uMichael wazimisela umholo wakhe ngezinga likadoli owodwa ngonyaka futhi washiya ngokuphelele izindlu zomphakathi, esebenzisa kuphela imali engenayo ebhizinisini. Kusukela ngo-2016, isimo saseBloomberg sasingaba ngu-R40 billion.

Isigidigidi

Uhlu oluthile oluthile lwama-billionaires lwalugcwaliswa yi-New York echwebeni likaMark Zuckerberg. Le polyglot ne-programmer evelele yazalwa ngo-1984 futhi kakade eneminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye wadala uhlelo lwakhe lokuqala lweZuckNet, olunikeza ithuba lokuxhumana nenethiwekhi yendawo kubo bonke abafowabo nabangane bakhe. Ngemva kwesikole, uMarku wafundiswa esikoleni sama-elite esikoleni sase-Phillips Exeter. Isimo sezezimali sikaMark Zuckerberg senyukile amafolda ambalwa emva kokuthuthukiswa kwenethiwekhi yokuxhumana ebizwa nge-Facebook. Ekuqaleni, kwakungenhloso yokwandisa amathuba okuxhumana phakathi kwabafundi baseHarvard, kodwa inethiwekhi yaqala ukwandisa ngokushesha, futhi esiteji esithile umfana waseMelika waqaphela ukuthi kwakuphuthumayo ukutshala imali enkulu kulo msebenzi othembisayo kuzo zonke izici. Ngakho waphuma esikoleni esiphakeme wabeka yonke imali yakhe engqondweni yakhe. Ngemva kwesikhashana, uMark wakwazi ukuheha abatshalizimali abacebile, ababenegalelo ekususweni kwenethiwekhi yokuxhumana nabantu kakade ezingeni lamazwe ngamazwe. Isimo sikaMark Zuckerberg ngoFebruwari 2016 sasingama-dollar ayizigidi ezingu-50. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le nsizwa ayikho indlela yokuphila ye-tusovka, ayivezi umcebo wayo wokubonisa, futhi iphila ngokujabula nomkayo, owaziyo kusukela ezinsukwini zakhe zabafundi, futhi eveza indodakazi encane okuthiwa uMax.

I-Mars Dynasty

Ngo-1911, i-Forrest Mars, iSr., yasungulwa inkampani ye-confectionery Mars. Namuhla, ilawulwa yizindlalifa ezintathu zomsunguli we-corporation. Ngendlela, namuhla uphawu lokuhweba alukhiqizi amaswidi owodwa kuphela, kodwa futhi nokudla kokudla okufana ne-Pedigree ne-Whiskas. Isilinganiso sokukhiqizwa kwenhlonipho yenkampani. I-candy eyodwa kuphela ebizwa ngokuthi i-M & M e-US ikhiqizwa nsuku zonke izingcezu zezigidi ezingu-400. Ngokuqondene nombuso womndeni, ngo-2016 kwakungamadola ayizinkulungwane ezingu-78.

Umnikazi wesitolo esikhulu kunazo zonke se-intanethi

I-American Jeff Bezos yinye isibonelo sokukwazi ukuhamba ngokushesha ezindleleni bese udweba iziphetho ezifanele empini yokuphumelela.

UJeff wazalwa ngoJanuwari 12, 1964 e-Albuquerque, eU.SA. Ngemuva kokuthola imfundo ephakeme ePrinceton University, i-billionaire ezayo yaqala ukusebenza ku-Fitel, ekhethekile ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zokuhweba eziphezulu kwi-stock exchange. Kodwa kakade ngo-1994 uJeff wazi kahle isibikezelo sokuhlaziya mayelana nokwanda kwezokuthengisa nge-intanethi futhi wazi ukuthi iyiphi indlela okufanele asebenze ngayo. Kusukela ngo-2000, uMelika unikeze ezinye zezimali zakhe kwiprojekthi okuthiwa i-Blue Origin, ehlanganisa ukuqaliswa kwemikhumbi yezindiza ibe yi-orbit esemhlabeni.

Ngo-2013, ibhizinisi lamabhizinisi lithenge enye yezindawo ezidume kakhulu zokushicilela - IWashington Post. Kulesi sabelo uJeff wasebenzisa u-$ 250 million.

Namuhla uJeff Bezo ungumsunguli futhi ungumnikazi wesitolo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, esaziwa njenge-Amazon. I-billionaire inamathele kulokho okushiwo ukuthi "iklayenti ihlale ilungile", futhi ngokuphathelene nalabo abangaphansi kwabo kubonakala ngokugxeka, omunye angase athi, pickiness. Ngokusho kwedatha ekuqaleni kuka-2017, iBezos inezinkulungwane ezingama-71.2 zamaRandi.

Inhloko ye-Oracle Corporation

U-Lawrence Ellison ungomabhizinisi ovelele waseMelika owaziwa ngokuzikhandla kwakhe, ukukhukhumeza nokukhukhumeza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi umnikelo wakhe obalulekile ekuthuthukiseni isofthiwe yesimanje.

I-billionaire yesikhathi esizayo yazalwa ngo-Agasti 1944 eBronx. Ebhekene nokukhula kwakhe, uLawrence wayeyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi emele, ngakho-ke wayevame ukuphikisana nobaba wakhe omtholayo, owayebheka ukuthi ulahlekile ngokuphelele futhi uyisiphukuphuku esiphelele empilweni. Ngemva kwesikole, uLarry waba umfundi eNyuvesi yase-Illinois, ongakaze aphumelele. Ngemva kwesikhashana futhi waba umfundi, kodwa kakade iYunivesithi yaseChicago, lapho exoshwa khona kakade ngonyaka wokuqala wokuqeqesha.

Kodwa nokho umfana wayehloselwe ukuphumelela. Wayenekhono lokuthola ngokugcwele ukwaziswa okusha futhi ngokushesha waba umlimi. Futhi ngo-1970 waba ngumsunguli we-Oracle, okhona kuze kube namuhla futhi uletha izigidigidi zenzuzo kumnikazi wayo. Ngisho noma kunjalo, abantu abacebile kakhulu baseMelika baqonda ukuthi kwakukhona ikusasa lobuchwepheshe bekhompuyutha, ngakho-ke u-Ellison wayenezimbangi eziningi, njenge-SAP ne-Microsoft. Lokhu kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi ngo-1990 inkampani yaseMelika yayiseceleni kokuqedwa okuphelele. Noma kunjalo, akazange aphelelwe yinkinga futhi wathatha izinyathelo ezinzima kakhulu: waxosha abaphathi bakhe abaningi, futhi yena ngokwakhe waba umlimi wezinhlelo zokusebenza, wenza ngcono izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuphatha imininingwane yolwazi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uLarry wayefuna kakhulu abaphathi bakhe. Enkampanini yakhe, yonke iminyango iphikisana phakathi kwabo, ukuphikisana phakathi kwabasebenzi kwakhuthazwa, futhi ukuhamba komsebenzi kwakunjalo ukuthi i-vice-mongameli wenkampani ithathe umfazi wentombazane ehlangana naye, ngoba wayeqonda ngokucacile: wayengeke abe nesikhathi sokubheka enye indodakazi yenhliziyo uma ehlukana Ngalesi.

Ukungqubuzana nabompikiswano

Umphikisi oyinhloko ezweni lebhizinisi le-Oracle yi-Microsoft Corporation. Futhi ukubhekana kwabo sekufinyelele ngisho nasesimweni somuntu siqu. Ngakho-ke, uLarry wagibela endizeni yakhe phezu kwendlu kaGates endizeni yesikhashana futhi wayevame ukugxeka umphikisi, ammangalele ngokungabi nalutho. Noma kunjalo, u-Ellison akazange akwazi ukuzungeza iGates enkambeni yabantu abacebile, ngisho nokucabangela iqiniso lokuthi unqobe icala elivela kuye futhi wathola u-$ 5 billion.

Isimali-zimali esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni

U-Buffett Warren, onobuhle obulinganiselwa ku-65.5 billion dollar ngoFebhuwari 2017, ubizwa ngokuthi uMboni ngokukwazi kwakhe ukubala ngokugcwele izimo ezihlukahlukene kanye nokutshalwa kwemali kusengaphambili.

Umgidi wezigidi wazalwa eNebraska ngo-1930 futhi eneminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye waqala ukubuyisela intela yakhe yokuqala. Ukuphumelela kokuqala kwezimali kweMelika kwakuyizigidi ezingu-10 000 futhi kwenziwa ngokufaka ama-slot imishini e-salon hairressress salons. Isisekelo sebhizinisi likaWarren yiBerkshire Hathaway, eyathola ngo-1965.

I-Education Buffett yamukelwa ezindongeni zase- Columbia University ngaphansi kobuholi bukaBenjamin Graham. Esikhathini sakhe, uWarren unamathele esimisweni sokutshala izimali zesikhathi eside, okungukuthi, ubunikazi bezenzo zenkampani, ngokombono wakhe, kufanele kuhlale okungenani iminyaka eyi-10. Umuntu osomabhizinisi uyaziwa ngokuphana kwakhe ezisekelweni zokusiza. Ehlobo lika-2010, wanikela ngamaphesenti angu-50 ezimali zakhe ezikhungweni ezinhlanu ezinjalo. Lesi senzo sisacatshangelwa ukuthi sibonisa ukuphana okukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni wonke emhlabeni wonke emlandweni wokuba khona komhlanga wethu wesintu.

UBuffett wayenenkinga enkulu yezempilo. Ngentwasahlobo ka-2012 watholakala enesifo somdlavuza we-prostate, kodwa lesi sifo sasiqhathaniswa ekuqaleni, kanti umgidi wezigidi esivela ekufeni wasondela wanikeza inkambo ye-radiotherapy ngesikhathi.

Umuntu ocebile kakhulu emhlabeni ka-2015

UBill Gates (USA) kusukela ngo-1996 kuya ku-2007, futhi ngo-2009 no-2015, waqashelwa ngokomthetho njengendoda ecebile kakhulu emhlabeni. Lo wesilisa wazalwa ngo-1955 futhi wadumala hhayi kuphela ngenxa yengcebo yakhe, kodwa nakwezinye izigidigidi ukunikeza isigamu sempango yabo ekusizeni.

Okumangalisa ukuthi i-computer yengqondo yesikhathi esizayo yaxoshwa eyunivesithi ngemva kweminyaka emibili eqala izifundo zayo lapho. Umlingani oyinhloko webhizinisi likaGates ungumngane wakhe uPaul Allen, owaqala ukubhekana nezindaba zobuchwepheshe kuphela. UBill ngokwakhe uthathe izinyathelo zokuxoxisana, ukuxhumana namakhasimende nokubhalisa izinkontileka. Ngo-1976, abasebancane baseMelika badalwa yilo lonke elaziwa yi-Microsoft, lapho ama-64% wamasheya ayengamaGates.

Ngendlela, naphezu kwedumela lomuntu owanele futhi ozolile, uBill wakhe wokuphila waboshwa kathathu ngokushayela ngaphandle kwamaphepha kanye nesimo sokudakwa.

Amanye amaqiniso nge-billionaire

Kuze kube manje, i-Gates isuse ngokuphelele igunya lekhanda le-corporation, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ngumnikazi omkhulu wezabelo zayo. Futhi, i-billionaire ilula kakhulu empilweni yakhe yansuku zonke futhi igqoke kakhulu unobtrusively. Kodwa-ke, indawo yakhe yokuhlala iyisakhiwo esiphezulu sezinto ezihlaba umxhwele izivakashi ngezingqikithi zayo zobuchwepheshe.

AmaGates ayakuthanda izincwadi futhi azifunda ngeziqephu ezingu-50 ngonyaka. Ekuhloniphekeni kwakhe kwabizwa nangokuthi i-fly - Eristalis gatei. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-American inesiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke seRiphabhlikhi yaseBelize.

I-Forbes Isilinganiso

Ngokomagazini ophrintiwe wokuphrinta weForbes, ekuqaleni kuka-2017 uhlu lwamabhiliyoni. Kuyo, izigidigidi zeMelika eziyinhloko zibalwa ngezihlobo ngokuphathelene nomcebo wazo. Uhlu lulandelayo:

1. Bill Gates.
2. UWarren Buffett.
3. Jeff Bezos.
4. Mark Zuckerberg.
5. Larry Ellison.
6. UDavid Koch.
7. UKoch Charles.
8. Michael Bloomberg.
9. Larry Page.
10. UJim Walton.

Isiphetho

Ekuphetheni, ngingathanda ukuphawula ukuthi abantu abacebile kakhulu eMelika abafundile kuphela, kodwa futhi banenjongo, bavuthiwe, bazimele kuzo zonke izici, abangesabi ngesikhathi esifanele sokuphikisana nomphakathi obazungezile nabo, Izinhlobonhlobo zokwesaba nokungaqiniseki. Eziningi zazo ziyizigidi eziyinkulungwane ngenxa yobukhokho babo, kodwa ikhono lokugcina imali kuphela, kodwa nokwandisa kusenza sihloniphe la mabhizinisi ebhizinisi futhi siwazise izimfanelo zabo zebhizinisi.