A osenyameni isikhashana esinqunyiwe ukwahlukanisa: inqubo nesenzakalo sokukhishwa esinqunyiwe

A osenyameni ngokwengxenye kuyinto osenyameni kagesi ezenzeka ingxenye encane ukwahlukanisa lapho amandla kagesi emkhakheni idlula amandla ukuhlukaniswa into. Lesi simo singenzeka kunoma imigodi ngaphakathi ukwahlukanisa eqinile yendwangu nangokuvikela ngaphakathi Bubbles igesi ukwahlukanisa ketshezi.

Izimbangela esithweni esinqunyiwe

Ngokwe-definition ezamukelwe ngu namazinga omhlaba, ibizwa ngokuthi osenyameni olungaphelele ukudedelwa kagesi endaweni ekuvaleni ukwahlukanisa ngengxenye ehlukile isakhiwo.

Le nqubo kwenzeka ngenxa ionization gas noma Kwe-dielectric Heating liquid kungenzeka ekusebenzisaneni phakathi kwabezindaba emibili ngaphakathi ukwahlukanisa. Ukuvela nokuthuthukiswa lincike ohlotsheni izici Kwe-dielectric Heating takhi into lokwehlukaniswa. esithweni kwengxenye kule ukwahlukanisa kukhona umphumela we khona inhomogeneities e isakhiwo kanye nezici Kwe-dielectric Heating we voltage siphile ngokuvumelana nalo. inhomogeneities enjalo ingase ibe ukungcola ahlukahlukene nokungcola, igesi izimbobo emazinyweni, zone moistening. ukukhubazeka okunjalo akhiwa isakhiwo ukwahlukanisa, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuphazamiseka yenqubo ukwakhiwa yayo futhi ngesikhathi ukusebenza kwe-imishini (ngaphansi kwethonya ukucindezeleka mechanical, ubunzima, vibration).

Yini treeing kanye ukubunjwa yabo isakhiwo impahla nangokuvikela

I impahla nangokuvikela kwakhiwa khona kukhona isakhiwo umgodi isihlahla - treeing. Amagatsha ukuthuthukisa treeing esithweni esinqunyiwe. Ngaphansi kwethonya i kagesi emkhakheni nokuphuma esithweni sobulili treeing ukwanda ngobukhulu kanye nobungako, kanjalo ngcono ngezinga elithile nokucekelwa phansi impahla polymeric. I dendrites une-conductivity anda futhi kungaholela ekubhujisweni kancane kancane Kwe-dielectric Heating.

Njengoba okuvela a osenyameni esinqunyiwe in the medium gaseous kudinga voltage ngaphansana ukuthi nomphumela ofanayo endabeni angaphandle okuluketshezi noma okuqinile, khona ukukhubazeka okunjalo ku ukwahlukanisa zingaba imbangela kungenzeka iningi ukuqala ukwa material. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-isikhoxe esigcwele nge gas, amandla kagesi inkambu kunaleyo ingxenye okuqinile noma uketshezi futhi amandla Kwe-dielectric Heating medium gaseous inenani elingaphansi kunamanye ukwahlukanisa ingxenyenamba.

izinhlobo treeing

Kagesi treeing umsuka kwakhiwa lapho zizwa AC ishayela voltage, kanye namagugu awo eliphezulu kakhulu. Ngo kokuhlinzwa, lezi zinqubo imishini musa abangele ukuwohloka ngokushesha ukwahlukanisa, kodwa ungakwazi avuse ionization igesi e isandla semfene. Uma isakhiwo okokusebenza hhayi ngokwanele ezinkulu usayizi izimbotshana, dendrites angakhula ngesikhashana eside.

Ukuba khona Bubbles of usayizi anda kuholela esithweni ngokwengxenye ngesikhatsi operation ikhebula at voltage esinesilinganiso.

Amanzi treeing kwakhiwa nabo umswakama ngaphakathi ukwahlukanisa ngu okusheshayo ngokusebenzisa noma microcracks asendabeni.

Uma umswakama ukufingqa ku inclusions, akhiwa dendrites, okwathi ngemva kwalokho babuyela ziqala ukwakheka yabo okusheshayo nokukhula ngenxa ukubukeka voids ezengeziwe. Lokhu kuholela ukwehla amandla Kwe-dielectric Heating nokwaphuka ikhebula.

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu lingcole engayodwa zihlanganisa kokubili ukuguga kagesi ngenxa yokucucuza ngokwengxenye okwenzeka inclusions overvoltage e okuzisholo yokusebenza mode, nokushwabana ezishisayo material.

Ngaphansi kwethonya ngokwengxenye osenyameni nqubo iqale ukwahlukanisa ukwehluleka, ubukhulu endaweni ethintekile iyakhula.

NeMibandela okuvela esithweni ngokwengxenye kuxhomeke ukuma kagesi emkhakheni ekuvikeleni isakhiwo kanye izakhiwo kagesi ikakhulukazi impahla core.

esithweni kwengxenye musa evamile eziholela ngokusebenzisa ukwahlukanisa ukuwohloka, kodwa zibangela ushintsho esimweni isakhiwo Kwe-dielectric Heating, futhi uhlelo lokusebenza ngokwanele eside kungase kubangele ukubhidlika ngokusebenzisa ungqimba ukwahlukanisa. Umbala wawo uhlale kubonisa Kwe-dielectric Heating inhomogeneities wendawo. Izici PD okuhle ngokwanele ukuvumela ukuba sahlulele degree of ukungapheleli isakhiwo olubamba ukushisa.

Ingozi embi kunazo zonke bethule imishini AC uhlanganise voltage.

imihlola Physical ohambisana esithweni ngokwengxenye todvwa

Okweqile kuholela ukwahlukanisa ukusheshisa kokubhujiswa kwalo ngokwandisa inani lamaphuzu lapho kukhona ukukhubazeka entsha okuholela ukwanda kwenani kanye ivolumu dendrites. Lokhu kuholela ekwandeni imimoya endaweni yasendle.

I ngokwengxenye osenyameni kagesi ine phezu ezishisayo ukwahlukanisa umphumela, alibulale izinhlayiya zayo icala kanye nemikhiqizo amakhemikhali asebenzayo kwakhiwa ngenxa yokugobhoza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, khulula ngokwengxenye kubangela okuvela ubunjalo pulsed we imisinga adalwe nabo iziteshi. Lapho bonke ukuwohloka kuhambisana emisebeni kagesi, amagagasi ukushaqeka, ukukhanya kwawo, ukhanya kanye nokwahlukana ukwahlukanisa on ezingeni yamangqamuzana ezinto eziphilayo.

esithweni kwengxenye izimbangela eziyinhloko lomonakalo omkhulu imishini voltage. Isizathu siwukuthi ukubukeka esithweni isikhashana esinqunyiwe esigabeni sokuqala ukuthuthukiswa kakhulu yokulimala ukwahlukanisa ephezulu voltage.

Ngenxa yalokho lezi zinqubo, izimo okuvela ukwahlukanisa ukuphuka.

osenyameni esiteji

Lapho esingeqile kombundu zihlala zinamandla athile isethelwe ikakhulukazi ekuvikeleni impahla, ingase iqalwa esithweni ngokwengxenye lapho akuvezi ngokushesha ezishile-ukwahlukanisa, futhi ngenxa yalokho ngeke amukeleke ngempela. Zibizwa ngokuthi ama - kokuqala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho ukhulisa voltage, okwandisa ubukhulu kanye nenani inclusions, phakathi treeing ngesikhathi operation okuqhubekayo of imishini, okuholela waba ukwanda okukhulu le khulula esinqunyiwe. Umbala wawo kakhulu kunciphisa ukuphila eshalofini yokuba umtshingo ubethwa ngubani kungaholela kwehlukaniswa kwako. Lezi izingcezu abizwa ngokuthi ezibucayi.

Effect izingcezu in isakhiwo imishini

Omunye izakhi eziyinhloko isakhi transformers nemishini kagesi iyona ukwahlukanisa we Windings. It njalo wadalula izici elimazayo efana: nemiphumela ezishisayo ngenxa isikhathi eside ukuvuza imisinga; isixwayisi umthwalo ngenxa ukusebenza kwe-circuit kazibuthe (transformer) kanye drive indlela (for izimoto kagesi); imithelela ukugeleza inrush amanje nawesikhathi iDemo wesifunda imisinga.

Zonke lezi zici kuholele kulimaze kuya ukwahlukanisa kanye ukubukeka esithweni esinqunyiwe. Ukuze izimoto kagesi yimbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu ukuhluleka, futhi endaweni yesibili ngemva kokufaka ezilimele ukwehluleka transformer ngenxa ukulimala ukwahlukanisa emazombezombe.

Edinga nesilinganiso esithweni

izinqubo Ukumeda ezenzeka phakathi esithweni esinqunyiwe kwenzeka kuyadingeka ukuze ukwazi ukuvimbela ukwahlukanisa ukuwohloka futhi ukwehla esiphezulu ngamandla e izinto nangokuvikela.

Mayelana nokusetshenziswa XLPE amakhebuli kagesi e takhiwo imishini amandla, ephezulu voltage transformers, imigqa emkhathini wezulu, ithi kudingeka bahlale ukugcina ukulawula PD, ezithinta ukuphepha nokusebenza kwabo.

Ukuvimbela ukwahlukanisa ukuwohloka nezindlela zokuhlola

Kuyadingeka ukuba ahlole isimo impahla nangokuvikela ngesikhathi ukusebenza ukuthola ukwa asathuthuka futhi kuvimbele ukwehluleka ngephutha ngenxa yokucucuza ngokwengxenye imishini.

Ukuze ulawule degree of ukwahlukanisa ukukhubazeka, kukhona imishini ephezulu voltage:

• High voltage test, okulingana ngobukhulu izithelo zawo kungenzeka ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa. Kuyadingeka ukucacisa Kwe-dielectric Heating amandla amagugu lapho ukwanda lezivakashi e voltage.
• izindlela Non-elimazayo test sokunquma nesikhathi ukuxhashazwa yayo kwalezi zinsiza.

Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukuqhuba ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe ku imishini akukhuthalele ngaphandle kokubonisa art yesevisi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, exclusion zezimali ezidingekayo.

Ekhona PD izindlela zokuxilonga kungathola isici kusaqalwa sokuthuthuka, futhi kanjalo, ukuvimbela ukulungiswa zibiza kangakanani noma imishini okuyiphutha.

Ezinye izindlela avumele ukuba kube okwasekhaya kuleyo ndawo isici kulo, futhi iyoba indaba ukulungisa kuphela izingxenye ezilimele we ukwahlukanisa.

Lapho imishini ukuhlolwa high voltage, izinga ukwahlukanisa liwohloka ngenxa umthelela ukucindezeleka esingeqile izikhathi eziningana amagugu yokusebenza.

izindlela zokuxilonga uzingela osenyameni ngokwengxenye ivumela Ukulinganiswa inembe kakhulu kunazo zonke degree bokungasetshenziswa nekusebenta imishini ngaphandle ezikhandla izenzo kubhujiswa ukwahlukanisa. Ukuxilongwa PD ekuqhubeni ukulahlekelwa ukuthi ngokuvamile elizungeza into okumele zihlolwe kuyinto nezinye izinto ungumthombo ukuphazamiseka. Lezi zimpawu zingase zingabi ezahlukene kwemigomo amasignali into oyifunayo njengoba kungase kwenzeke esithweni ngokwengxenye kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, ekwehlukaniseni amasignali kwaphazamiseka futhi kulinganiswa osenyameni esinqunyiwe, umuntu kufanele aqale ulinganise amasignali ukuphazamiseka ngaphandle amandla phezu into yokuhlola, bese enze nesilinganiso kuyo msebenzi.

Kulokhu amasignali uzobe lemali sokukhishwa esinqunyiwe kanye nesizinda eqoshiwe.

Umehluko phakathi ngemiphumela yalezi izilinganiso ukukhombisa ngokwengxenye isignali osenyameni value.

Isici etholwe ivumela ukuhlola ubunjalo zikhubazeke futhi zibe ukudedelwa uqobo.

PD indlela ngeke kuyilimaze ukwahlukanisa futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi ngoba ingabe ukusebenzisa zinamandla ephakeme, ibe nomphumela ongemuhle ukwahlukanisa e inqubo yokuqinisekisa.

Electric osenyameni indlela

Indlela kudinga khona oxhumana yokulinganisa amadivayisi nge ukwahlukanisa.

Kuvumela ukuchaza inombolo enkulu ngokwengxenye osenyameni izici.

Lona olunembile kunazo zonke izindlela sokulinganisa esithweni esinqunyiwe.

Acoustic ukuthola indlela

Le ndlela isekelwe ukusetshenziswa microphone othola amasignali umsindo imishini yokusebenza.

Izinzwa elifakwe switchgear eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinye izinto amandla ukusebenza ukude.

Ububi: esithweni ngokwengxenye ukolweni omncane kungukuthi isilungisiwe.

indlela kagesi noma esikude

Ukuthola sokukhishwa ngokwengxenye usebenzisa indlela ye-microwave amaza kuyinqubo elula nephumelelayo. Ngenxa yale njongo directivity kudivayisi lukamakhalekhukhwini.

Ububi le ndlela - ukungakwazi ukukala amagugu izingcezu.

Ngokucacile of esithweni e transformers

Inamandla amandla transformers kukhona izingcezu grids ndawo yalo isethelwe okusezingeni eliphezulu imishini voltage, lapho esithweni esinqunyiwe esingaba khona. Amasignali kusuka lezi izindlela ezihlukahlukene ufike esikhumulweni transformer elawulwa.

Uma exhunywe kwi imigqa transformer phezulu obala Umbani, imiyalezo evela kubo uzorekhodwa nesilinganiso izici ukudedelwa isikhashana esinqunyiwe ukwahlukanisa transformer.

Lapho lokuthola transformer ezincane endaweni evulekile, ku izingxenye zalo zangaphandle conductive kukhona ngezikhathi ezithile, kuye ngokuthi lokushisa, umswakama kanye nezinye izizathu, esithweni corona zenzeka.

Ukushintsha umthwalo futhi khona transformers amadivayisi alawule imingcele yabo ngesikhathi operation, isibonelo, amadivaysi elawula umthwalo umsebenzi kubangela ushintsho ngokwengxenye osenyameni izici, okungase ukunciphisa noma ukunyusa.

Zonke lezi zici kuholele yokuthi eziningi izilinganiso ku transformers ongabonisa isithombe osontekile isimo ukwahlukanisa.

Ukufundwa ithathwe isivivinyo transformer ngeke kuyendlulela pulses kunomsindo wemishini eseduze.

Ezimweni ezinjalo kubalulekile ukusebenzisa uqondanise kahle nesilinganiso indlela ukuqeda ithonya umsindo phezu idatha etholwe esithweni isikhashana esinqunyiwe transformers.