8 Mashi. Umlando weholide

Bonke abesifazane bezwe lakithi bahlale bekulindele le ntwasahlobo kanye neholidi eliqhakazile elibizwa ngokuthi uMashi 8. Umlando wemvelaphi wawo cishe uyaziwa abaningi. Kusukela ebuntwaneni sesijwayele ukuzwa ukuthi emcimbini ngo-Mashi 8 sinezibalo ezimbili zomlando: amakomunisi K. Tzetkin no R. Luxemburg. Futhi ingabe kunjalo ngempela? Ake sizame ukuqonda. Ngawo-1857, ngalolo suku, amakhulu abasebenzi abasebenza emafenjini edolobheni laseNew York bafuna ukunciphisa ubude bosuku lokusebenza (okuyinto, endleleni, eyafinyelela kumahora angu-16!), Ukwandisa imiholo ngokuhambisana namadoda, ngoba umholo wabo wawuhluke kakhulu kulokho Amadoda atholakele, kanye nokuthuthukisa izimo zokusebenza ezinganele. Ngemuva kwezinkulumo, usuku lokusebenza lwanciphisa amahora angu-10 futhi okokuqala ngqa izinyunyana zabasebenzi besifazane zaqalwa.

8 Mashi. Umlando wesenzakalo

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, i-Social Democratic Party e-New York City yabamba iqhaza ngoMashi 8, 1908, lapho kwenziwa khona izingcingo zokulingana kwabesifazane nabesilisa, ekunciphiseni usuku lokusebenza, ukukhulisa inkokhelo nokunikeza amandla. Abesifazane abangaba ngu-15 000 bathatha emigwaqweni yomuzi ngalolo suku, futhi ngo-1909 wabizwa ngokuthi usuku lwesizwe besifazane e-United States, owagubha kuze kube ngo-1913 ngeSonto lokugcina ngoFebhuwari.

Mayelana neholidi ngo-Mashi 8 umlando utshela futhi nolwazi oluthakazelisayo. Ngo-1910, ngo-Agasti 27 eCopenhagen, kwaqhutshwa ingqungquthela, ehlelwe abesifazane-socialists. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakukhona umhlangano wama-Socialists aseMelika noClara Zetkin, owahlongozwa ukukhetha usuku lapho ubulili besifazane bekungaba mahhala ukumemezela amalungelo akhe kanye nezidingo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuhamba nemigubho. Futhi ngo-March 19, 1911, e-Austria, eJalimane, eSwitzerland naseDenmark, abesifazane babegubha usuku lwabo, nakuba ngo-1912 laligubha ngoMeyi, ngo-12. Kusukela ngo-1913, abesifazane emazweni amaningi baye baqala ukubiza amalungelo abo ngezinsuku ezahlukene, abazikhethela bona.

Mayelana neholidi ngo-Mashi 8, umlando uqukethe amanye amaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo. Isibonelo, ngo-1914, emazweni ayisithupha, kuhlanganise neRussia, ngoMashi 8 izinkulungwane zabesifazane bahlanganyela ekugubheni usuku lwabo. Emazweni amaningi, inqubo yokuqaphela abesifazane njengabantu ngabanye yaqala. Amadoda ayesaba kakhulu ukunikeza amanye amalungelo "engxenyeni efanele". Emazweni aseScandinavia waze waqala ukunikeza ilungelo lokuvota. Inqubo iqalile. Abesifazane babengasakwazi ukuhlala ekhaya futhi baqala ukuzibandakanya emphakathini.

Usuku luka-Mashi 8 (umlando walo eRussia ucebile kakhulu), wamukelwa ngamandla eRussia. Ngo- Ephreli , ngo-Mashi 8, 1917 edolobheni lasePetrograd, abasebenzi bezembatho ezivela emaphandleni babika isiteleka base behamba emigwaqweni yenhloko-dolobha yaseRussia. Baya eDolobheni iDuma ngezidingo zokuqothulwa kwe-tsar, bahlose ukuthola amalungelo afanayo namadoda. Lolu suku luqala ukuguqulwa kukaFebruwari, futhi ngo-1921 iMhlangano yamaKhomanisi yamaKhomanisi, owesibili) yasungula umkhosi ngoMashi 8, njengosuku lowesifazane, ekukhunjweni kokuqala kwe-chaos kaFebhuwari.

Ekhuluma ngoSuku luka-Mashi 8, umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwawo eRussia Soviet emva kuka-1920 uye wazishintsha kakhulu. Ngokuphathelene nosuku lwabesifazane, ngesizathu esithile, baqaphele ngokuphepha, ngoba kwakudingeka ukuphoqelela amanye ama-ideological principles. Amantombazane amahle athatha ngesandla ama- jackhammers, ama- picks namafosholo. Baqala ukwenza umsebenzi obuthakathaka, ongcolile, bewubheka ukulingana.

8 Mashi. Umlando wokusungulwa kosuku olungasebenzi

Kuphela kusukela ngo-1966 eSoviet Union, leli holide, ngenxa yesigwebo sika-08.03.965, ngokusemthethweni waba usuku olungasebenzi, olwenzelwe ukugubha amantombazane amahle. Izigidi zabesifazane baseSoviet zathola usuku oluthile lokuphumula.

Iholide ngo-Mashi 8, umlando wokubunjwa kwamazwe e-CIS

Engxenyeni ye-CIS ngomhla ka-Mashi 8, iholidi lomphakathi, ngaphandle kwamazwe aseBaltic naseTurkmenistan, lapho kungahanjiswa khona kabanzi.