Yini ukuphathwa lingaze? Okunezimpawu ukwelashwa engemihle. ukuphathwa siyefana abanomdlavuza

Njengomthetho, isici causative nesenzakalo nokuthuthukiswa kwanoma iyiphi odokotela isifo kungatholakala izimpawu. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, izimpawu zesifo i-ngezinye izikhathi Akawukhululi ukuhlupheka ngaphansi isiguli ngaphezu kwesifo eyinhloko. ukwelashwa okunezimpawu uchungechunge izinyathelo ezithinta ngokunembile ekubonisaneni ezinjalo.

Lapho esetshenziswa yokwelapha lingaze?

Izibonelo ezivamile lokhu ayikho indlela yokuyelapha ukuqokwa imithi analgesic, antipyretic futhi expectorant. ukwelashwa okunezimpawu kungenzeka ezizimele (isb, ukwelapha ukukhwehlela) noma angene eziyinkimbinkimbi izinyathelo zokwelapha (nge ezinzima izithombe zokwelapha pathologies oncological). Endabeni ethile, it has izici ukuthi kufanele kubhekwe ngokuningiliziwe.

Indlela symptomatically aphathe ukukhwehlela?

ukuphathwa siyefana ukukhwehlela etiologies ehlukahlukene kuyinto bendabuko ngoba akusona isifo ahlukene okwenzeka ngokuzimela. Into esemqoka - ukuhlonza izimbangela zangempela izimpawu. Ngemva sokunquma omsakazo we imfanelo isifo, owelapha uzokwazi ukwabela uhlelo ukwelashwa lingaze.

izenzo ephakeme kanye izincomo uchwepheshe kuhloswe ngazo ukuthola umkhiqizo uphawu. Njengoba yaziwa, lesi sivivinyo inquma khona noma ukungabi khona isikhwehlela. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukukhwehlela kwenzeka uma izitho zokuphefumula uwela isikhwehlela. Ukuze imikhuhlane kuyinqubo evamile.

Yini engase ibe ukukhwehlela kanye nesimo umsuka waso?

Ukuqala ukwelashwa lingaze limelela nemiyalelo ehlambulula isikhwehlela kanye nekufaka ligalelo imvume yayo okusheshayo kusukela wamaphaphu noma bronchi. ngokuvamile Wet ukukhwehlela elikhiqizayo kunzima ngempela ukwelapha ngaphandle ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala. Ngo okufanayo ngemithi elwa namagciwane izidakamizwa ezifana ebekiwe noma ejenti elwa namagciwane. basuke ikakhulukazi kudingeka esimweni lapho ukhwehlela kwaba senziwa ngegciwane.

Ukwamukela imithi elwa namagciwane resort ezimweni lingandile. Lapho ukwelashwa lingaze izidakamizwa kuphumelele futhi elwa namagciwane azinamphumela, imithi elwa namagciwane ebekiwe ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.

Ekhuluma non-elikhiqizayo isifuba esomile ke Kufanele kwaziwe kodwa ukuthi kungenzeka kakhulu ukwenzeka esigabeni sokuqala lesi sifo. Isiguli esasibekelwe izidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala kanye kashleostanavlivayuschie noma ama-ejenti mucolytic. Izimbangela isifuba esomile kungaba ukusabela nomzimba. Kunoma ikuphi, ukwelashwa kufanele udokotela.

Izinhloso yokwelapha lingaze ukhwehlela, SARS kanye Oncology

ukwelashwa okunezimpawu Umkhuhlane ne-acute izifo zokuphefumula viral ngokuvamile kuba amathuba ezinkulu ngenxa yezinkinga. Administration izidakamizwa, aqede izimpawu, akukuniki umphumela ezijulile ithuba alulame ngokugcwele. Khwehlela, amakhala yisisu, imfiva - a izimpawu zokuphefumula noma isifo yegciwane, okungase ukuqeda nje usebenzisa ukuphathwa elihlangene, ogxile antibiotic antivirals.

Uma ukukhwehlela ukwelashwa lingaze kuhloswe ukululama ephelele, le ndlela yokwelapha umdlavuza elandela umgomo ehluke ngokuphelele. Isidingo salokhu uhlobo ukwelashwa e abanomdlavuza akuxhomekile ukugeleza isifo futhi isigaba saso. Ngokwesibonelo, i-esigabeni sokuqala lesi sifo, lapho isimila isivele kutholakele emzimbeni, kodwa akusho ukuzibonakalisa, isiguli iwela ukucindezeleka noma sihlupheka iziyaluyalu psycho. Lesi simo kuwuphawu, futhi ngenxa yalokho sidinge ukulungisa ukwelashwa lwemithi.

Ukusetshenziswa ukwelashwa lingaze umdlavuza

Lapho resection ephelele zomdlavuza yokwelapha lingaze kuyadingeka futhi, kusukela kokungenela emzimbeni kubabangele izimpendulo ezingalindelekile. Kokuthunyelwe-op yokutakula esiteji nge amasosha omzimba obuthaka kudinga ukuvuselelwa imisebenzi esibalulekile wonke umzimba.

ukuphathwa siyefana abanomdlavuza izisethile imisebenzi elandelayo:

• futhi attenuation ukulungiswa tyazheloperenosimyh kuwukubonakaliswa umdlavuza;
• ukwanda bungakanani ubude bokuphila lesiguli kanye ekuthuthukiseni izinga layo.

Okuwukuphela futhi indlela yabo eyinhloko yokwelashwa yebo lingaze iba umdlavuza iziguli esigabeni sesine umdlavuza.

Kuyini yokwelapha lingaze izimila abulalayo?

ubunjalo lingaze yokwelashwa kungaba ezimbili zama:

1. Surgery. Futhi kubizwa non-ethize; kusebenza lapho okwandisa usayizi umdlavuza kuphakamisa ukopha kuthinta imithambo yegazi, ekuvimbeleni kwegazi okugcwele imbangela stenosis kwanoma iyiphi izinhlelo isitho: wokugaya ukudla, urinary, zokuphefumula.
2. Imithi. Kusho ukuthini ukwelashwa lingaze, singakuqonda ngokubheka nezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi (inkambo ngemisebe nangamakhemikhali, imfundo nokuvuselelwa, ukwelashwa cytostatic) kanye nokuphathwa imithi ezifanele ukusiza odokotela uphathe kususe ngesineke sebuhlungwini obunzima, ukungakhululeki kanye ukumisa okukhulu ukuvuvukala.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, izazi eziningi zazo zikholelwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ukwelashwa lingaze kumele kusekelwe isizathu esanele, njengoba kungaba ngokuphawulekayo nomthelela Yiqiniso okwengeziwe yokwelapha anticancer. Ihlahlubo Izibikezelo amathemba yokutakula neqhaza ekunqumeni lapha.

Izinkomba ukusetshenziswa ukwelashwa okunezimpawu

Ukwehla esiphezulu kubangela nobuhlungu - lena umgomo oyinhloko ukuphathwa siyefana zabasiza abathile abanomdlavuza. Nokho, kuyaqondakala ukuthi umphumela izidakamizwa kwamanye kwezitho izinhlelo kuhilelani nemiphumela emibi ngendlela efanayo. labagula kakhulu futhi amanani Amazing izidakamizwa ezinamandla - umthwalo engacabangeki emzimbeni. Qonda lokho kusho ukwelashwa lingaze umdlavuza, kungase kusekelwe ukubonakaliswa buhlungu kakhulu lesi sifo, iziguli sizibonele (kuzo zonke izigaba umdlavuza):

• iziyaluyalu pheshana emathunjini (uhudo, ukuqunjelwa);
• isisindo okusheshayo ukulahlekelwa (sokuzincisha ukudla, cachexia);
• ukuhlanza nesicanucanu;
• ubuhlungu babulawa nokuphazamiseka okuhambisana isitho abathintekayo;
• iziyaluyalu umzimba;
• kwezinso noma hepatic ukungakhuli;
• nezifo zengqondo, umhayizo.

umdlavuza kuzibonakalisa ezigabeni yokugcina

On the izigaba sesithathu nesesine umdlavuza amafomu eziyinkimbinkimbi ukugeleza zokugula odokotela ngokuvamile ziphendukela ukuhlinzwa nokususwa okuphelele yesimila. Ngo kusaqalwa lo msebenzi kungenzeka ngisho esimweni lapho umdlavuza has nomthelela obalulekile imisebenzi ebalulekile lesiguli kanye engashiyi yokwelapha izidakamizwa akukuniki yimuphi umphumela.

Ezigabeni yokugcina of Oncology ukwelashwa lingaze ezinqunyiwe, njengoba umthetho, ngenxa yokubakhona lokhu kubonakaliswa:

1. ubuhlungu Okunzima Kakhulu Ukubhekana Nakho (hhayi odlulayo, unomphela, imiphumela okungapholi imithi yokubulala izinzwa bendabuko). Ezigabeni lokugcina ubuhlungu inyuka, ngoba ngokuvamile akuyona umthombo yesimila uqobo, njengoba umzimba ukuthi ayikwazi ukususwa.
2. Ukuhlanza nokukhishwa engapheli isicanucanu - izimpawu ejwayelekile yenqubo umdlavuza emzimbeni. Okwakuhlalwa kuzo lapho kusaqalwa lesi sifo, lapho kuphakama isidingo ngenxa ngemisebe nangamakhemikhali, futhi esikhathini esidlule - ikakhulukazi ngenxa ukuvela of metastases ebuchosheni, isibindi, izitho kwegazi.
3. izinga lokushisa emzimbeni okuphezulu. iziguli okunomkhuhlane zivame beqonda njengophawu uphawu noma nezifo zokuphefumula SARS futhi kamuva kakhulu - njengoba uphawu lomdlavuza. ukwanda Ikakhulu izici lokushisa umzimba Sarcoma bone futhi metastases esibindini.
4. Ukwephulwa sokuzikhulula. Izinkinga ngesitulo, njengoba umthetho, kwenzeka izimila wokugaya ukudla.

ukwelashwa okunezimpawu ngu ukuhlinzwa

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izwe esetshenziswa ekwelashweni lingaze umdlavuza iziguli, kuyoba kucishe scheme, ezingafani kuphela indlela ukuchayeka kuhlinzwa noma wezokwelapha. kokungenela Wasebenza Kunconywa ukuba isiguli uma kwenzeka ukuthi yi yayo kakhulu kuthinte izinga lokuphila nesineke. Lapho wamathumbu izimila, esiswini, amanyikwe, odokotela basebenzisa gastrostomy, ipayipi lokukhipha indle kanye anastomosis.

Ngemisebe nge zomdlavuza

Phakathi izindlela yokwelapha lingaze ubhekwa exposure ezivamile. Radiotherapy isetshenziswa njengesilwane izindlela zangaphandle, futhi zangaphakathi, ukugxila isitho ethintekile. I okufana yokuqala isikisela lonke ngemisebe zone kuncike ithonya umdlavuza. Esikhathini isimo yesibili, umthamo zokwelapha emisebeni iqondiswe ngokuqondile isimila, ezithinta ke engenzeka ngaphandle ulimaza lonke kwezitho izinhlelo ubuthi okusezingeni eliphezulu. Radiotherapy ivumela anqande ukukhula zamangqamuzana omdlavuza kanye izinga ukuqhubeka kwesifo, uhlinzeka eside nesineke izinzwa.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nokushiswa - elementi ukwelashwa okunezimpawu

Futhi, angeke sikhone kusho ngalokucondzile ngokuqiniseka okuphelele ukuthi akusho okusongela impilo isiguli uqobo ukwelashwa lingaze. Imiphumela engemihle ngamakhemikhali, isibonelo, akunakwenzeka ukubikezela, kodwa ngokuvamile zibangelwa izici ngamunye umzimba futhi ukusabela anaphylactic ukuthola usizo lwezempilo. Naphezu kwezingozi, e nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali jikelele omuhle kuthinta isimo umdlavuza iziguli, ngokusiza ukuthuthukisa bempilo.

Ukwelapha izimpawu ngemithi

Kufanele futhi ukugqamisa iqembu nemithi, ngenkuthalo okuhloswe ngalo ukuqeda izimpawu. Ukudambisa ubuhlungu nokuhlupheka abanomdlavuza, elokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezifana:

• imithi yokubulala izinzwa (kuncike degree of ubuhlungu futhi ngegalelo lako, kungaba analgesics kwelashwa futhi okungezona isidakamizwa);
• antiemetics (ukuqeda uphawu okuhambisanayo);
• antipyretics (ukulwa lokushisa okungazelelwe kuzuba);
• ngezilapha magciwane (ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa izinqubo ukuvuvukala futhi esithathelanayo);
• hormone (nge izimila ebuchosheni, yegilo).

Kuyini ukuphathwa lingaze okuba nomdlavuza ngokuphawulekayo, kulula ukucabanga ukuthi izinto ngeke Ngokwesibonelo enquma ukuthi ukwandisa esesuthi ezigulini. Phela, le nkinga ukudla ezigulini Oncology ne ezivamile. Kulokhu, ukuthi isiguli odlayo, ke kuncike kakhulu ukusebenza kahle futhi umphumela yokwelapha lingaze.

imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa siyefana umdlavuza

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ekwelapheni ukubonakaliswa yomdlavuza kunemiphumela ayo ezimbi. Ngesikhathi sigaba wesine umdlavuza lapho isiguli ayisekho ukusiza amaphilisi ezinhlungu kuqhathaniswa ababuthakathaka wagunyaza izidakamizwa ezinamandla kakhudlwana, izimpawu ezinjalo side effects:

• ukuhlanza nesicanucanu;
• ubuthakathaka futhi ukozela;
• ukulahlekelwa esesuthi;
• isiyezi kanye ukusangana;
• ukuqunjelwa.

Iziguli baphawula constriction evelele balezi zingane ku ngemuva ukusetshenziswa opiate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hhayi kuphela yizidakamizwa kwezidakamizwa eziyingozi. Analgesics futhi okungezona steroidal izidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala kungabangela ukuguguleka ulwelwesi lwamafinyila kwezitho zangaphakathi, izinguquko oluhambisana. Kufanele futhi ucabangele ukutholakala kanye iguliswa ukusabela nesineke, engesiyo uhlamvu mass, futhi livela kuphela ezimweni ezikhethekile.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezibhekene oncologists ekwelapheni iziguli?

ukwelashwa okunezimpawu umdlavuza iziguli ngesikhathi izigaba eziyinkimbinkimbi isifo, lapho amathuba yokutakula cishe encishisiwe kuqanda, futhi ngenxa ababhekene nobunye ubunzima. Ikakhulukazi:

• izidakamizwa kungukuthi esiwabelwe ekuphathweni letindzala;
• ukuhlolwa eyayivela iziguli degree of ubuhlungu umfutho;
• imithamo Standard noma analgesic ayinamandla i icala ngamunye;
• Ukwesaba Ukuba umlutha wezithombe.

Hhayi iziguli kuphela, kodwa kwaba nayizihlobo zabo ngokuvamile izithiyo ukugcwaliseka egcwele udokotela izici zayo. Futhi basiza ekudambiseni ukuhlupheka oncologist lesiguli abakwazi, uma ukuphathwa ngeke iphazamise izinganekwane ezilandelayo:

• akunakwenzeka ukwelapha umdlavuza;
• imithi analgesic kumele kuthathwe kuphela uma isidingo acute;
• Ukwesaba ukuthuthukiswa sezidakamizwa.

usizo kwenqondo sokufanelekela kodokotela onkoklinike usizo Gwema nobunzima obunjalo. Isiguli nomkhaya wakhe beswele wokubonisana njalo ukuthi lingabizwa ulungiselele umndeni ekwelashweni lingaze.