Yikuphi lisebenzisa igama elithi "olunezinombolo, aboshwe futhi uphawu '

Phakathi amaphepha zamanje kanye archival Avame ukutholakala imibhalo ohlangothini reverse okuyinto kukhona umbhalo ", ngokwezindlu zooyise, nakanjani futhi babekwa uphawu." Lapho futhi ngaziphi izinjongo isetshenziswa ngale ndlela sokubhalisa? Nale kuwufanele aphenya kabanzi.

Imibhalo ye-Firmware Kuyadingeka

Ngo inqubo egciniwe ukuphathwa ochwepheshe ngokuvamile kufanele ubhekane imibhalo ikhasi amaningi. Uma lokhu imeyili evamile noma iphepha ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, amashidi wakwenza ukuxhuma usebenzisa isiqeshana iphepha noma okuyisisekelo. Le ndlela kwenza kube nokwenzeka noma nini ukwabelana idokhumenti yakho ibe izingxenye noma amashidi bashintsha izindawo. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, kuba ngokuphelele kungamukeleki. Ukugcina ubuqotho idokhumenti kufanele:

• uma udlulisa ke yomlando;
• ukuqinisekiswa kwamakhophi ngabanye;
• ngokuhambisa imibiko ehhovisi lentela kanye nezinye izimali;
• lapho kokuthumela iphakethe kwemibhalo ukubhaliswa.

Kulokhu, amaphepha multi-ibhizinisi wenza flash, futhi ekugcineni ubekwe eceleni kwabo ngemuva isiqinisekiso umbhalo oqoshiwe ezifana "olunezinombolo, nakanjani futhi babekwa uphawu."

Lolu khetho design laqanjwa ngisho ngesisekelo GOST 51141-98 "wamaphepha futhi yomlando", kanye Order of inombolo State Ingobo yomlando 76 ngo-December 23, 2009. Lezi ziqondiso imininingwane nezidingo kumadokhumenti ukuphathwa ngayo kanye indlela nezincomo firmware yabo. elementi okuphoqelekile ukufakaza lapha iphepha okulotshiwe "ayebalelwa, nakanjani futhi babekwa uphawu."

imithetho firmware

Ukuze uxhume Amakhasi ezehlukene zibe idokhumenti elilodwa multi, uzodinga:

• ngentambo obukhulu;
• inaliti nge eyelet ububanzi;
• usungulo;
• sikelo;
• glue Abefundisi ;
• ephepheni elimhlophe.

Inketho elula staple ku izimbobo ezintathu. Zonke umsebenzi senzeka ngezigaba eziningana:

1. Okokuqala, ohlangothini kwesokunxele isitaki kwemibhalo ukuze kwenziwe ngosungulo 3 izimbobo sise elifanayo ukusuka nomunye.
2. Vdet uhala enalitini futhi balidlulisele ezinganeni kuthabathela ecaleni emuva, esikhundleni wokubhoboza phakathi. Kulokhu, lo isitokwe kufanele bube ngaphezu kuka-7 amasentimitha ngentambo.
3. Ubuso inaliti ukuze uhala ku kwesokunxele imbobo. Ngingabi one Stitch.
4. Uhlangothi emuva weqa inaliti ukuchusha phakathi asele ukuvulwa khulula elise ngakwesokudla.
5. Intambo miss phakathi (ekuqaleni firmware).
6. izinsalela ezimbili uhala ohlangothini emuva uzobopha elikasofasilahlane ukuze Stitch kwaba ngaphakathi.
7. Kusukela lonke iphepha lephepha wasika nge sikelo ucezu unxande yokulinganisa 2 x 8 cm, bese unamathela kuso inhlangano nemikhawulo yomhlaba ngentambo.
8. On ishidi ingcina ukwenza eliqoshwe umbhalo othi "olunezinombolo, aboshwe futhi uphawu", kukhombisa isibalo amashidi axhunyiwe (izibalo futhi izincwadi). Kutholwe ngezansi nje uphawu nencazelo yalo.

Crosslinked ngakho idokhumenti kungenziwa kalula ithunyelwa uya khona.

omagazini firmware

Ngokusho imithetho yokuqhuba kwamacala firmware idinga amabhuku ezimali eziningi, lapho izikhulu eziphezulu kukhona ukubhalisa kwemibhalo engenayo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuvikelwe, ulwazi oluqukethwe kuyo, futhi kube lula ukusesha. Yiqiniso, ngoba kulula ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze Pheqa amakhasi ambalwa kuka lokubuyekeza isitaki kwemibhalo, okuyinto, isibonelo, akufanele kube kufinyeleleke besithathu. Ngezinhloso ezinjalo, amabhizinisi amaningi ukuzoqala log. Lena incwadi nge izinombolo okuqhubekayo, okuyinto agcine irejista unomphela kwemibhalo kohlobo oluthile (umsebenzi izincwadi ezikhishwe izincwadi ezigunyaza, ama-oda, lokungeniswa ka OT nabanye).

Ilogo Kufanele ube anele ikhava kanzima ukuvikela yokuguga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yonke amashidi ngaphakathi kuwo, njalo saziso kufanele olunezinombolo futhi Ithungelwe ngentambo eqinile. Emikhawulweni lacing ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele ahlale ngohlangothi engaphakathi emikhonweni bese livalwa nge ishidi nalutho sephepha okuvamise lizinga isiqinisekiso yombhalo oqoshiwe.

uhlu isiqinisekiso

Ngemva agqoke imibhalo kufanele iqinisekiswe isignesha lwekhanda inkampani futhi uphawu inkampani. Lena nesilinganiso esifanele, esisetshenziselwa abanye abasebenzi abonakele wayengeke abe manga izimisele futhi esikhundleni ingxenye amarekhodi. Njengoba ishidi isiqinisekiso ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ethafeni iphepha ucezu ukuma unxande. Kumele anamatheliswe ukuze engcono amboze izakhi firmware (yokuxhuma node kanye izinsalela intambo). Top isikhulu simo kufanele enze uphawu oluthile isampuli. Kwezinye izitshalo ezisetshenziselwa Kulo mkhakha okhethekile "ahlukaniswe ndawonye, olunezinombolo futhi babekwa uphawu."

Umbhalo kungenziwa uyithayiphe kukhompyutha, bese ukuphrinta amasampula osuphelile ubuningi kunesidingo. Ngaphansi block isihloko, ngokuvamile ibonisa isikhundla sesikhulu wemfanelo (umphathi), kanye isignesha yakhe emagama enemininingwane. Iphela wokufakaza ishidi EEPROM usuku kwale dokhumenti.

Umqulu kwemibhalo liyakushunyayelwa eqinisekisiwe

Ngaphambi ukwenza firmware kumele faka izinombolo kabusha wonke amashidi kufakwe kule dokhumenti. Ukuze wenze lokhu, zikhona imithetho ethile:

1. Amakhasi, okungukuthi amashidi Hhayi olunezinombolo.
2. Amakamelo ngokuvamile ibekwe ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla in inyuka oda.
3. Okufakiwe zenziwa ngezinombolo zesi-Arabhu (ezimweni ezingajwayelekile, ivunyelwe ukuthi isebenzise uhlelo wamaRoma).
4. Ishidi eliqukethe ngabanye izingcezwana zibaliwe inqubo jikelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingxenye ngazinye yokusungula yayo.
5. Uma kukhona ishidi gluing olulodwa inikezwa Igumbi elivamile.
6. Uma idokhumenti iqukethe izicelo zangaphakathi, nabo kufanele olunezinombolo ngokwehlukile.
7. Ngezinye izikhathi uma kokulondoloza ngokubhala. Kulokhu, imvilophu lokuqala olunezinombolo, bese - kuyini.

Inombolo ephelele amashidi kuboniswe embhalweni isiqinisekiso amalebula kabili. Isinyathelo sokuqala wabonisa value kwamanani ke kubakaki - ngamagama.

Kusukela 2013 eRussia Waqala ukusebenza izimfuneko ezintsha ukubhaliswa kwamatayitela idluliselwe nezinye izinhlangano. Kodwa, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kukhona lutho firmware saziso, izinkampani eziningi uqhubeke ukusebenzisa indlela endala yokulungiselela le dokhumenti.