Glue clerical: ukwakheka kanye isicelo

Clay baba engumngane ukuphila komuntu isikhathi eside. I ingcina wokuqala, ngokuvumelana abavubukuli, yavela eminyakeni 9500 BC. Yakhe yahunyushwa ezakhini eziyinhloko ezihlukahlukene okuvela ezilwaneni. Amathambo kanye umsipha, amazenga enhlanzi, futhi inhlaka bemvelo babengebona abafowabo yezingxenye eyinhloko mass ingcina. glue clerical kwaba ezivamile, njengoba esetshenziswa abantu kusukela komncane kuya ezinkulu.

Ukudala glue

A isiphuzo ngezinto zemvelo futhi imfucuza isilwane lokuphila elalisetshenziswa okhokho bethu kuze kube ikhulu lama-20.

Lapho isayensi basungula ngokushesha, abantu baye kwandisa ulwazi mayelana izinga nezakhiwo izinto futhi izinto, kwaqala ukuvela izingxenye yokufakelwa ukudala i ingcina. Eyokuqala ngubani wathola igunya lokwenza kokusungulwa glue baba Himik Leo Bakelanda. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1901. Futhi ngo-1909 lapho amalungelo obunikazi waqala bakamalalahlengezela ukukhiqiza glues phenol-formaldehyde kokuba conductivity. glue clerical uvele namathathu banesifo esibi ngasekupheleni - ukuqala kweminyaka engu-40 leminyaka elidlule.

Manje womshini glue asebenzisa imishini yokukhulisa zobuchwepheshe. Inqubo ngaphezulu ezenzakalelayo. Ngesikhathi isitshalo samanje ongenza yonke inqubo, kusukela kokukhiqiza amalebula isitsha ilebula lakhe.

Izinto zesimanje emakethe

Unyaka ngamunye, umkhakha chemical ukhiqiza amaphakheji angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-100 ephepheni glue.

Sales inzuzo ngoba ngonyaka balinganiselwa ku akukho ngaphansi kuka- $ 10 million. Abakhiqizi bathi ukufunwa glue kwabefundisi kayikhuli, kodwa uzinzile. Ukushintsha kwindlela umkhiqizo kugqugquzelwa. Kunezinhlobo entsha amapensela, izitikha opholile nge high izici ingcina. Kakhulu imikhiqizo eliphezulu ezivezwa amazwe ezifana: South Korea, i-Russia, Malaysia naseJalimane.

injongo ingcina

Injongo eyinhloko yawo noma iliphi inxusa ingcina - ekhuthaza ezishelelayo ezimbili. Ahluke ukwakheka kanye injongo. Banezinhliziyo nephunga ezahlukene, umbala, basuke iphele futhi okungezona omiswe. Kumile ingcina esetshenziselwa gluing iphepha futhi paperboard ka nokuminyanisa ezahlukene. Futhi ingasetshenziswa izinjongo zasekhaya.

isici kokokunamathisela ehhovisi:

• Omiswe.
• Frost ukumelana.
• Esobala noma amhlophe.
• Kungenzeka uketshezi kanye okuqinile.

Umenzi kufanele isitifiketi okuyikhwalithi ehhovisi glue. Ukwakheka sihlolelwe ubuthi kanye nokuhambisana nezimfuneko zemvelo.

Izinhlobo iphepha glue

Glue uhlobo ketshezi: silicate futhi glue PVA ehhovisi.

Izimpawu glue silicate evumela ukusebenzisa kwayo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Eyesibili igama - ingilazi uketshezi. It is lisetshenziswe emnothweni kazwelonke. Ukuze iphepha zingavumi, it is kakhulu zibhebhetheka. Emashumini eminyaka amuva, isetshenziswa kancane njalo.

glue Abefundisi we PVA glues kalula ephepheni, amakhadibhodi, amaphepha. Isidingo it has okungukuthi, kuba viscous kakhulu, lokho kuvumela uhlelo lokusebenza ukulawula esakaza yayo.

Ukwakheka ingcina ngoba zokubhala

Silicate zokubhala ingcina Ukwakheka eye kuchazwe igama layo, manje selisetshenziswa ngaphezulu ukwakhiwa. izingxenye zalo eziyinhloko: i-silicate, polysilicates ka lithium, sodium ne-potassium. Kwenzeka kuphela ewuketshezi.

Abefundisi glue PVA has a okulotshiweyo: acetate polyvinyl. Kuyinto isixazululo aqueous efana ne ukwengeza plasticizer kanye izithasiselo ukulungisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona i-glue ehhovisi okuqinile. Ukwakheka kwalo ziyahlukahluka ikhemikhali eyisisekelo. Lokhu kungaba acetate polyvinyl (PVA) noma polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). PVA glue kungaba lemikhiqizo eziningana ukuthi ukuchaza amandla ayo:

1. Universal;

2. Super engaphezulu.

Ngokusebenzisa e ehhovisi kudingeka ebangeni lokuqala. Super Extra ingasetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ifenisha nokwakhiwa.

amafomu amaphakheji

glue clerical okuthengiswa ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene emaphaketheni. I ingcina liquid zahlanganiswa ngo amabhodlela ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Umehluko omkhulu - kuwuhlobo ngamapayipi kanye cap.

Super - cap isizwe ungumthombo ongumngcingo, side, uyasikrufulula cap. Glue lisetshenziswa ebusweni esebenzisa cap.

Cap - shayela isetshenziswa isikhathi esiningi siye sitholakale amabhodlela nge glue silicate.

Kuyinto elula ukusebenzisa ukungaguquguquki ketshezi ingcina.

Cap - duck uyakhumbula kuphela emikhulu super-cap has a ukuvulwa ebanzi.

Clay - zokubhala ipensela yilo manje ezivamile. He is elula kunazo ukusebenzisa. Zifakwe kalula, akusho ukusakaza, kuba ukonga, ine omuhle kakhulu izakhiwo ingcina.

Ikani Yesigcilikisha - uhlobo olusha ephepheni i-glue, esiza nasekuhlanzeni ukunamathisela ukhuni, igwebu nensimbi.

Ukusebenzisa glue iphepha ekhaya

Abantu ukuthola izindlela namanje abaningi ukusebenzisa glue ehhovisi. Imininingwane uvumele ukusebenzisa ebanzi ke ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Sabe cabangela indlela ongathatha ngayo namanje usebenzise ingcina silicate noma i-glue PVA.

Silicate ingcina noma amanzi ingilazi - ikhemikhali isetshenziswa ukwakhiwa. Injongo eyinhloko ukusetshenziswa - nokuvikela.

Okuhlukile usebenzisa ingcina silicate.

• Ingabe sesingezwa upende ukuze mbumbulu. Inikeza ukumelana.
• Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa izindonga naphansi egumbini lokugezela ngoba uphawu.
• Isetshenziselwa nokuvikela izisekelo.
• Kungezwe kuqinise nokhonkolo ukuthola brand izixazululo ezintsha.
• Sebenzisa womshini putty ekhethekile lapho amapayipi amanzi usithe.
• Indwangu elifakwe iyoba ngezinto eziqinile zokuzivikela.
• Abalimi iphathwa izihlahla ehlathini indawo futhi ukuvikela amagciwane ayingozi.
• Khangela, basibekele ubuso ukuze avikeleke emimoyeni ukuchayeka emisebeni ultraviolet.
• Isetshenziselwa ukugeza izitsha ezingcolile futhi emapanini.

Indlela Yokuthola ukususwa coke kusukela okuzikhulula usebenzisa ingcina silicate.

Ngale ndlela, esetshenziswa ogogo bethu futhi omkhulu-ogogo. Kuyadingeka ukuthatha isitsha sensimbi noma pan ezinkulu. Kuso uthele tube silicate ingcina. Ukwengeza sonke-pan ne-ikhava. Umthamo ukubeka phezu komlilo kanye thumba. Ngokuyisimangaliso, ne izitsha uyeza off yonke imali carbon. Ngemva zonke izinto kufanele ngokuphelele engahashazanga ngaphansi kwamanzi agelezayo. Kukhona iresiphi efanayo ne ukwengeza insipho soda umlotha.

PVA glue yaziwa kahle kubakhi nabenzi ifenisha.

Ukuhluka kokusebenzisa glue PVA.

• Isetshenziswa lapho ukuhlangana ifenisha.
• Awu kuvikela umata phansi.
• Esinokwethenjelwa lapho ukulungisa linoleum.
• Isetshenziselwa gluing tile.
• Kuyoba wusizo ukunamathisela lodonga.
• Kungezwe primer kanye yamathebhu e upende amanzi-based.

PVA glue iye yatha- ngenxa yayo non-ubuthi, umlilo, high kunenze nisondelane umthamo kanye kalula yokusetshenziswa. Abakwazi ukunamathisela amaphepha, lesikhumba, ingilazi, izindwangu, plastic, metal.