Xi'an (China): izinto umlando emzini

Xi'an (China) - indlu bababusi omkhulu futhi inhloko-dolobha yase-China lasendulo. Uma umuzi ifinyelele isimo sika emhlabeni ngobukhulu. Yini umlando uzokhumbula izindonga zomuzi lasendulo? Iziphi izinto ezithakazelisayo ungabona kuye?

umuzi wasendulo

Xi'an (China) ingenye yamadolobha amadala kakhulu emhlabeni kanye Athens, iRoma ne Cairo. Kuvele neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-3,000 BC. e. futhi wasinda lapho ushintsho 13 amakhosi e China lasendulo ngokuthi inhloko-dolobha. Ngakho indlela yabo yaqala abathengisi Silk Road.

Umuzi wasendulo Xi'an ngecebo layo yayifana ibhodi chess. insimu yalo lihlukaniswe ngesimo 108 amabhlogo square, ngalinye elikwazi esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe ngodonga. Thola komunye ikota kwesinye kungaba ngesango, okuyinto iphetha nentshonalanga. A endaweni ehlukile emzini kwakungekaNkulunkulu nombusi isihloko abaseduze.

Xi'an (China) lihlotshaniswa ubuntu edume. sikakhokho wasenganekwaneni kaKesari Chinese Yellow - Huang, umsunguli we ubuTao, wayehlala edolobheni. Lapha imithetho futhi Qin Shihuang, ngokuletha umhlaba ndawonye Chinese.

Xian usadlondlobele esithathwe ngesikhathi kukhona lo Tang BakwaHan, lapho China kwaba ezinethonya kunazo emazweni ase-Asia. Kulezi zikhathi Buddhism ozuza izici abantu Chinese ukuthi beze nezinye izinkolo: ubuKristu, ubuSulumane, ubuZoroaster, nobuJuda. Ngemva kokuwa lwamakhosi aqala ukufiphala kanye edolobheni, ngalahlekelwa isimo enhlokodolobha.

Xi'an Modern (China)

Lo muzi ubizwa etholakala engxenyeni ephakathi phezu loMfula Wei. Xian Modern kumephu banda baba ngaphezu kuka esikhatsini lesengcile, kuyilapho isikhungo somlando kuyehla kakhulu. Sekukonke, idolobha inabantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-10.

manje Xi'an ubhekwa inhlokodolobha ngokomoya futhi zomlando of China, omunye izikhungo zakhe zobuKristu. I workshop bendawo abaqeqeshwe abantu kwabefundisi ezweni lonke. Nezinye izinkolo futhi zenzeke: amathempeli eziningi edolobheni ngisho has a Quarter Muslim.

Iziphathimandla zendawo wakwazi ukugcina uhlamvu mlando edolobheni. Akenzi ibukeke nezinye Chinese idolobha elinabantu abaningi kanye nezakhiwo, ukuvala ngisho esibhakabhakeni. Yiqiniso, ezindleleni ezibanzi, njengakwezinye izindawo, ziyacindezelwa nabantu. Kodwa lokhu akubavimbeli izivakashi njalo ngonyaka izinkulungwane uvakashele Xi'an.

esikhumulweni sezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe ingamakhilomitha angu-40 kuphela ukusuka edolobheni, ngakho ukufika kulo ngeke kube nzima. Umuzi futhi 5 iziteshi, omunye okuyinto ethatha izitimela ngesivinini.

Xi'an: izikhangibavakashi

I lasendulo ingxenye yomuzi ayebiyelwe okusezingeni eliphezulu, okuyinto eziye zalondolozwa kusukela eNkathini Ephakathi ngaphezulu. Lapho yababusi futhi Tang odongeni ngokuphindaphindiwe kabusha futhi kokuphothula umsebenzi. Ekuqaleni zazakhiwe kusuka emhlabathini, futhi kamuva uzilungiselele iyinhlanganisela ekhethekile elayisi, limestone kanye emhlabathini, bese kabusha e isitini.

udonga eyayisekhona has a ukushuba-17 metres uphinde uthele kancane ukuphakama 12-15 amamitha. Ubude bayo 14 amakhilomitha. Yiqhwa ukuyohlolwa kanye nomkhakha wezokuvikela, etholakala zonke amamitha 120, bangu-98 Ingxenye engenhla ine uhlobo izinqaba prongs eminingi (ngaphezulu 5500).

Ngaphakathi kwezindonga wasendulo eziningi izitolo nezindawo zokudlela kanye Kwacishe kwaphela ikhulu leminyaka emlandweni. E Xi'an amathempeli amaningi. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke - iyona Mosque Omkhulu, okuyinto yesine ngobukhulu kulo lonke China.

Iphuzu elilodwa Okuthakazelisayo ikota Muslim. Idume ezihlukahlukene ukudla okuhlukahlukene kusuka halva elimnandi isobho, elenziwe kusukela yemvu noma yenkomo, okuyinto ngisho kufakwe ohlwini ifa China.

Kuvuselelwe, ukubaleka umsindo befuna nobe emigwacweni yase dolobheni kungaba epaki noma Lotus Park "Ruins Tsyuytszyan qi" nge echibini layo amahle ukubaza ezibekwe kulo.

ubumba ibutho

Uhlonishwa amaShayina uMbusi Qin Shi Huang obumbene ezweni, ukuthi zilandele izilinganiso ezithile izinhlamvu, kodwa emhlabeni wonke yokungafi abadumile ubumba ibutho. Ngaphambili, inkolelo yokuphila ngemva kokufa ophoqelelwe ukubeka eceleni oshonile izinto zasekhaya, izikhali, amahhashi impi, futhi ngokuvamile ahlala nabantu. Umbusi Chinese kwaba nomusa ngaphezulu futhi bayalwa ukuba wenze for amabutho akhe ethuneni ngobumba.

Around 9000 amaqhawe ubumba kanye namahhashi nangcwatshwa kanye Jine Shi Huang cishe ngo-210 BC. e. Ngamunye wabo ukala 135 kg. Ubuso amasosha kungukuthi okuphindaphindiwe, kukhona kokuqagela ukuthi bamele ubuso bangempela. eziningi ukuphikelela nokuthembela imizamo sekwenziwe ukudala ibutho. Ukusebenza kuso abantu abangu-700 000.

Ibutho edume wathola ngengozi. Ngo-1974, umlimi Omba kahle, esikhundleni amanzi esifanekisweni bathola at a 5 amamitha ukujula. Imivubukulo Kwakuseshwa iminyaka engu-40 futhi akuphelelanga kuze kube manje.

Confucius ethempelini

Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka isonto manje kunalokho Museum. Kukhona embukisweni omkhulu enikelwe Elikhulu Silk Road. "Ihlathi stelae" - yezindawo esimnandi kakhulu Museum. Lokhu umtapo itshe, lapho stelae eliqoshwe amabhuku 2300.

Lapho uMbusi ngoCin bazishisa zonke izincwadi ezingokomlando ezibalulekile, futhi nakho okubuhlungu akuyona okuphindaphindiwe, umbusi we Han Dynasty beyalwa ukuba uqophe imibhalo etsheni stelae. Phakathi izincwadi uye waqopha imfundiso likaNestoria kobuKristu kanye Izinkolelo eziyisisekelo nefilosofi Confucian.

LikaNestoria ubuKristu baletha e Xi'an Rabanne kwaseSyria e 635. UMbusi u ngakho ishaqekile ngalokhu inkolo entsha ngaye, ukuthi wayala ukuba kwakhiwe wezindela udumo, futhi bakhe ethempelini bakaConfucius Itshe imfundiso.

isiphetho

Esikhathini izindonga Umuzi omdala sihleli yaba nomlando omude zeziyaluyalu, okuyinto kusukela ngomzuzu eziphonsa kuqala labo hambela Xi'an. Okubonwayo komuzi - izindonga ke sika nge imibhoshongo ukuzivikela kanye imigudu, futhi ibutho unifier Omkhulu of China Qin Shi Huang, nezinye izikhumbuzo eziningi isiko Chinese.