Vacuole - lokhu ... umsebenzi cell vacuoles

Namuhla sizoxoxa uyini vacuole. Lena enye ingxenye yeseli, organelles isb. Organelles noma organelle - ke izinhlayiya ezakha amaseli, lona wamuva, zibuye ngesisekelo konke okusizungezile.

Eqinisweni, emhlabeni akuyona yini kubonakala efika kuqala. Kufanele sithathe ngesibonakhulu, futhi izwe lethu zizoshintsha kakhulu. Ukwazana lokuqala nale ithuluzi kwenzeka esafunda esikoleni samabanga aphakeme. Othisha kufanele aqiniseke ukunikeza inkulumo phezu imithetho ukusetshenziswa kwe-microscope ukuze ugweme izigameko ezingemnandi ngesikhathi umsebenzi ezithakazelisayo. Ngemva akanhlanhlatsi emfushane ukukutshela ukuthi iyona vacuole. Lena inkinga yethu eyinhloko.

vacuole

Asiqale nge kwesigaba definition. Vacuole - lokhu organelle (odnomembranny). It kungatholakala amaseli eukaryotic. Ngokushesha ukwethula nakuchazwa: i eukaryotes - yeseli equkethe umongo. Lesi sakamuva ahlukaniswa cytoplasm by ulwelwesi double. Inani ikhenela likhulu, abaqukethwe molecule ye-DNA.

Ngakho vacuole - lokhu organelle ongenza imisebenzi eminingi (zazo sithi ngemva kwesikhashana). musa akhiwa kanjani lezi organelles? Bavela kusukela provakuoley, njengoba zivela kithi ngesimo ulwelwesi vesicles.

Kubalulekile ukwazi nalokho ongakwenza zonke vacuoles ngamaqembu amabili:

• wokugaya ukudla;
• ejabhile.

Ngezinye izikhathi onesigqi vacuoles ngokuthi contractile. Asiza ukususa imikhiqizo kwamazinyo. Yini enye ingabe lokhu imisebenzi vacuole, sizocabangela kamuva.

Ngo plant cells, vacuoles luthathe abangaphezu kwesigamu umthamo, ngezinye izikhathi baba ihlangana zibe organelle eyodwa enkulu, okuyinto kude kakhulu izilinganiso abavamile.

Zonke ulwelwesi vacuole kukhawulwe, ubizwa ngokuthi - tonoplast. Ngaphakathi singathola ubisi cell. Lesi sakamuva siqukethe le izingxenye ezilandelayo:

• amanzi;
• monosaccharides;
• disaccharides;
• tannins;
• carbohydrate;
• nitrate;
• phosphate;
• chloride;
• acid organic kanye nezinye izinto.

imisebenzi

Manje sinikeza ukwaba imisebenzi eyisisekelo kubhekwe yithi organelles. Vacuole, esiphila kuso manje uhlu imisebenzi kungathatha isikhala cell kusuka 5 kuya kumaphesenti angu-90. Ukwabela incike lapho lokhu organelle kuyinto.

Ngokuphathelene izinhlobo lamaseli isitshalo kunabaningi, kanye nezilwane isikhathi organelles. kakade Sithe, kuye ngokuthi indawo vacuole ongenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Kodwa thina ukuqokomisa abathandekayo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Ubuhlobo organelles;
• ezokuthutha umsebenzi.

isitshalo cell

Manje uqhubekela isifundo eningiliziwe organelles plant amaseli. Cell vacuole - lena ingxenye yawo ebanzi. Asibhale kungani:

• vacuole ubamba amanzi;
• Akhipha izinto eziyingozi;
• kwezinye izimo vacuoles ukukhiqiza ubisi Milky;
• abahilelekile ka yehlukanise organelles ubudala;
• sizibekele izakhamzimba.

Njengoba ubona, lezi organelles indima mkhulu ngempela. Ingabe thina ukubalula ukuthi bayakwazi ukuba ngivule organelles ubudala, okusho ukuthi enze umsebenzi lysosomes. Ngakho, vacuole ungaba uketshezi oludingekayo ukuze hydrolysis zezinto ezilandelayo:

• amaprotheni;
• amafutha;
• carbohydrate;
• acid nucleic;
• phytohormones;
• ukukhiqizwa oluyingozi, nokunye.

Babuye abahilelekile ye-photosynthesis, okuyinto ebalulekile nje kuphela izitshalo kodwa nezalo ezinye izinto eziphilayo.

zooblast

Vacuoles Sokubambisana ingatholakala engosini ethi:

• angenasawoti lenyama ;
• ezingenamgogodla ezinamangqamuzana amaningi.

Esimweni sokuqala sizobe ukuhlangabezana vacuole contractile ukukhonza umbusi. Okungukuthi, ziyakwazi iyavuleka nokukhulula amanzi okweqile. Iqembu lesibili singaqhubeka eziphilayo eziningi, kuhlanganise:

• izipanji;
• coelenterates;
• izimpethu ciliated;
• shellfish.

Kulezi eziphilayo zakha vacuoles wokugaya ukudla, okuyinto bayakwazi ukugaya intracellular. Lesi sakamuva singabangela elasungulwa izilwane ephakeme, kodwa kuphela kumaseli ezithile (phagocytes).