Uyini-HIV futhi kanjani ukulwa naso?

igciwane ( HIV) igciwane ebhubhisa isimiso sezinto somzimba sokuzivikela. Ukuze uthole isikhathi esithile okungase iminyaka eminingi, indlela ukuvikela umzimba sika igcina HIV ngaphansi kolawulo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umuntu nge-HIV bangazizwa kahle ngokuphelele futhi azinazo izimpawu zokugula. Nokho, ezimweni eziningi, amasosha omzimba, ekugcineni udinga usizo ngesimo elwa ne-HIV ukuze uqhubeke ukugcina HIV ngaphansi kolawulo.

Igama elithi-AIDS (Acquired immunodeficiency Syndrome) ayisasetshenziswa kule isichazamazwi odokotela. Bakhetha ukukhuluma mayelana izigaba kamuva isihambile ukutheleleka nge-HIV. Esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokuba ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwengculaza kuye kwaba isimo isifo abanye abantu abanegciwane lesandulela-ngculaza, cishe nakanjani ukuthuthukisa njengoba HIV kuphela laqala ukuhlasela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni. Manje lokhu akuseyona kweqiniso.

is-HIV ngocansi kanjani?

Ukuze umuntu ukuba batheleleke nge leli gciwane, kumele lingene egazini HIV ngokwanele. Leli zinga le-HIV itholakala okunye, kodwa hhayi bonke, babangu-womuntu lomzimba utheleleke nge-HIV. Lezi uketshezi lomzimba eziqukethe HIV ngokwanele ukuthelela othile yilezi:

• igazi;

• isidoda futhi uketshezi kwesidoda;

• Okuphuma esithweni sowesifazane sangasese, kuhlanganise uketshezi kokuya esikhathini;

• Ubisi lwebele.

Okunye uketshezi lomzimba ezifana ngamathe, ukujuluka noma umchamo ayiqukethe igciwane esanele ngegciwane omunye umuntu.

HIV ayikwazi ayihambi ngokusebenzisa ebusweni isikhumba. Iphinde ayikwazi ayihambi ngokusebenzisa emoyeni, like a virus nomkhuhlane nemfiva.

Kwenzekani lapho umuntu one-HIV?

Abantu abaningi abanegciwane lesandulela-ngculaza awuboni ukuthi zazinayo. Emasontweni ambalwa ngemva kokuba ukutheleleka, izivikeli mzimba lingasinaki igciwane by kokukhiqiza amasosha omzimba. izimpawu Cishe Uyi yokuzwela ejwayelekile ezinye izifo eziningi, futhi singafaka obukhulu emphinjeni, imfiva noma ukuqubuka.

Lapho igciwane lesandulela ngculaza emzimbeni isikhathi eside, amasosha omzimba kuba zacekela kanzima futhi kunobungozi izifo ezingosomathuba. Kodwa zokuvimbela noma zokwelapha lezi izifo ezingosomathuba kungaba usebenzisa izidakamizwa.

izinkinga zangempela

Ngisho namanje, lapho kukhona eyingozi kakhulu imishanguzo-HIV, okungase ukucindezela ukutheleleka nge-HIV noma intuthuko ukuphila ngolwazi ukuthi umuntu igciwane elinzima futhi okungenzeka esongela ukuphila ukuthi kungaba nzima futhi kunzima. Umuntu one-HIV ungahlala isesimeni esihle ngokomzimba iminyaka eminingi, kodwa ukungaqondani nalokho okwesabayo ngokufa HIV kuyinto yayisasakazekile emphakathini. Abantu abaphila ne-HIV, zingase zibhekane ubutha kanye nokwenqatshwa ngisho nabangane bakho noma umndeni. Abanye balahlekelwe imisebenzi yabo futhi amakhaya ngenxa yesimo sengqondo noma aphethe lomqashi, nezingane nge-HIV evela kokuya esikoleni.

Abantu abaningi abane-HIV akhethe ukuba bangatsheli muntu mayelana uphethwe wakhe, ngaphandle nabangane abambalwa othembekile, kodwa umthwalo wokuveza ekusithekeni kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuba athwale. Ukuhlala ngolwazi ukuthi badlulisela lesi ukutheleleka sina komunye umuntu futhi kunzima ngempela.

EJalimane, ke basungula amaqembu bakusite aphebeze ngabodwa ukuthi kungabangela HIV, futhi ukusiza abantu unqobe izinguquko ekuphileni kwabo ukubhekana ekhona nge-HIV.

Izifundo lososayensi German luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukuthatha inhlanganisela ka antiretroviral (ukwelashwa) Kungenzeka ukubambezela umphumela olimazayo HIV esimisweni sokuzivikela. Uma ukwelashwa kuphumelela, kungase ngcono nokugcina impilo lomuntu one-HIV, futhi kwakuyosho ukuthi umuntu ngaphansi othambekele ukuthuthukiswa isimo, ngaphambili eyayaziwa AIDS.

Sisebenza kahle kangakanani ukuphathwa elwa ne-HIV?

zokwelapha yamanje ongaphumelela ukunciphisa izinga HIV egazini futhi zinomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni ezempilo sokuphila kwabantu abane-HIV. Nokho, izazi zesayensi azikuqondi kakazi imiphumela yesikhathi eside le mithi.

Eminyakeni eyisikhombisa ukuthi le mithi ezazitholakala, iziguli eziningi HIV emuva impilo enhle futhi ezimweni eziningi waphindela emsebenzini. Bambalwa anti-HIV izidakamizwa abantu abakwazi ukuzuza.