Uyini Civil Defense of the Russian Federation? izindawo ukuzivikela Civil

civil yesimiso sokuzivikela uvezwa uhlobo umcimbi obalulekile eziyinkimbinkimbi. Basuke ihlose ukuhlinzeka ukuqeqeshwa kanye nokuvikelwa kwempahla labantu, amasiko kanye nezinto isimo kuzo zonke izinhlobo izingozi eziba khona ukuziphatha noma umphumela isinyathelo sezempi. Imisebenzi zemizimba okuyinto afeze le misebenzi, kulawulwa uMthetho "Ngo-Civil Defense". Yena yatholwa 12 Februwari 1998. Ngokulandelayo, sihlolisise, lokho sezokuvikela.

sici

Civil Defense of the Russian Federation ukhonza njengelungu ingxenye isethi isiyonke izinyathelo zokuzivikela ngofaka isimo. Imisebenzi eyenziwa e sokuthula futhi ngesikhathi sempi. Ukuvikelwa civil wezwe inikeza isivikelo izindlela zesimanje esetshenziswa nesitha kuhlasela. Isakhiwo kuhlanganisa imisebenzi esiphuthumayo futhi umsebenzi wokulungisa wokutakula eziphuthumayo izilonda ezimweni eziphuthumayo ngesikhathi sempi futhi nenkathi yokuthula.

Izakhi eziyinhloko

Civil Defense - Service, olawula a eyinkimbinkimbi izinyathelo zokuzivikela. Amayunithi hhayi kuphela bona imisebenzi ngesikhathi izimo eziphuthumayo ngesikhathi sempi siye saba noma nenkathi yokuthula. Umthetho "Ngo-Civil Defense" futhi kudinga ukuqaliswa ukuqeqeshwa imithombo kanye nezisebenzi, kanye nokuqinisekisa inhlangano isebenza ekufezeni wokutakula nezinye imisebenzi ephuthumayo. CSOs ziyizidalwa ekhethekile. Zisekelwe amayunithi indawo-ukukhiqizwa isimiso. Lezi zinhlangano abafakiwe Armed Forces. Nokho, abanazo yindlela ekhethekile, impahla. Lezi zinhlangano uzilungiselele ngendlela ekhethekile evumela ukuthi ukuba kuvikela umphakatsi izingozi singenzeka ngesikhathi imisebenzi yezempi noma ngenxa yalo. GO insimu - endaweni lapho izinjongo sezokuvikela. Ikakhulukazi, la nemizana kukhona yinzuzo amasu noma kwezomnotho isimo. izindawo ukuzivikela Civil zinezikhathi ngezinga eliphezulu ingozi inhlekelele e impi nokuthula isikhathi.

Steering iyunithi

Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kule civil ukuzivikela, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi eziyinkimbinkimbi iqondiswa isimo. GO ubuholi nguMkhandlu kaHulumeni. Inqubomgomo isimo emkhakheni Civil eyenziwa yi-Federal amandla wezokuphatha. Ubizwa amandla ukuxazulula izinkinga ngqo uMongameli. GO Umhlahlandela federal esiphezulu emizimbeni Kwenziwa ababaphethe. Umsebenzi amayunithi izindawo zezifunda kanye kamasipala Ukudidiyela amakhanda abo nabaqashwa. Tinhloko emizimbeni esiphethe amazinga zendawo federal, iminyango kahulumeni kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi ngabanye obhekene inhlangano futhi wokuthatha amagadango ukuvikela labantu.

isakhiwo

Umbuzo "yini ukuzivikela civil" ingabonwa kusuka zombili. Okokuqala, njengoba kuye kwashiwo, le GO kuyinto iqoqo imisebenzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, yini ukuzivikela civil? Lesi sakhiwo ekhethekile ehlanganisa izinhlaka ezahlukene kanye amayunithi. Ikakhulukazi, le nkulumo ihlanganisa:

• emizimbeni Wendawo. Kwethulwa njengoba isikhungo lesifunda for Civil Defense, Eziphuthumayo kanye nokuPhathwa kweziNhlekelele. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa izidumbu ogunyazwe ukuxazulula imisebenzi ukuzivikela futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezidingekile ukuze kuvikelwe nokuqeda izimo eziphuthumayo ezindaweni Russian. Basuke agwedlayo angaba servicemen GO amabutho, izakhamuzi, amalungu ubuholi service umlilo. Izinduna emizimbeni indawo bamiswa amakhanda ejensi kahulumeni ngendlela yakhona.
• Amayunithi (abasebenzi) izinhlangano ngamandla ukuze uxazulule izinkinga emkhakheni GO. Basuke (esimisiwe) ngokuvumelana nenqubo eyasungulwa kaHulumeni.
• I federal isigungu. It is ogunyazwe ukuxazulula izinkinga yokuvikela.
• Division of Federal esiphezulu emizimbeni.

imisebenzi

ukuzivikela Civil (ezokuphepha sabantu ngezindlela eziningi kuxhomeke kulokho okwenzeka esiwuhlolayo isakhiwo) libekelwa imisebenti ezithile okuhloswe ngazo ukuvikela ulwazi nokuqeqeshwa kwabantu. Lemisebenti kuwele ngaphansi ka GO msebenzi. Ikakhulu, i-ukuzivikela civil Russian kuhlanganisa:

• Ukuvikelwa izindlela abazihlelele ukuqeqeshwa kusukela eziyingozi okuhlukahlukene kungenzeka ngesikhathi impi noma ngenxa ke.
• Ukunika abantu siqu izinto zokuzivikela zokukhosela.
• Esiphuthumayo nemagugu emasiko nesimo impahla kanye abantu endaweni ephephile.
• Ukwazisa abantu ngezingozi esavela inkambo ezempi noma ngenxa kubo.
• Wokuthatha amagadango yezinhlobo ezahlukene sifihle.
• Ukulwa imililo ezenzeka empini noma babe ophenyweni.
• Kuphethe ukutakulwa uma kwenzeka ingozi empini noma ngezikhathi zokuthula, futhi ngenxa yalokho lwenhlekelele abenziwe abantu noma uhlamvu zemvelo.
• usizo Priority (izinkinga zempilo, ezihlanganisa) sabantu abathintekayo eziphuthumayo noma ngesikhathi ukuziphatha impi. Kulesi iqoqo izinyathelo, phakathi kokunye, zihlanganisa ukuhlinzekwa ngokushesha kwezindlu.
• Ukukhomba kanye ekubizweni izindawo eziye zabhekana begazi, enemisebe, amakhemikhali kanye nezinye izinhlobo ukutheleleka.
• Decontamination sabantu, isimo sezwe, izakhiwo kanye nemishini.
• Ukubuyiselwa kanye nokulondolozwa oda ezindaweni ehlaselwe lokulwa noma ngenxa yabo, futhi ngenxa yenhlekelele yemvelo kanye manmade.
• sokubuyiselwa ngokushesha kubalulekile isofthiwe Umbuso indawo yomphakathi phakathi nempi.
• yokungcwaba Esiphuthumayo lababuleweyo ekulweni.
• Ukuthuthukiswa nokusebenzisa izinyathelo ezihlose ukulondolozwa amasayithi kubaluleke ngokukhethekile ukusebenza komnotho okusimeme kusinda labantu phakathi nempi.
• Ukuqinisekisa isimo njalo ekuzimiseleni izimali namabutho civil.

amasevisi

amayunithi ukuzivikela Civil Russia enikeziwe:

• Izindawo.
• Emaphethelweni.
• Republics.
• Izihloko.
• izifunda ezizimele kanye izifundazwe.
• Amadolobha.
• Izindawo.

Isinqumo kwi ukwakheka amasevisi GO ukuthatha imizimba esiphezulu, abaholi izinhlangano zikahulumeni abantu ngokwamandla abo. Amalungiselelo evunywe izikhulu efanele.

Kusho futhi Civil Defense amabutho

Russian Civil Defense eyenziwa amayunithi lempi akhandwe ukuhlangabezana nezinhloso. Armed Forces nezinye amayunithi lempi bafeze imisebenzi yabo ngokuhambisana nezinhlinzeko lelawula GO. izingxenye obandakanyiwe namayunithi ukusebenzisa imisebenzi eyenziwa ngendlela evunywe uMongameli. Imisebenzi abezimo eziphuthumayo kuphethwe iziqondiso ezifanele. Konke lokhu bamisa izindlela namabutho zomsebenzi.

Uhlaka for Action

Civil Defense of the Russian Federation olunikezwa zamabutho empi anawo at okuyinto isu elikhethekile, kanye abandayo kanye nezibhamu. Amasosha zikhishwa izitifiketi elihambisana iphethini ejwayelekile. Imibhalo ukuqinisekisa isimo sabo. Futhi khona ngesimo izinhlamvu ngamazwe GO umehluko. Abasebenzi abakwaziyo ezithintekile federal esiphezulu umnyango, ukuba amandla akhethekile ukubhekana nezindaba ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa sabantu. Umsebenzi GO amabutho kwenziwe nge isimemezelo umthetho karate, kokugqashuka langempela izingxabano, uMongameli wamemezela isimo zempi ngezikhathi zokuthula lapho kuba nenhlekelele yemvelo, izifo epizootic, izifo kanye nenhlekelele, engozini enkulu, esongela impilo yabantu ezidinga ukubulawa sokutakula eminye imisebenzi wokuphuthuma.

CSO

Inqubo esungulwe nguHulumende imfundo yabantwana babo. Isakhiwo izinhlangano zomphakathi kungenzeka zifakwe ku izakhamuzi Russian: abesifazane 18-55, amadoda iminyaka 18-60. Ngaphandle kule mikhakha elandelayo:

• inkonzo yezempi ngemiyalo ukugqugquzela.
• Abesifazane kanye medobrazovanie ephakeme noma yesibili nezingane kuze iminyaka 3.
• Invalids amaqembu 1-3.
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe abondliwa kuze iminyaka 8.

zokwakheka okungezona ezempi

Ziyakwazi eqenjini elithile emphakathini. Isibalo sawo kunqunywa imibhalo ebusayo. zokwakheka Non-lempi impahla ifakwe futhi imishini, ezibekwe ngokuhambisana ikhadi umbiko. La maqembu zibizwa ngokuthi "Rescue (ehlanganisiwe) ithimba." zokwakheka Non-lempi ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka:

• Be - indawo futhi into.
• Injongo - jikelele, ezikhethekile kanye nohlobo okhethekile.
• Degree ekuzimiseleni - futhi lalilokhu landa usuku nosuku.

Kusifunda ngasinye kukhona Ibutho ehlukile sezokuvikela. Kuye uhlobo eziphuthumayo, i-MO ikhomba izindlela ezithile namabutho, Ministry Interior - Fire amayunithi noma amaqembu, Ministry of Health - lamabutho amasethi esibhedlela futhi abasebenzi polyclinic.

amasignali

Bona iyashiyana isimo. Ngo sokuthula, umlayezo owodwa: "Ukunakwa wonke!" Ukulandela umbhalo ukuthi isakhiwa e abasebenzi abangekho empini. Isignali ye-ezisetshenziswa isikhathi empi; "Imisebe eyingozi izingozi", "ukukhathazeka Chemical", "Hang emoyeni-kugasela", "umoya kugasela". Kulo mBhalo, i-izisebenzi zokwakheka okungezona ezempi esikhathini ukusebenza usebenza ngokuhambisana oda izinduna. Ngo ngemuva kwamahora abasebenzi ayokhosela - ezakhiwe olukhethekile sezokuvikela.

umthetho womphakathi ukuvikelwa ezimweni eziphuthumayo emkhakheni Civil

izakhamuzi isiRashiya, ngokuvumelana noMthetho Federal nezinye izenzo normative-zomthetho olawula ihogela GO can futhi kufanele:

• izindlela Oqeqeshiwe yokuvikela izingozi eziba khona ekulweni noma yi yabo.
• Isiza izinhlangano of igunya isimo nezinhlangano ogunyaziwe umsebenzi yokunikeza Civil Defense.

Umphakathi unelungelo lokuthathwa njengomsulwa:

• Ukuvikela impilo, impahla kanye impilo yakho kugadla inhlekelele.
• Sebenzisa imali (collective ngabanye), kanye nenye impahla yakhe nakhelwe Ukuvikelwa.
• Thola impesheni esimweni owasinda owafa noma abafa lapho begula noma belimele wathola ngenkathi benza imisebenzi yabo ukuze kuvikeleke insimu futhi labantu ezimweni eziphuthumayo.
• Qaphela izingozi lapho zingase ngaphansi uma uhlale ezindaweni ezithile, futhi mayelana izinyathelo zokuphepha.
• Thola impesheni lapho ukukhubazeka ngenxa yokugula noma yokulimala wathola ngesikhathi kubulawa imisebenzi ku ukuvikelwa izimo eziphuthumayo.
• Xhumana mathupha nabanye futhi wathumela kuJehowashi iziphathimandla abanekhono izicelo collective nezimemezelo ukuvikelwa amasimu futhi izakhamuzi ngokumelene izinhlekelele.
• Thola khulula yezenhlalakahle isimo umshwalense, isinxephezelo kanye nezinzuzo yomonakalo uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo.
• Bamba iqhaza emisebenzini ukuqeda futhi kuvimbele eziphuthumayo ngendlela ebekiwe.
• Ukwamukela isinxephezelo umonakalo ukuthi kwabangelwa impahla kanye nezempilo.

Izibopho sabantu

izakhamuzi Russian kufanele:

• Thobela imithetho nezinye izenzo normative wezomthetho federal, amagugu subjective evikela izindawo kanye nabantu.
• Funda amasu usizo lokuqala, obusa ngoba ukusetshenziswa izindlela ngamunye nanjengeqembu sokuvikeleka.
• Qaphelisisani imithetho yokuphepha ngesikhathi imisebenzi umsebenzi nsuku zonke futhi ekhaya, zokugwema ukwephulwa kwezinqubomgomo isiyalo kwezobuchwepheshe kanye ukukhiqizwa, kanye nezidingo kwemvelo ukuthi kungaholela enhlekeleleni.
• Ukuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho, noma ingozi esimweni esiphuthumayo.

GO amathemba ukuthuthukiswa

Esikhathini esizayo isakhiwo eyanele iyokwakhiwa ngokuhambisana isimiso ukuhamba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ohulumeni, ezolimo, izimboni kanye nezinye izinhlaka zomnotho kufanele uzilungiselele inguquko okusheshayo isebenze ngokuhambisana izinhlelo kwesikhathi impi. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukuzivikela civil kuthanda kakhulu indawo, kunokuba yomnyango ngokwemvelo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi esifundeni ngasinye yayiyoba akancikile kwabanye ngezinye izinto futhi ukuxazulula izinkinga ngokuyinhloko ekhaya.

Ekuphetheni

Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane ezingeni izidingo zanamuhla, kumele kuqhutshekwe nokwenza ngcono isakhiwo amaphuzu kanye neziphathimandla, sifinyelele kuhlomisa imishini emisha lobuchwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isidingo njalo ngcono izindlela Iinhlangano umsebenzi wabo bonke abasebenzi, ukuze kuhlanganisa begodu kuthuthukisa isipiliyoni theory kanye nama-practical, bathuthukise ukuqeqeshwa we-apharathasi ebusayo.