Ingozi Professional: definition, izici, amazinga kanye ngezigaba izingozi emsebenzini, izindlela emsebenzini ukuhlolela ubungozi

Ngekhulu XX umbuzo ekuhloleni ezicini ezihlukahlukene ingozi liye laba nezokusigcoba kakhulu. Humanity ngalesi sikhathi uye baphumelela inqubo yokululama womsebenzi. Ephawulekayo ngcono abantu nenhlalakahle jikelele; emazweni amaningi European bempilo liye lenyuka. Nokho, izingozi esintwini akugcini nje kwehle, kodwa kunalokho anda ukuvama kwazo kuye kwandisa bemiphumela, kanye nesimo ngokubukeka kwabo kakhulu more xaka.

izimfanelo

Njengoba omunye engcupheni esivuna kwembulunga yonke kohlelo kwezomnotho. Aphinde asheshise ukuhamba "ishayela" sokuhlupheka kusuka kwelinye iphuzu eya kwelinye iplanethi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo , ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke yomnotho kuthinta zezombangazwe, zezenhlalo, zezezimali, ukudala lapha izingozi ezihilelekile. Ngenxa yalokho, sengozini cishe wonke umphakathi international imba eqolo. Kukhona manje kuyaxoxwa izinhlekelele kwezombangazwe nakwezempi, ukufudumala, ukusabalala ubuphekula, ukuntuleka kwamanzi okuphuza. Umqondo "ingozi" lizimelele ku isichazamazwi yesimanje.

Isimo emhlabeni

Umqondo "ingozi" sihunyushwa ngokokukhetha kwabacwaningi ezahlukene ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngokusho Giddens, ke uba Imfanelo semvelo sawo "yesimanjemanje esezingeni eliphezulu". Lo msuka libhekene eliyisisekelo uncontrollability uchungechunge izinqubo kanye izimo usongo hhayi nabalingisi ngabanye nemiphakathi emincane futhi isintu sisonke. U. Beck ukholelwa ukuthi ingozi kuwuphawu olunzulu umphakathi esikhathini esithile sokuthuthuka, okuyinto, ngemuva kokuphumelela Usuqhubekile zezimboni nangemuva yezimboni ukuthuthukiswa, abe "umphakathi engozini". essence yayo itholakala iqiniso ukuthi logic yezimboni ekuqongeleleni kanye ukwabiwa komnotho uguqulwe umbono ka ukusatshalaliswa kwenqwaba yemilayezo izinhlobo ezahlukene izinsongo eyenziwe izinhlelo kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe. Inkambu elikhulayo ukusatshalaliswa futhi ngezinga izingozi kubangele ukwehla kwentengo ngomnotho adalwe umphakathi. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka ukuntengantenga global, iphula isimiso emakethe umnotho.

ukuphepha

Bayalithakasela Isasasa Esinalo ubunjalo okuvela kuyo izingozi ehlukahlukene bekulokhu isihloko somnsebenzi lochwepheshe emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Manje izonikezwa ezihlukahlukene izinsongo ukuthi ososayensi balalela ekhethekile. izinhlobo Ubungozi, isibonelo, zihlanganisa sesimanje, zezombangazwe, zobuchwepheshe, civilizational. Izinsongo kuphenyisiswe mayelana lezinto ezahlukene kanye nezinhlangano ohlala ngaphansi kwezimo ezingafani. Njengoba umqondo ukhiye, okuyinto ephawula ezingeni isivikelo abameli ingozi, ukuphepha. Lesi sigaba has purposive ukuphathwa ukubaluleka usongo. Ezokuphepha kudinga ephakeme kakhulu ezingeni ukuvikelwa izakhiwo zomphakathi amathonya zobuchwepheshe kanye nezombusazwe. Le ndlela livikeleke zoMthetho Federal № 2446-1 kusukela 1992. It kubhekwa njengoba isimo ephephile yokuvikela yomuntu, umphakathi kanye nesimo obaluleke kakhulu kumuntu yezihloko izikhulumi iqoqo izidingo, ukwaneliseka ngokwazi ukuthi iqinisekisa ukuthi kungenzeka intuthuko. Lenchazelo sibonisa isigaba-engeli amabili:

1. A bubhalwe kuwusongo lwangempela kubantu impilo nokuphila izimo imisebenzi evamile ukusebenza labantu, imiphakathi yabo nasemphakathini wonkana. Le ndlela lihlukile izilungiselelo olusemthethweni ezazikhona samuva nje ezingqondweni zabantu, waqonda ukuphepha njengoba ukungabi Imininingwane nganoma iyiphi ingozi.
2. Uhamba phambili ekufezeni lokhu noma ukuthi ezingeni sokuphepha ezingaba kuphela woza amaphesenti eduze eziyikhulu. It kuxhomeke ezicini eziningi, futhi ukutholakala kwemali emphakathini.

ingozi Occupational: definition

Lokhu usongo kuyinto ezenziwe umuntu. Igama elithi "ehambisana nomsebenzi" ikakhulukazi ngokujulile wafunda njengengxenye kumiswa saziso izindlela umshuwalense social ngokumelene izingozi ekukhiqizeni nezifo emsebenzini, ukusungulwa impesheni izinhlelo saziso. ingozi Professional kuyinto ematfuba ukulahlekelwa (umonakalo) zempilo noma ukufa okuhlobene ne-ekwenzeni imisebenzi ngaphansi inkontileka omsebenzi futhi kwezinye izimo osungulwe ngokomthetho.

imikhakha Key

Imibhalo normative setha imiqondo eziningana ezihlobene ingozi emsebenzini. Ikakhulukazi, amalungiselelo akhona zomthetho isigaba ezinjalo, degree of ukulimala, ukugula futhi unikeze izindleko umshwalense, nime izinhlobo imisebenzi izinkampani zomshuwalense. Zonke lezi zinto isigaba ingozi ezingeni okhokhelwayo. Ukuze abone izingozi ezingaba khona futhi kwebalingisi ambalwa of izinsongo kwenziwe ukuhlaziya ehlelekile. Ukuhlolwa kwezinhlekelele emsebenzini yinqubo test esekelwe ingozi ukuhlaziywa imiphumela. Kuyadingeka zokukhomba ukuthi umkhawulo ovumelekile weqiwe ingozi. ukuphathwa kobungozi kuyinto umsebenzi ehlelekile igxile zokunciphisa degree of ingozi ngaphakathi uhlaka lwezindinganiso elilungile. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlaziywa kanye ukuqinisekisa izinsongo, ukuthuthukiswa nokuqaliswa izinyathelo zokuzivikela, kanye kwebalingisi of ukusebenza kwabo. Lungile ucingo ingozi, okungadingi usongo olukhulu ukuze ngetenhlalo nemagugu uma kutholakala.

izinkinga ezikhona

Kumiswa izimfanelo ukusungulwa kanye nokusebenza ngempumelelo kwezikhungo umshwalense kuhambisana ngesinqumo eziningi imisebenzi esiphuthumayo. Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukuba ukuthuthukisa isimiso esisha shá for ukuhlaziya zwe. Okwesibili, kumele udale iqoqo izindlela zokwelapha-social, yenhlangano, zomthetho kanye zezimali ezihlobene ngoba olawula sphere zokuphepha. Uma sicabangela le nkinga kuqala, ivolumu nezindaba ezidinga izixazululo eliqhutshwa imvelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokusongelwa, ezihlukahlukene labo elikhulu, isikhathi eside futhi kunzima ukuba sibikezele imiphumela. Ukwahlukanisa izingozi emsebenzini kuhlanganisa namaqembu ezingefani ezingaphezu kuka-150. Ngaphakathi ivelele mayelana 1000 izinhlobo izinsongo yingozi ngempela ukuba ayizinkulungwane 2. Amakhono Ezingafani. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, uhlu ekhona akuphelele. Yethula ke izinhlobo izingozi emsebenzini ezihlobene kuphela ezicini ezithile ezempilo nezokuphepha kwabasebenzi.

ngqo we

Ngiphephile ingozi okusakazekile professional ensimini kubangelwa ngezinga eliphezulu umsebenzi ezimbonini. Njengengxenye imikhiqizo ukukhuthalele isicelo ubuchwepheshe kanye nemishini, kwezinto eziphilayo futhi amakhemikhali, amandla nemisebe eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini. Konke lokhu - emsebenzini engcupheni. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo ezehlukene zezimboni kuholela yokuthi cishe kuyo yonke imikhakha yokuphila kwabantu, kuhlanganise non-ukukhiqizwa, benamandla zonke izinhlobo izinsongo. Ochwepheshe abaningi bathi aluqede ngokuphelele kungenzeka ezimweni eziyingozi labasebenzi emkhakheni zokukhiqiza impahla okwamanje akunakwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ezweni lanamuhla kuba ukuhlola nakakhulu olunzulu ingozi emsebenzini.

izimiso ukuhlaziywa

Ngo yesimanje zokulawula kusukela yasungulwa izimfuneko ezithile yokuhlaziya emsebenzini izingozi. Ukuhlaziywa kumele kube:

1. Hhayi ngesikhathi osithandayo, kodwa bayazi inqubo, umphumela womsebenzi okunenjongo. Kufanele sibonise isithakazelo kanye isisebenzi kanye umqashi.
2. Quantitative. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amazinga izingozi emsebenzini kuhlobane ngokuqondile Usayizi iholo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, yokukhiqiza anikezwa izibonelelo isisebenzi. Kulo msebenzi, okuhloswe ngazo ukunciphisa izingozi emsebenzini, kufanele futhi quantified, njengoba futhi ezihlobene izindleko.
3. Inhloso, okusekelwe ezimisweni, izindlela, izinqubo kanye nokunye. Waqaphela futhi umqashi kanye nomsebenzi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuhlaziywa kumelwe kucace bonke ababambe iqhaza zabasebenzi.

Ngakho kusukela osekushiwo ukuthi emsebenzini izindlela ubungozi kufanele:

1. Ukuze unikeze idatha uningilize. It is uvunyelwe ukusebenzisa isikali ehlukene: simo, isikhawu nokunye.
2. Iba elula enembile. Izindlela professional Ukuhlolela ubungozi kufanele uhlinzeke kungenzeka abamele ezingxenyeni ezahlukene ohlelweni nezokuphatha, okuhlanganisa izinduna, esigabeni izinduna, izinduna, izingcweti.
3. Lokucabanga reproducibility imiphumela etholwe ngokunemba kusengaphambili. Ngokwesibonelo, uma kwenzeka ingxabano yomsebenzi, ukuhlolwa izindinganiso ezithile, ukuhlaziya nokusebenza kwama-izinyathelo zokuvimbela nokunye.

Matrix "Amathuba - umonakalo"

ingozi Professional lingasethwa ngokuya ambalwa ngaphandle ukubala ngqo izenzakalo umhlahlo. Isebenzisa matrix "okungenzeka-umonakalo". Ingqikithi le ndlela itholakala lokuthi ukuthi onguchwepheshe esimweni ngasinye sisungula kungenzeka nesenzakalo yayo isikhundla: phansi, maphakathi, high. Ngaphakathi accordance nga lo Kutholwe ngomonakalo: ezinkulu, aphakathi nendawo, amancane. Le ndlela ubhekwa evame kakhulu ababhekene nazo emazweni asethuthukile ngenxa lula. Nokho, le ndlela subjective kakhulu. Ngokubeka ingozi, amakhono athile kungenziwa okusekelwe ulwazi lwabo kanye nakho, kanye imizwa yomuntu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kwesikhathi angawususa yi ehluke ngokuphelele izimo okokufaka okufanayo.

imisebenzi ngamazwi

Ukuze ususe ngaphandle kwekutsatsa luhlangotsi liqine okungenzeka ngalo ingozi ezingase ziphakame, uchwepheshe oyisazi incazelo ezihlukahlukene ezimweni. Ingqikithi yalo ndlela ukuthi ngayinye ukubaluleka ambalwa of ematfuba nesenzakalo lomcimbi sifana nobuntu endabeni ethile. Lapho echaza Amathuba uchwepheshe ngamunye iholwa iqoqo imithetho:

1. Noma isiphi isimo akuhambisani nalesiprofetho kwebalingisi libhekisela kolunye.
2. Akekho icala virtual noma real kungenzeka ingafani izincazelo 2nd noma ngaphezulu ngesikhathi esisodwa.
3. Amazwi aleso izimo ezithile amathuba isimo has ukuxhumana ne izinyathelo eziqondile zokuzivikela, okuyinto edingekayo ukuhlinzekela ukuqedwa ngokuphelele leli qiniso.
4. Ekuqaliseni zokuvikeleka, okuphathelene incazelo yento, umcimbi lithuthela olandelayo, ezingeni eliphakeme lapho ingozi kuyehla.

Izinga kokugcwaliseka kwesibonakaliso izidingo zokuphepha

ingozi Professional kungenziwa ihlaziye ngesisekelo ezizathwini mayelana Amathuba balandise zonke noma eziningi zezingozi ebalulwe kumithethonkombiso (zendawo, isimo, umkhakha) e RT, umlilo nokuphepha ezimbonini. Kusolwa ukuthi kuhambisana e kuqinisekisa ngokugcwele ukuthi akukho izingozi emsebenzini. Nokho, nkulumo yokugcina, unephutha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingozi ehambisana ne-umsebenzi noma into, kungenakususwa ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokuphazamisa umsebenzi esihambisanayo noma ukususa umthombo. Noma kunjalo, uma nisanda kokuqala wokuthatha amagadango ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimo zabasebenzi kwalesi sitatimende angabhekwa evumelekile.

Elmer uhlelo

Kuthathwa enye engaqondile professional amasu ukuhlolela ubungozi. uhlelo Elmer kuhilela sokuhlukanisa Inkomba zokuphepha. Kusho iphesenti kokuba value kusuka 0 ukufika ku-100 Ngokwesibonelo, isibalo sabantu 60% kusho ukuthi 60 out eziyikhulu amaphuzu iyahlangabezana nezidingo. Ububi zalesi simiso ibizwa ngokuthi ochwepheshe kwefrakshini izici ezithinta ukuphepha nokusebenza. Ngokwesibonelo, omunye amaphuzu inikezwa nokushintshashintsha ngokungabi bikho izithiyo ngesikhathi umsebenzi zasemoyeni, futhi uma kukhona enganele ububanzi yedlula amatafula umnyango ezimali. Lena ngezinga elithile obuhlanekezela isithombe real izingozi ezingase ziphakame inkampani, okuyinto yena, ayivumeli ukuhlela imisebenzi kahle KUSUKELA kuye ukubaluleka izinsongo kanye izinyathelo kuqala. Noma kunjalo, inqubo ukusetshenziswa Elmer sika kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukuthuthukisa uhlelo yezokuphepha hhayi ungayi ndawo, futhi ikakhulukazi ukuqeda ukuphambuka itholiwe.

inkomba OVR

Okuningi ezanele ukuhlolela ubungozi Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa indlela ethuthukisiwe Elmer. Ngokufanayo ohlelweni langaphambilini, inkomba sivezwe kula uhlobo "meet - alihlangani". Nokho, kulesi simo, ukuhlukana kwenziwa ezinhlwini 3rd. Ngakho, ezindimeni nge "O" iqukethe izidingo zokuphepha saziso. Ukwahluleka okuthobela nanoma kuphakama ezingeni eliphakeme zochwepheshe ingozi - ematfuba ukulimala noma ukugula. Lezi zimfuneko, isibonelo, zihlanganisa ukuseviswa amathuluzi, ukusetshenziswa PPE, khona interlocks, izihlangu nokunye. Esikhathini izigaba ne Inkomba "B" unamalungiselelo kubalulekile lokungalandeli umthetho eningeke ukulimala noma isifo, kodwa kukhona ezingeni enganele yenhlangano umsebenzi isofthiwe evela yikuphi ukwephula kungaholela okubi kakhulu ngemiphumela kwenzekeni. Lezi zimfuneko, isibonelo, zihlanganisa isimo sihamba, abasebenzi kits nokunye. Ezigabeni nge "R" izincomo samanje eziphathelene nenhlangano emisebenzini futhi inqubo zabasebenzi. Ngamandla abo, basuke akubhekwa saziso, Nokho, iphuzu ezithebeni abasebenzi nabaphathi umbuzo show ibhizinisi isiko nesiyalo. Ukubulawa ngamunye amaphuzu amela kulinganiselwa ngaso 3, 2 neyoku-1 iphuzu. Umphumela ungase ube ukungahambisani ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka ukucacisa degree langempela ingozi futhi ucacise imisebenzi iqhutshwe kwasekuqaleni. Nge metering njalo Inkomba ISI usukela yezinguquko ukuphepha emsebenzini. ISI Inkomba esetshenziswa njengendlela ifomu ukhonkolo kanye umgomo lwempendulo ekusebenzeni kwezinhlelo zokunciphisa izingozi nokwenza ngcono izimo zokusebenza.

umshuwalense social

Kule ndawo, basengozini professional kubhekwa njengento ematfuba nesenzakalo eqembu elithile lezisebenzi ezingozini ezidalwa ukulahlekelwa ngamaholo kanye ufuna ukunxeshezelwa ukwelashwa futhi okwalandela nokuvuselelwa izindleko izindleko. Njengoba isici esiyinhloko Institute of umshwalense ayimpoqo yezenhlalakahle esivuna isikhundla ukuthi isihloko imisebenzi yakhe ifakiwe ubudlelwane kwezomthetho nakwezomnotho ngokuphathelene emibi yezenhlalakahle bomsebenzi. Kule ndaba, ekuhlaziyeni nasekumiseni degree of ingozi asetshenziswa izindlela, kuhlanganise nezigaba izindleko, okuyinto ibalwa umthamo isinxephezelo inkokhelo.