Umzimba ciliary (umzimba ciliary): lokuphatselene nesakhiwo nemsebenti. amehlo Ukushayela

Choroid obhekene yokuhlala, lithathelwe nokudla ngwengwzi - ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu isakhiwo we inhlamvu yeso. It liqukethe izingxenye eziningana, enye yazo ciliary (ciliary) emzimbeni. It sakhiwa a sebuningini izitsha kanye amaseli, isakhiwo okuyinto sici kwemisipha bushelelezi.

La mangqamuzana ahlelwe izingqimba, ngamunye ephethe isiqondiso lalo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngendlela efanele emzimbeni ciliary, okuyinto iwukuhlale ukulokhu siqu imisipha Imicu yotshani kanye nokuqiniseka ukuthi amandla esweni ukugxila at amabanga ehlukene (yokuhlala). Omunye umsebenzi obalulekile wemfundo kubhekwa ekulinganiseni kanye nokugcina ingcindezi oyifunayo ngaphakathi inhlamvu yeso.

Isakhiwo nokwakheka iso

Ngakho-ke yini ingxenye okuthiwa we choroid, futhi yiziphi imisebenzi yayo? Ukuze uqonde, kudingeka ucabangele isakhiwo iso. Anatomy ehlukanisa ezibukwayo isitho 4 izingxenye eziyinhloko:

1. I-peripheral ingxenye, ngokuthi namanje beqonda (sifaka inhlamvu yeso oqondile, iziphathimandla ukuvikelwa iso, izitho okhonzile futhi uhlelo kwemisipha unesibopho ukuhamba yeso).
2. Pathways eyayakhiwa optic nerve, ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo futhi endleleni.
3. izikhungo Visual ku subcortex.
4. Ayanda izikhungo ezibukwayo, okuyinto zitholakala endaweni ezingemuva cortex cerebral.

I inhlamvu yeso - yidivayisi oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu optical eliqinisekisa ukuthi mdwebo ongezansi iso.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko umzimba ibizwa ngokuthi ukudluliswa ezithembekile isithombe emsipheni optic. Futhi nawe uhilelekile zonke izingxenye yeso:

• cornea;
• ekamelweni anterior;
• iris;
• Umfundi;
• lens;
• amahlaya Vitreous ;
• I-retina inezinhlobo;
• sclera;
• choroid (eqinisweni, ingxenye yalo umzimba ciliary esweni).

Itholakala, njengoba kuboniswa umdwebo phakathi sclera, iris futhi retina.

Umzimba ciliary: lokuphatselene nesakhiwo nemsebenti

Kusukela umbono we-anatomy kuchazwe ingxenye yeso - evaliwe annular kwabantu ezikhuluma iris, i-scleral igobolondo amehlo. Ilungiselelo elinjalo, ngenhlanhla ayivumeli kuhlolisiswe ngqo komzimba ciliary.

Uma ucabangela nohlaka isakhi imfundo, izingxenye zalo ezimbili ungabahlukanisa: i ciliary flat.

• okufika kuqala eduze emaphethelweni igiya, kanti ububanzi emhlabeni 4 mm.
• Eyesibili, ciliary, ububanzi esiphezulu isesikhathini 2 mm. Kuyinto kuso kukhona izinqubo ezikhethekile (ciliary noma ciliary), okuyinto ndawonye bakha umqhele ciliary. Basuke abahileleke ngokuqondile kumiswa uketshezi ehlweni. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa filtration igazi e sebuningini yegazi zingene ngokoqobo ngamunye izinqubo kokuba Phela, ukuma ipuleti-like.

Uma ucabangela umzimba ciliary emangqamuzaneni, singabona ukuthi liqukethe ezimbili zamatshe mesodermal futhi neuroectodermal. Isakhiwo siqukethe izinhlobo ezimbili zokuqala kwezicubu - zezinzwa futhi kwemisipha. Kodwa neuroectodermal kungagcini kokuba amaseli EPITHELIAL kuphela, khona lapho kungenxa ukusabalala yokugcina ungqimba retina.

It kuvela uhlobo ikhekhe egqinsiwe, izingqimba zazo wahlela kanje (kusukela ngokujulile)

• ungqimba kwemisipha;
• ungqimba semithambo;
• engaphansi ulwelwesi;
• epithelium sombala;
• ngaphandle sombala epithelium ungqimba;
• yangaphakathi ngokwahlukana ulwelwesi.

Ngokulandelayo, sizoxoxa Izingxenye ezisemqoka umzimba ciliary, okubandakanya iso idayagramu.

ungqimba kwemisipha

Lesi sendlalelo libhekene imisipha eziningana, uhamba bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene: longitudinal, osabalalayo futhi isiyingi. imisipha Imicu yotshani Longitudinally ezahlukene ngokuthi Brucke imisipha, nokuba ingxenye olwelwesini. Ngezansi babo radially iqondiswe imisipha Ivanov. Futhi Kuvalwa kuthiwa circularly iqondiswe imisipha Mueller.

Injongo eyinhloko yawo ungqimba ngamunye ukubamba iqhaza inqubo ikhono iso ukususa umbono at amabanga ehlukene (yokuhlala). Lokhu kwenzeka ngendlela elandelayo. Engxenyeni engaphakathi umzimba ciliary baxhumana ngaphandle lens (capsule yayo) nge ciliary ibhande ehlanganisa sebuningini kwezintambo zesivikelo sesifuba thinnest. Inhloso yale sakhiwo ukulungisa lens endaweni, kanye nokusiza imisipha ciliary phakathi izinqubo accommodative.

I Imicu yotshani ibhande ciliary ngokuthi zonulyarnymi namanje ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: front futhi bakhulise. Eyokuqala exhunywe enkabazwe kanye anterior capsule lens endaweni kanye yesibili bhé, futhi ngenxa yalokhu ezingemuva. Ngenxa ukungezwani kwabo futhi aziphumulele imisipha ciliary idluliselwa lens igobolondo, bese iba ngaphezulu oyindilinga, noma ngaphezulu elongate njengoba inqubo ngokugxila iso at ibanga elithile.

ungqimba semithambo

Isakhiwo lesi sendlalelo akahlukile kakhulu kusukela isakhiwo sale choroid, ukuqhubeka elithize abengumsunguli. Isendlalelo Ukwakheka semithambo kuhlanganisa ikakhulu emithanjeni ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingxenye enkulu Umthambo iso etholakala eduze choroid, futhi, Isimanga siwukuthi, emzimbeni ciliary, kodwa enemisipha ingxenye. Kwaba izitsha ezincane lwemithambo bese ufaka choroid.

engaphansi ulwelwesi

Ukuqhubeka choroid futhi lesi sendlalelo. On engxenyeni engaphakathi embozwe ezimbili izinhlobo amaseli EPITHELIAL: amelanotic futhi sombala. Lezi zinhlobo amaseli limane nje-non-ukusebenza kwe-retina. Ngale kwayo akukho ulwelwesi nokukhawulela ukuthi akukhona nje ukuthi ungqimba yokugcina umzimba ciliary, kodwa futhi ehlukanisa ke kusukela amahlaya Vitreous.

I bokuphila indima umzimba ciliary

imisebenzi eminingana eziyisisekelo umzimba ciliary bungabonakala:

• Ukubamba iqhaza yokuhlala, kanye nekhono ukushintsha ukuma capsule lens ngokusebenzisa ungqimba imisipha yomzimba ciliary. yokuhlala olunikezwa ukulungiswa olunembile ngaphakathi 5 Diopters.
• Ukunikeza inombolo ezanele uketshezi intraocular, ngenxa yokuthi umzimba ciliary yakhiwa inqwaba izitsha, futhi ngenxa yalokho, has ukuphakelwa kahle kwegazi. Ngemva kwalokho, esebenzisa lolu ketshezi liyadingeka esikhathini esithile ingcindezi nezinye izingxenye yeso.
• Ukulondoloza ingcindezi efanele ngaphakathi iso, okuyinto ingenye izimo ukuletha omnandi, nombono ocacile.
• Isimiso semithambo yegazi abathintekayo ekuqinisekiseni supply we ciliary umzimba, uyasondla futhi retina.
• umzimba Ciliary uba usekelo lwe iris.

Pathology yomzimba ciliary

Kwezokwelapha, abelwe sifo, kungaphansi umzimba ciliary:

• I-glaucoma. Kulesi ukugula siyabhubha yakhoibrium phakathi kwemiqondo uketshezi intraocular futhi outflow yayo.
• Iridocyclitis. It libhekene ukubukeka izinqubo ukuvuvukala emzimbeni ciliary.
• Ingcindezi encishisiwe ehlweni, ngokunciphisa ivolumu uketshezi therein. Lokhu kungaholela ukuvuvukala Izendlalelo epithelium.
• Izimila emzimbeni ciliary. Kwezinye izimo, bangase eliphansi.
• pathologies abahlukahlukene imvelo esingokwemvelo.

Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala yenkinga kubalulekile ukuba kudlule luhlolo ekhethekile, ukuvumela ukubona umzimba ciliary esweni, ukuthola ukuthi yini izinqubo sokugembula iqala, futhi iphathwa uma kunesidingo.

yi

Efingqa, kubalulekile futhi ukuthi umzimba ciliary, yingxenye choroid, unesibopho eziningi imisebenzi ebalulekile ngaphakathi inhlamvu yeso. Phakathi kwabo - the ukuzinza yokucindezelwa ehlweni futhi ekulondolozeni ukulinganisela kwakhe, ukuhlanganiswa kwezici uketshezi intraocular, ukugcinwa evamile igazi flow nezicubu eziseduze kanye, yebo, abahilelekile yokuhlala. Umuntu kumelwe akhumbule ukuthi izifo ciliary umzimba kuyobonakala ngesimo jikelele umuntu.