Umthetho ku isitoreji idatha yomuntu siqu ngamagama alula. Personal yokuvikela idatha eRussia

Idatha yomuntu siqu - ulwazi mayelana inhlangano ethile ngokomzimba. Abasebenzisi ulwazi faka amaseva ahlukahlukene Inthanethi nsukuzonke. Ngo-2015, it wasayina umthetho kwisitoreji idatha yomuntu siqu. Ngokwalo Mthetho ulwazi kuphela ensimini ka Russia zingagcinwa entweni izakhamuzi Russian Federation. Kusho ukuthini? Futhi lokho kufuna lokungalandeli umthetho alo mthetho?

prehistory

Ngisho emuva ngo-2006 kwathiwa yokutholwa uMthetho idatha yomuntu siqu, yakhelwe ukulawula ubudlelwane ezithile abantu okuthiwa opharetha. Inhloso kwakuwukuba ukuvikela abasebenzisi Inthanethi kusuka ukucutshungulwa engadingeki kanye nokudluliswa kwemininingwane kumuntu wesithathu.

Operator - lokhu mqondo ngempela ezibanzi. Kungenzeka umzimba nesimo noma inhlangano esemthethweni, nokungokwenyama. Operator - nguye nganoma iyiphi indlela okwenza ulwazi lomuntu siqu mayelana umuntu database yabo. Yena, yebo, alinalo ilungelo ukudalula idatha futhi ulisebenzise ngezinhloso ezingaziwa ku kumuntu onikezele kubo. izenzo ezinjalo abangenasimilo, zinjalo nale minyaka eyishumi edlule kanye ezingekho emthethweni.

Ngo-September 1, 2015, ngemuva kokuthi ungene ngemvume ku-umthetho ku idatha yomuntu siqu egcinwe endaweni zaseRussia, opharetha akasenawo ilungelo lokusebenzisa emsebenzini wabo amaseva angaphandle. Ukuze uzwisise ukuthi ubani ngokuyinhloko uphathelene lezi zinguquko nendlela bathonya, kufanele baqonde imiqondo eyisisekelo.

idatha yomuntu siqu

Kukhona akulona iqiniso ukuthi lo mqondo kusho ulwazi oluqukethwe passport nezinye izincwadi ezibalulekile. Eqinisweni, nemininingo yakho uqobo ezihlukahlukene ulwazi mayelana umuntu. Kungase kungabi inombolo noma uchungechunge iphasiphothi. Lezi idatha igama lokuqala, isibongo, usuku lokuzalwa, ikheli le-imeyili. Ngakho, uma umnikazi webhizinisi kudala website corporate equkethe ifomu yokubhalisa izivakashi, iba idatha opharetha. Ukusebenzisa ulwazi wathola, angakwazi kuphela somsebenzi okuyinto kulabo ukunikeza laziwe. Ukuvezwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu kusho isibopho sezomthetho zokuphatha noma zobugebengu, kuncike ngobucayi ubugebengu.

kwemfihlo yokwaziswa

Ukudluliswa kolwazi ngomuntu, opharetha can kuphela kwemvume yakhe. izenzo ezinjalo emthethweni. Non-ukudalulwa idatha yomuntu siqu - isimo kubalulekile ukuze kusetshenziswe. Izimiso zalo eziyisisekelo ezitholakala esahlukweni umthetho wesibili. Sabalalisa opharetha inelungelo kuphela ulwazi oluqukethwe domain yomphakathi, isibonelo - ikheli kanye nefoni izincwadi.

Idatha yomuntu siqu kungenziwa ihlukaniswe jikelele, yebhayomethrikhi futhi ekhethekile. Jikelele eziqukethwe passport wokuhamba, kamazisi yasebusosheni, ibhuku. Izinto eziyinhloko ezikhathazayo ekhethekile mayelana sokusebenzisana ngokohlanga, ngenkolo noma noma zezombangazwe.

idatha yebhayomethrikhi - a izici begazi bokuphila umuntu. Lawa isithombe kanye video ukuqoshwa efanayo futhi. Ngakho, ukudluliswa kwamafayela ezinjalo kungathiwa ilungu langaphandle njengoba ukudalulwa idatha yomuntu siqu. Okuhlukile Qoqa izithombe.

ukucutshungulwa

Esikhathini umthetho kukhona amabinzana, okushiwo ekungafanele kube kucaca. Omunye wabo - ukucutshungulwa idatha yomuntu siqu. Le nkulumo ibhekisela imisebenzi opharetha wenza ulwazi wathola, okungukuthi idatha yomuntu siqu. Yena iqoqa kubo, izitolo, wathi, isebenzisa, dehumanizes, amabhlogo futhi kususa. Zonke umqhubi unelungelo lokuthathwa njengomsulwa. Umthetho ke kuphela uma kukhona ukudalulwa idatha yomuntu siqu, okungukuthi, ukudluliswa kolwazi lomuntu siqu kumuntu wesithathu.

Ngo-September 1, 2015 kwethulwa imikhawulo abalulekile kule ndawo. mayelana isitoreji umthetho idatha yomuntu siqu ayivumeli, isibonelo, umnikazi we-webhusayithi ukulondoloza idatha kwi-server angaphandle. Ngisho noma ngezindlela azisebenzisa ngazo kuphela ngezinhloso ezinhle.

depersonalization

Lesi senzo kwenziwa ukuze ufihle idatha yomuntu siqu okuqondene umuntu othize (e isenzo zomthetho ibizwa ngokuthi isihloko). Kusinda Ukuvikelwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu. Kunezindlela eziningana depersonalization:

• Ukubuyiselwa ulwazi;
• esikhundleni idatha digital:
• Imininingwane ukuncishiswa;
• ukusatshalaliswa kolwazi kumaseva ezahlukene.

kuncike

Indoda inelungelo ukufinyelela idatha zabo siqu. idatha yomuntu siqu amalungelo kuncike ukuphakamisa ukuthi kungenzeka umuntu ogama idatha kwi-database, zidinga opharetha Wasesithi kubo washintsha, uma kunesidingo, ubhujiswe. Wonke umuntu unelungelo lokubumba noma lokuba zidinga nokuhlinzekwa kolwazi uma kwenzeka ukuthi awanalo yimuphi omunye izifundo idatha.

nezinye imiqondo

Yonke idatha mayelana umuntu zigcinwa yolwazi. Ngosizo izimali ezithile alunge futhi esetshenziswa opharetha. Kulobu buchwepheshe sibizwa ngokuthi i-siqu idatha uhlelo ulwazi. It namuhla ukujabulela konke kusuka osomabhizinisi ezincane, siphetfo esiphezulu zikahulumeni. Izimiso ezifanayo futhi icala Ukuvikelwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu. Ukuqapha nezimfuneko ezinikezwe ngumthetho, by Roskomnadzor, FSB futhi FSTEC.

Ukudlulisa idatha ye-cross-border - a ukudluliswa kolwazi kumuntu noma obungokomthetho wamanye amazwe.

UMthetho idatha yomuntu siqu kunikeza ubuqotho umuntu, umndeni wakhe kanye nempilo yakho. Umthetho omusha olandela izinhloso ezifanayo, kodwa kudala izimo ezithile ukuze opharetha eziningi.

Isigcina-kwaziswa ensimini ka-Russia

Emisebenzini yayo, opharetha ngamunye kumelwe manje zisebenzisa kuphela labo yolwazi egcinwe endaweni ka-Russia. Kungani imingcele enjalo esungulwe? Umthetho, okuyinto okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, kuthinta ngokuyinhloko ukuphepha kwedatha yomuntu siqu. Kodwa lutho mayelana nobukhulu bayo.

Zonke izindawo umsebenzi eRussia lufanele lwenteke kulamazinga lalandzelako kuhambisana nomthetho we Russian Federation. Nokho, World Wide Web yimuphi izenzo cross-border nobunjalo virtual, okuyinto nzima kokulawulwa opharetha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yokuthi website iyatholakala izakhamuzi Russia akusho ukuthi kufanele asebenzise umthetho waseRussia. Isitoreji semininingwane kumaseva Russian kusiza ukulawula imisebenzi opharetha.

Umthetho ku isitoreji idatha yomuntu siqu kuhilela ukusebenza kwedatha yomuntu siqu kuphela Russian imithombo inthanethi. Kodwa lapha kukhona okuhlukile. Basitshela kumaseva we angaphandle okuhloswe ngazo insimu ka WaseRussia. Ngalesi orientation kungase kubonise isayithi Russian okhuluma noma igama lesizinda. Nokho, ngenxa yokuthi isiRashiya kuvamile impela nangaphandle Russian Federation, ichaze izinto ezilandelayo: ikhono ukubala in ruble Russian, izivumelwano eRussia. Ngakho, osomabhizinisi zakwamanye amazwe e yayo isu lebhizinisi we abathengi Russian. Futhi isenzo yomthetho ku idatha yomuntu siqu uma iqondiswa futhi imisebenzi yabo.

amaseva angaphandle

Ngakho, ukugcinwa komthetho idatha yomuntu siqu manje ivumela kuphela kumaseva Russian. Database, ngaphandle kwe-Russia, akukwazi ukuthi kusetshenzwe. UMbuso Duma yokutholwa umthetho ophathelene nalokhu kokuvinjelwa. Nokho, lokhu kuphakamisa izimpikiswano ngokuphathelene idokhumenti eziningi. Futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, ubunzima eziphathelene nezamabhizinisi.

Ochwepheshe kulo mkhakha elekthroniki Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu kungase kuholele Ukuhamba izinsiza Inthanethi embulungeni yonke, futhi yena, ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho abalulekile. Okokuqala sikhuluma indiza amawebhusayithi yokubhuka.

Ngokuphazamisa for osomabhizinisi

Izazi zikholelwa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umthetho omusha ngeke esilimaza umsebenzi izinkampani eziningi Russian. Ngamunye abahlaseli bakhe nge-September 1, 2016 iwela black uhlu Roskomnadzor. Lolu hlu manje ifaka amasayithi pirate futhi kumasayithi akhuthaza isenzo esingekho emthethweni noma izenzo akuhambisani ezindinganisweni kuyisiphazamiso esimisweni sokuhle nokubi (ubudlova, ukuzibulala, bocansi lwezingane, Abashisekeli). Ukuvinjelwa kulezi zisetshenziswa ngempela kucace. Kodwa izinkampani eziningi ukuthi baphathe umsebenzi ngokuphelele esisemthethweni, bangase bangakwazi ukuthuthela lezisekelo zawo ngezisetshenziswa Russian ngosuku olushiwo.

Enye injongo yomthetho - ukuqinisekisa ukulondeka kwedatha yomuntu siqu ku-izenzo amasevisi ekhethekile American. Lezi izinhlangano zikahulumeni, imithombo yangaphandle iyadingeka ukuze ahlinzeke lonke ulwazi olutholakala. Nokho, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwedatha yomuntu siqu ku-Ukungena kwabasebenzi amasevisi ekhethekile angaphandle, umthetho kudala eziningi ngokuphazamisa futhi izinkinga amancane, aphakathi nendawo kanye ezinkulu amabhizinisi Russian.

Amasevisi isitoreji idatha

izinkampani eziningi namuhla ukudayisa, asesebenzisa internet marketing. Omunye amathuluzi main - imeyili-newsletter. Abanikazi bamawebhusayithi yenkampani usebenzisa amasevisi inthanethi ukwazisa amakhasimende abo mayelana nemicimbi eyahlukahlukene ukuthi aphethwe izinkampani zabo. Lokhu Isikimi usabalale kangaka, ukuthi ngaphandle namuhla Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi obungenza. Kusekhona kuwumbono oyiphutha lowo ukuthi abanikazi indawo akuzona opharetha, ngoba ungagcini idatha yomuntu siqu. Bakwenza kumasevisi ekhethekile inthanethi. Kodwa izinqubo kanye edonsa idatha mayelana abasebenzisi ungumnikazi isayithi. Futhi ngoba kuyinto opharetha esikhathini esizayo esiseduze ubophekile ukuba uthumele lonke ulwazi olutholakala mayelana abasebenzisi Inthanethi izinsiza Russian. Yenza kube lula, futhi izenzo ezinjalo zithinta nezindleko ezidingeka zezimali ngokuyinhloko.

iposi Ex umthetho empeleni waba

izimiso ezimisiwe zomthetho basikisela ukuthi database yabo akhona siqu idatha opharetha waqala ngaphambi kosuku ukusayina yomthetho, akuyona ukuhlukumeza. Nokho, ukusetshenziswa kwedatha yomuntu siqu kuhilela ukubuyekeza futhi ukushintsha. Lo mthetho uthi futhi ukuthi ukucutshungulwa lolu lwazi opharetha manje inelungelo iseva eRussia.

ukuqoqa ulwazi

I-opharetha liyadingeka okwasekhaya yonke idatha ku iseva Russian. Lezi zenzo, ngokuvumelana amazwi alo mthetho, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa ukuqoqwa idatha yomuntu siqu. Leligama lisetshenziswa ukuze libhekisele Imininingwane okubhekiswe mayelana ngabanye. Kujwayele ihlinzeka umsebenzisi we-Inthanethi uqobo. Kodwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi idatha uthola ngephutha. Ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa izincwadi ezihlukahlukene. Ukuqoqa ulwazi kanye nedatha ungeyena omunye inhlangano esemthethweni, etholwe enye inhlangano. Imininingwane Unjalo contact, nokucubungula yayo kuyadingeka ukuze kuqalise ukusebenza imisebenzi ngokuhlanganyela.

Ukwedlulisa ulwazi kusukela Russian Federation

Umthetho akuphazamisi ukudluliselwa cross-border idatha. Amalungiselelo eyayibonakala zavela ngo-2006, bona angilahlekelwanga amandla abo. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi abaqhubi, njengasekuqaleni, unelungelo ukudlulisa idatha sangena database ukuthi sidalwe endaweni WaseRussia, abanye uphesheya kwezilwandle. Nokho, leso sinyathelo kudinga ukunamathela emithethweni ethile. Okokuqala, opharetha kumele aqinisekise ukuthi izwe lapho ukudluliswa kwedatha oyokwenziwa, has ukuvikelwa ezanele kwedatha yomuntu siqu abasebenzisi Internet.

Umthelela umthetho omusha mayelana yasebhange wemboni

ukuthenga abaningi zenziwa nge-Internet namuhla. Umthengi ngokuvamile ukhokhela izimpahla nge-credit card. izinkampani yeselula futhi izinhlelo zokukhokha, njengoba umthetho, amaseva angaphandle. Russian yokukhokhelana ayikatholakali. Futhi ukuba ugcine umthetho ngeke kube lula ngaphandle kwalo.

Nokho, ezinye izinkampani ezinkulu namanje ukugcina ulwazi ensimini ka WaseRussia. Futhi ukushintshana idatha nge abalingani angaphandle, they resort depersonalization.

Data Center

Okwamanje, entsha idatha isikhungo Kwakhiwani endaweni eMoscow, okuyinto kuyoba esikhulu kunazo zonke eRussia. Kulesi phrojekthi ukutshala imali ezinkampanini ezinkulu, ngoba abakwazi siyibukele phansi ukubaluleka kokugcina idatha yomuntu siqu. Nokho, le misebenzi kuhilele ubunzima obuthile. Ngokushesha ukwakha idatha isikhungo kungenzeka.

Izazi zikholelwa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umthetho omusha kufanele acwengekile. Uma kungenjalo, ngeke ukwazi ukusebenza at zigcwele. ethile wayo lomkhulu okunye ukuvinjelwa, okuyinto ikakhulukazi kungenteka uhlushwe amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi. Futhi kule ndawo namuhla futhi kakade isesimweni kuhle abampofu. Noma kunjalo, umthetho omusha nabaphikisi abaningi, kodwa kukhona labo akuyona esabekayo.