Umshini wokuqala emlandweni

Akungabazeki ukuthi imoto ingenye ezisunguliwe ziwusizo ikakhulu yomuntu, kodwa hhayi bonke abashayeli ukwazi ubani futhi lapho unyaka umshini wokuqala emhlabeni yasungulwa.

Esikhathini ezikude 1672nd sevangeli lase uFerdinand Verbiest e China kwakhiwa umusi injini. Wayengase ukushayela imoto lokudlala, elibiza u umsunguli Wethule kumbusi waseChina. Futhi nakuba imoto engakwazi abagibeli endabeni wayengumuntu kokubili umshini wokuqala nge injini umusi.

Futhi entsha imoto self ezinezinjini yadalwa 1769th. Umbhali wayo kwaba engumFulentshi Nikolas Kyuno, owaqopha umlando njengoba umsunguli wokuqala imoto self ezinezinjini. Umshini wokuqala kwaba ngesikhathi esifanayo sibonelo futhi injini, futhi sabakhubazekile self ezinezinjini. Umakhi ngokuthi brainchild yakhe "umlilo wagon", njengoba yayibizwa kanjalo wayeqondeni ingasetshenziswa nalapho bethutha wezikhali amagobolondo.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, avtotelezhku wadala Cugnot is eliqhutshwa umusi, ngenkathi kwaba ifakwe isondo elilodwa nomunye drive ngaphambili.

Nokho Umshini wokuqala yayithwala amahhashi amabili kuphela,, naphezu ezinjalo, uma sikubeka kahle, akuyona Ukucaciswa umxhwele, it is overclocked kuze kube amakhilomitha amahlanu ngehora. Kulokhu umshini self ezinezinjini sinesikhundla umthwalo kakhulu ngendlela ezinhlanu amathani.

Umshini wokuqala, kuyo ukuthi agibele amahhashi nge yangaphakathi omlilo injini - kuyinto Motorwagen, okungukufa umakhi Karl Bents. It yomthetho ngasekuqaleni 1886 th, futhi kakade esicishe sibe unyaka ukumbona embukisweni Paris. Kodwa ukuyibiza full kungaba okungalungile:-ke kuyafana a amathathu nge iyunithi amandla okuhambisa traction ukuba lamasondo angemuva. Umshini wokuqala amakhilomitha ayishumi nanhlanu owayehlakazekile futhi kwadingeka injini amanzi selehlile.

Wayebona ukuthatha ebhodini abagibeli bayo ababili. Iphakethe kuhlanganisa isondo ngokwezifiso-isigwedlo ayo, okuyinto kwaba nzima ukulawula.

Motorwagen ekhishwe iminyaka eyisikhombisa, futhi njengoba abaningi amabili nanhlanu izimoto kwathengiswa ngalesi sikhathi.

Imoto yokuqala kakhulu egijima zihamba ngophethiloli, nge eziningi lathathwa ezinye izindlela zezokuthutha, ezifana paromobil, amakalishi, amabhayisikili, ukuthutha, kodwa kwadingeka eyodwa sici esibalulekile esiwuphawu - injini uphethiloli, ukonga kakhulu futhi ezihlangene. It wadalwa Austrian Zigfrid UMarkus, ogama umqondo kokusebenzisa njengoba uphethiloli uphethiloli washaywa kanye mhla ngephutha ngomlilo ukuze umoya uquqaba nge benzoparov okusezingeni eliphezulu okuqukethwe. Ngokusebenzisa amandla futhi amandla ngenxa yokuqhuma kwebhomu wadala injini wokuqala emhlabeni eyehlayo on uphethiloli, uwubeke Siegfried enqoleni banal, futhi ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi azidala phezu ephelele imoto ukuguqulwa.

Nokho, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umngane umuntu yensimbi best linomlando othakazelisayo kakhulu, kucatshangwa ukuthi umshini wokuqala - kuyinto brainchild of unjiniyela German Benz Daimler. Kwathatha emashumini amabili ukudala i injini efanelekayo ukuthuthwa abagibeli kanye imoto. Lokho Benz owasungula le carburetor, yena udumo zabhalwa mshini bamba nemibono.

UDaimler Benz eseqala ukuveza izimoto, iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili baye wakwazi ukuthengisa imishini 69, kuhlanganise edonsa ngawo wonke amasondo "Vélo", ne-cylinder ezimbili injini futhi amathayi ampontshwayo.