Umsebenzi Astronaut: incazelo izingane, ulwazi mayelana umsebenzi astronaut. Yiziphi izinkolelo-ze ezihambisana nochwepheshe astronaut?

Ezweni lethu kukhona okuningi ubuchwepheshe ezahlukene. Ezinye zazo yilezi okuthakazelisayo, abanye - eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi kukhona romantic. Ngamunye wabo ngendlela yalo kuyasiza futhi ezidingekayo ukuze abantu.

Kodwa kukhona omunye umsebenzi ehlanganisa konke okungenhla. Kuyinto kumnandi futhi romantic, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kunzima kakhulu. Lokhu umsebenzi - astronaut. Lihlobene nokubhekana ubuso ingozi enkulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kuba ezikhanga kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo. Ukuze ukwazi ukubona ngokunembile yini noma cha ungaba astronaut real, kudingeka ufunde kabanzi mayelana nalesi umsebenzi nobuqhawe.

Lomsebenzi-astronaut - iphupho zonke kwengane

Kunzima ukuthola umuntu omdala ukuthi ingane ayizange ngiphuphe ukuvakashela isikhala. Nokho, iminyaka idlula, futhi manje wonke umntwana yesimanje okungenani kanye empilweni yakho ucabanga ngomsebenzi astronaut. Isikhathi esining impela ungathola Tindzaba esikoleni eyayinesihloko esithi "msebenzi wami ikusasa -. astronaut" Kulezi izingane zichaza amaphupho abo ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme. Nokho, naphezu ithandwa kangaka nje isizukulwane esisha, lo msebenzi liphakathi eziyivelakancane emhlabeni ngenxa nezidingo kakhulu ngamunye kulabo abazobhapathizwa. Yingakho, uma unquma ukuthi bakhethe kule okukhethekile, kufanele uqale ukuthola umsebenzi astronaut nge ukuze uthole ukuthi yini kuhilela. Udinga ukwazi ukuthi izimfuneko ngekusasa isikhala umshayeli, ngoba umsebenzi ngokwabo kufanele kuqale ngokuthi ngisafunda esikoleni esiphakeme.

Umlando mkhakha

Lokhu umsebenzi omuhle abasha. Kuphela leminyaka elidlule, abantu abakwazanga ngisho ukuphupha ngani, zokusondelana izinkanyezi, futhi manje le nkinga is ngempumelelo ixazululwe ochwepheshe kweqiniso.

Yuriem Gagarinym - April 12, 1961 indiza emkhathini lokuqala Cosmonaut lokuqala ebhodini iye uzibophezele. A ngomkhumbi okuthiwa yi-"East" wethulwa kusuka Baikonur, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kwazalwa mkhakha nobuqhawe - astronaut iphupho cishe kuzo zonke izingane. Leli gama ngokusemthethweni agodliwe kule okukhethekile emhlabeni, futhi kuphela e-United States mkhakha libizwa osomkhathi.

Abashayeli lokuqala kwadingeka anqume umsebenzi eyodwa kuphela - ukwenza indiza. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba izinhlelo isikhala ezisekelwe ngcono, ubungcweti isibe Cosmonaut kusho eside nokunye okuningi. Ukwandiswa funa, futhi ngenxa yalokho, emkhunjini emkhathini ezihlukahlukene ochwepheshe: onjiniyela, abacwaningi, odokotela kanye nabanye abantu abaningi ababelana ukuze kufinyelelwe umgomo ofanayo - ukuze balukhulume Universe entsha.

umsebenzi astronaut. Incazelo izingane

Cosmonaut - umuntu ukuze uxazulule izinkinga kwabaningi emkhunjini. yemisebenzi yakhe ihlanganisa ekuphathweni izinhlelo ugibelile, kanye imishini ucwaningo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumelwe abe ukwazi ukufunda ubufakazi bonke amathuluzi ebhodini futhi ulawule ukusebenza kwe yonke imishini futhi isitsha motor.

Okuningi namanje kusho ubuthishela "astronaut". Incazelo izingane kufanele kufake nazo zonke izimfuneko zokuhlala pilot esizayo. Phakathi kwabo, into esemqoka - ukuze bakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezimweni ezingalindelekile. Lapho umkhumbi ezintantayo emkhathini, mhlawumbe zonke.

Ngokwesibonelo, kungase behluleka amathuluzi, okuyinto uzoqala ukunikeza ulwazi olungalungile. It is hhayi njalo inkinga ingaxazululwa ngosizo Earth. I-astronaut kumele akwazi ukugcina ikhanda cool kunoma isiphi isimo ngokushesha bese batsatsa tincumo ngekutakhela sokuxazulula inkinga ngayinye. Yingakho bethukile mongers musa ukubeka phezu umkhumbi isikhala.

I okukhethekile main zezinkanyezi

Kuze kube manje, lapho umuntu asigcini e ukuhlola yayo yonke, ngomsebenzi astronaut Sekuthanda ebanzi. It ayisekho sibhekisela kuphela ikhono lokulawula umkhumbi wakho isikhala. Uma ngesikhathi sokuqala osomkhathi babe abashayeli bezindiza professional, isezingeni abakhona kule mkhakha kakade kuhlanganisa nezinye amaphrofayli abaningi. Manje kukhona ezintathu eziyinhloko okukhethekile osomkhathi.

• Test Cosmonaut, okuyinto umshayeli ngaphandle komkhumbi. yemisebenzi yakhe zibandakanya ukuzanywa umkhumbi isikhala kokuthatha off kokwehla. Kufanele futhi iqondise umsebenzi wesistimu ngamunye nanoma iziphi izenzo izisebenzi. Cosmonaut umhloli, bavame ukuba babe abashayeli bezindiza wezempi.

• unjiniyela Cosmonaut. Lona umuntu unesibopho ukusebenza ezifanele zazo zonke uhlelo izindiza lobuchwepheshe, ukuxhumanisa zonke ukulungiselela ngaphambi kwendiza emva, kanye iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni kanye ukuhlolwa kwezimiso eziphambili zobuchwepheshe. Ulwazi mayelana umsebenzi astronaut kuyohlale kuntula uma ngingenaye kukhulunywa unjiniyela, ngoba umthwalo yokufeza yimuphi umsebenzi wokulungisa phakathi ukuya emkhathini.

• umcwaningi Cosmonaut, ngubani kufanele kube nekwetsembeka wezokwelapha. Uyena obangela isimo impilo sesisebenza ngamunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikubeka ezihlukahlukene ucwaningo futhi uqhuba izifundo ukuziphatha eziphilayo ngaphansi kwezimo weightlessness. Yesikhathi eside isikhala mikhankaso azinakwenzeka ngaphandle iqhaza abacwaningi.

Ngakho, hhayi kuphela ikhono umshayeli kusho lo msebenzi. I-astronaut kumele bakwazi ukwazi nokuningi. incazelo lo msebenzi Kuhlanganisa eziningi amakhono ehlukene kakhulu, ngamunye okhona njengamanje owenza umsebenzi obalulekile ikhomishana ukuya emkhathini.

Yiziphi izimfuneko astronaut esizayo

Uma unqume ukuthi ngemva kwesikole babe usomkhathi, udinga ukwazi ukuthi lo msebenzi izidingo eliphakeme. Yingakho-ke ivelakancane emhlabeni.

Ngakho, uma-astronaut umsebenzi - lena okukhethayo liqinile, kumelwe kuqala ukuqapha ngokucophelela esimweni sabo somzimba. Namandla, ezempilo cishe ephelele - imfuneko eyinhloko ukhetho esizayo. Kufanele alinakho yizifo ezingamahlalakhona futhi imikhuba emibi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele ube nombono ephelele. astronaut impilo kufanele kube kakhulu futhi ngenxa ukuthi isikhala ngeke uthole esibhedlela. Yingakho abashayeli esizayo kumele ukwazi izinto eziyisisekelo ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ezihlukahlukene ezimweni.

Ngaphezu nempilo ngokomzimba, izimfuno eliphezulu nempilo yengqondo. astronaut Ikusasa kumele akwazi ukugcina ikhanda cool kanye ningatatazeli kunoma isiphi isimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akufanele kube bacindezeleka ehlukahlukene neziqubu zokudabuka. Phela, ukuba kude kangaka nomuzi unomphela hhayi bonke.

Ngaphandle nje kokuthi impilo ephelele emzimbeni nasengqondweni, enye imfuneko ebalulekile yokuba osomkhathi esizayo - ngekushelela nangekuphimisa lokuya ngesiNgisi. Lokho-ke ukuxhumana -International Space Station, okuyinto adalwe imizamo emazweni amaningi. Yena njalo osomkhathi ezivela emhlabeni wonke, njalo esikhundleni nomunye.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele ube idigri kwi okukhethekile ezobuchwepheshe, ezokwelapha noma wezempi lapho uqonde kangcono kunanoma ubani omunye. Phela, emkhathini kubalulekile ukuqhuba eziningi ucwaningo lwesayensi, ngakho asikho isidingo abahlabeleli, abaculi kanye nabameli nezinye ubuchwepheshe yokudala.

babe usomkhathi kanjani

Esikhathini nedlelo elise Star City, lapho kukhona ukuqeqeshwa Cosmonaut ekhethekile isikhungo. Uma sinempilo enhle, ukusebenza eliphezulu futhi amaphrofayli imfundo edingekayo, ungafaka isicelo lapha ngisho esikhathini yokutadisha eyunivesithi.

Isigaba sokuqala sale Ukukhetha unikezwa phezu imibuzo, zazo 350 akhethiwe. Bahlala ukuhlolwa yezihloko ezifana physics, mathematics kanye isiRashiya. Base bangalindela Abezokwelapha okunzima. Ngemva Kulesigaba inani ukhetho kuyehla kube 50. Ukukhetha yakamuva isifakiwe ebibanjelwe Cosmonaut Training Centre, lapho ihlolwe ngabe umuntu uzokwazi ukumelana nokuvivinywa okuhlukahlukene kuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ngokwesibonelo, umfundi for the osomkhathi Ungakhiya endaweni ngokuphelele ebiyelwe, lapho kukhona ukuthula okuphelele, futhi akukho muntu kodwa yena. Igama elithi ka aboshwe izinsuku ezingu-5, lapho izikhonzi ngokucophelela, siphawula ushintsho kancane ekuziphatheni kwakhe. Ngemva kokuhlolwa enzima kangaka abantu lucky eziyisishiyagalombili kuphela ababhalise lamabutho zezinkanyezi esizayo. Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi maduzane ngeke lundiza emkhathini. Ngokuvamile olungiselelwe sehlo 5-10 kweminyaka, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho njalo ufunde kudlule ezihlukahlukene izivivinyo.

Phakathi Take-off a mkhathi ehlelwa sindisa eqinile, futhi esikhaleni esimweni weightlessness. Ukuze balungele yonke vivinyo, le Cosmonauts esizayo afunde kweminyaka eminingi kangaka ngaphambi kokwenza indiza yayo yokuqala. amakilasi zabo aphethwe emakilasini akhethekile zokuzivocavoca. Bona gxuma nge-parachute, achithe isikhathi esiningi zifunda fly futhi ethwele ukushisa nokubanda, ukuze ingashintshwa ukuze imibandela sindisa kanye weightlessness. Ngakho-ke, labo abanquma bazikhethele mkhakha nobuqhawe, udinga ukuba abakulungele unqobe eziningi nezingqinamba umsebenzi onzima.

izinkolelo-ze Cosmonauts

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uhlelo isikhala - endaweni lapho ukunemba wokubusa isayensi kanye ubuchwepheshe bamuva ezihambisana naso eziningi yenkolelo ezahlukene namasiko. Uma uya ukukhetha lo msebenzi, nawe nakanjani kudingeka wazi ukuthi le nkolelo-ze ezihambisana nochwepheshe astronaut.

Abanye babo baye imvelaphi yabo kusukela ezinsukwini ukuzalwa kwalo msebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, uSergei Korolev, Umklami Chief wokuqala, ngoMsombuluko kubhekwa usuku olubi ukuqala. Isiko ukuba baphathe usuku Ukuhamba beza izikhathi zethu. Futhi yokuqalisa emkhunjini akakaze babelwe ngo-October 24 - ngosuku, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa ezinhlekeleleni ezimbili. Ngo-1960, lolu suku uqubuke rocket yokwenza alethwe izisulu eziningi, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emithathu kuqubuka umlilo kwelinye izimayini rocket lezidlamlilo. Ngemva kwalolo suku baba Taboo e hlelo isikhala Russian.

Izinkolelo-ze ezihlobene ubungcweti-astronaut, futhi ehambisana igama Yuriya gagarina - the Cosmonaut lokuqala emhlabeni. Ngaphambi crew indiza ukuhanjelwa saziso ehhovisi lakhe, okuyinto namanje walondoloza ngendlela efanayo lapho washiya umshayeli ziyaphawuleka, futhi ufake amagama encwadini izivakashi. Kumelwe ukuvakashelwa kubhekwa Gagarin inkumbulo yesikhumbuzo nezinye zezinkanyezi zokuqala abashona lisemsebenzini nezimbali laying - carnations abomvu.

Fika Baikonur, amatilosi elilandelayo nihlale ehhotela "Cosmonaut", okuyinto uhlobo uphawu mkhakha. Eme phambi kwaleso ehhotela kukhona yezinyawo, izihlahla okuyinto zitshalwa ngezandla zezinkanyezi ebuya mikhankaso yimpumelelo futhi okhathalelayo. pilot Ikusasa ukuzenza ukuhamba kwakhe, buthule ecela nokuxhaswa asebenza nabo abaphezulu.

Ihhotela ubonisa esimisweni ifilimu "White Sun oGwadule", okuyinto ukubheka sesisebenza ngamunye.

Futhi phakathi kwemikhuba oyisibopho zihlanganisa yokuthi bonke osomkhathi kufanele uthole ukugunda izinwele e usuku indiza.

Phakathi ibhulakufesi ngaphambi kokukhamba abayikhokhela uqhoqhoqho champagne futhi ushiye amasignisha zabo ezivalweni amakamelo ezaziphila phakathi kwabo. Hlala ku ibhasi, ehlotshiswe Horseshoes, ingoma "Utshani eduze kwendlu." Ngemva kokungena helipad ilungu iqembu ngalinye iphindwa lokho wakwenza kanye Gagarin - achelela ilungelo isondo emuva nebhasi. Climbing ababesemkhunjini, amatilosi wendiza abalilayo, kodwa ukubuya ngithi goodbye akuvunyelwe nakancane - ngcolile bika.

Futhi phakathi kwemikhuba lapho, futhi kanjalo - wokubonisa imoto kwethulwa kwethulwa izwi "UTanya." Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu okokuqala igama isikhulu wabhala ngothando. Ngokusho amahlebezi, lapho nje ukhohlwe ukubhala igama eliwumlingo - rocket yamila.

Zonke izisebenzi abe mascot isiqhema ukukhethela induna umkhumbi isikhala. Ngokuvamile kuba ithoyizi elincane, okuyigama ezivamile Boris. It unamathele ukuze ungabona amakhamera, kanye namasevisi emhlabathini kukhona sibalo ithoyizi, umkhumbi wafika kumuntu ukuphakama lapho akukho ithonya adonsela phansi.

On the isikhala esiteshini osomkhathi kuyakhexisa ngesinkwa usawoti.

Ngemva kokubuyela e-Earth ithimba futhi wenza uchungechunge amasiko kufaka ekhatsi kuvakashela yisikhumbuzo futhi ukutshala isihlahla zabo.

inombolo enjalo yenkolelo - enye impendulo yombuzo othi ngalokho Kuyathakazelisa umsebenzi astronaut.

buhle umsebenzi

Uma wenze isinqumo mayelana umsebenzi wabo esikhathini sangemva kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela konke ubuhle nobubi bayo. Ngokuphathelene umsebenzi usomkhathi Yiqiniso, enendawo eningi izinzuzo:

• uzobona yilokho ezakubona ezimbalwa kakhulu emhlabeni;
• Uyoba iqhaza ucwaningo lwesayensi, futhi ungathola into entsha ukuthi kuzosiza ukuthuthukisa kwaso sonke isintu;
• uthole ithuba uthinte esizayo;
• Wena izobukeka iqhawe emehlweni izihlobo kanye nabangani;
• ngawawo ukubona izinkanyezi.

Konke lokhu kwenzeka kuphela ngoba osomkhathi, kungekho omunye umsebenzi ayikuvumeli kangaka ukubona futhi ufunde. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi nazo zonke romance yalo msebenzi ihlobenenamanye izingozi eziningi nangobunzima.

nebubi umsebenzi

Yiqiniso, ubungcweti astronaut izingane - omunye ezikhanga kunazo futhi ekhangayo. Nokho, kufanele uqonde ukuthi nemibi iletha nalo, futhi uzilungiselele ngabo. Ziyakwazi:

• umsebenzi isikhathi eside futhi kanzima ngaphambi indiza yokuqala;
• inani elikhulu izingozi phakathi ukuya emkhathini;
• ukwehlukana eside nemindeni yawo nabangane;
• umonakalo empilweni kokuhlala isikhathi eside weightlessness.

Futhi, kufanele wazi ukuthi, naphezu ezingeni intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe emhlabeni abakwazi ukudala izimo ukuthi iphindwa isikhala. Naphezu eziningana ukusebenzisa, isazi sezinkanyezi, kanye emzileni, kumele bakulungele zonke izinkinga ezingase ziphakame.

Ekuphetheni

Uma usufundile yonke imininingwane mkhakha-astronaut, izimfuneko ezisebenza izicelo, izimo kubalulekile ngaphansi ukusebenza kuyo, isinqumo sakho ziyoba ezilinganiselayo. Ungakwazi ukubhala indaba wena uyazi kahle indlela waqonda ubunzima bomsebenzi, "Umsebenzi - Cosmonaut" ezichaza konke ubuhle nobubi bayo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukubona indlela lo msebenzi ikufanele wena.

Nokho, uma unquma ukuthi ufuna ukuxhumanisa esizayo zabo isikhala, qala namuhla ukuthatha izinyathelo iphupho lakhe. Qala ahileleke kakhulu ezemidlalo, ukufunda isiNgisi futhi physics. Funda izincwadi ezikhuluma ngale ndaba, futhi nsuku zonke Funda into entsha. Mhlawumbe kungenxa wenza ukutholakala ezibalulekile oyoletha esintwini ukuhlola amaplanethi amasha futhi babe uchwepheshe, ogama lakhe kakhulu ezihlobene umsebenzi astronaut. Zonke ezandleni zakho, futhi kuncike kuphela kuwe, luhlobo luni lwekusasa kuzodingeka!