Umlando Omfushane Novorossiysk

– славного города, сопровождается былями, документальными фактами и легендами. Umlando Novorossiysk - idolobha elikhazimulayo, ephelezelwa izindaba kweqiniso, obubhalwe amaqiniso nama-legends. Ukufunda ngezenzakalo ukuthi, omunye ngemva komunye, ukudala indaba yakhe, ngezinye izikhathi kuphele ukuqonda: sikhuluma a indawo yangempela noma indawo engaziwa, eqanjiwe umlobi yesayensi. Nempela nje singazithola kanjani konke lokhu kwenzeke endaweni eyodwa? It kuvela, kungenzeka, uma indaba yayo iqala 5th ekhulwini BC.

Indawo lapho namuhla idolobha elihle, idonse njalo abantu: evundile, ulwandle efudumele, isimo sezulu esihle. Kuwufanele onilwelayo. Baphenduka balwa. ezivunguvungwini eziningi yacabanga lapha izikhathi eziningi wabhubhisa zokuhlala. Kodwa isikhathi sasiqhubeka, futhi abantu bayeza emuva lapha, axazulule futhi ayokwakha kabusha umuzi.

, как добрую сказку, но ничего из этого не получится. Novorossiysk Ngifuna ukuba kulandiswe ezinganeni njengoba ezinhle inganekwane, kodwa lutho kuyofika ngakho. Isikhathi esining impela kwaba angenamusa kakhulu. Kodwa awukwazi ukushintsha noma yini: kungcono indaba yakhe.

Khona-ke wayegqoke igama elihlukile

Esikhathini 5th ekhulwini BC indawo Tsemesskaya bay bakhangwa amaGreki, amaGreki asendulo akha settlement lapha - emzini Bata. Trade kuhambe kahle, eze lapha abathengisi kwezilwandle, uyeza bezintaba. Ngakho, kwakukhona pirates, okuthukelayo miss yimpango yabo. Ukuvikela imikhumbi yezohwebo, imikhumbi Bosporus inkosi ingena impi asolwandle ne izizwe lomphangi.

Esikhathini 13 okokuqandisa ekhulwini bay ke lathunjwa zidlamlilo Golden. Kodwa kungani asemaqeleni abakhileyo kwezilwandle? Zahamba phambili, ekujuleni ogwini, wenza foray yabo. Izwe oLwandle Olumnyama walunguza abathengisi Genoese owavuma ukuthi ngincome Batu Khan imvume uphile futhi ukuhweba lapha. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi base amakhosi imikhumbi olwandle. Kodwa ngemva bamba waseConstantinople ngu abaseTurkey ngekhulu le-15, okwaholela ekuweni woMbuso WaseByzantium, washintsha futhi abanikazi ala manzi namazwe. I-Turks waxosha amaNtaliyane kude ogwini lalo yethu.

Ukuvikela izindawo zakhe ezintsha bakha lapha ngekhulu le-18 inqaba Sudzhuk, eye ngokuphindaphindiwe kuthathwe ukulwa amasosha ethu ezimpini Russian-Turkish yesikhathi. Kodwa ngemuva kokuphothulwa zezivumelwano zokuthula Sudzhuk-Turks wabuyela la impi.

Ngo-1829, le nqaba ekugcineni baba Sudzhukskaya coast New Russia, ezweni elisha lebhalwe uMbuso Russian. Winning elandelayo impi Russian-Turkish, Russia unelungelo ukushiya imikhumbi yabo oLwandle Olumnyama. . Lena indaba igama Novorossiysk.

Ezemfundo Novorossiysk idolobha

Abantu bendawo wathatha nobutha entsha kahulumeni empini ngokumelene "infidels" rose zonke izizwe zakwa Caucasian. ukuphila Russian kulezi zindawo kwakunzima futhi kuyingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasosha ubuhlungu endaweni enabantu engavamile.

Kwanqunywa ukwakha embankments ezempi kanye imigwaqo phakathi kwazo. Induna waqokwa Jikelele Nikolay Raevsky. Wakhetha ukwakha enye yalezi phezulu Sudzhukskaya bay.

Septhemba 12, 1838 imikhumbi nanye ngaphansi ifulege Russian langena Tsemess Bay. Bona elaliholwa Vice-Admiral Mikhail Lazarev, ebhodini omunye mikhumbi yayingamamitha Jikelele Rajewski futhi engemuva Admiral Serebryakov. abantu abayizinkulungwane eziyisithupha ziye siwela ogwini, futhi abantu, ngaphandle ukunikela ukumelana, washiya lezi zindawo. Kwakungo-September 12 edolobheni igubha yayo ngosuku lwakho lokuzalwa.

Ngo-January, ke wakhipha umyalelo ku Ukuklonyeliswa eyakhelwe lapha ukuqinisa isimo emzini othiwa Novorossiysk.

Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba la edolobheni

Ngenxa yalawo madoda amathathu oluvelele sekwakhiwe hhayi kuphela ekuqiniseni. Zazakhiwe ngesikhathi esifushane Admiralty, port, izindlu, bezitolo. Saqala ukuba yokuzalanisa izingadi. Sisungule ubudlelwano nezakhamuzi zendawo, ehilela bona ukuhweba kanye nesakhiwo edolobheni. Ezinganeni Highlanders ivule isikole. Landa edolobheni futhi athuthukiswe.

Abantu bakulelo dolobha yamisa lesikhumbuzo ukuze abasunguli bomuzi yezindawo yesimanje.

YaseCrimea impi

Ngo 1853, iMpi YaseCrimea, lapho Russia kwakudingeka balwe umfelandawonye enamandla uthi amaningana aseYurophu. Ngo-February 1855 i-isigaba isitha basondela ukuze Novorossiysk. Eqaphela ukuthi ayikho indawo ukulinda usizo (ngoxhaxha Russian e Sevastopol kukhiyiwe) futhi izibhamu ugu nedalnoboyny, amasosha Russian baphoqeleka ukuba athule, kuze imikhumbi isitha ngomlilo adukisako kwalwiwa. Lapho-ke wayeqiniseka e ukunqoba le mikhumbi asondela kakhudlwana nogu, thina hit izibhamu zethu, kangangokuthi ngoxhaxha abashaywayo basishiya khona lapho bay. Ukunqoba kwaba amasosha Russian.

Kodwa ngokuvamile, kulahleke mpi, futhi enye izimo ukungena emhlabeni sasiwukuba ukubhujiswa losizi ye-Black Sea Fleet futhi nezivikelo ngasogwini. ikhanda Russian kwesokunxele Novorossiysk. Naye gone kanye bendawo.

nokuzalwa kabusha

не заканчивается на этом. Kodwa umlando Novorossiysk akugcini lapho. Lena yindawo enhle hlaza kubantu bakhe, futhi eminyakeni engu-20 lapho livela settlement amancane uthango lempi - ". Nge yokucima ukoma, isigayo, imboni kagwayi kanye izikhungo eziyisishiyagalombili kulungile ukuphuza" Konstantinovskaya esiteshini

Nakhu kufika abantu bezizwe ezihlukahlukene, ebalekela umthetho-Turkish, komnikazi kuza ekuphileni, futhi ngo-1866 futhi waba emzini Novorossiysk.

Ivela umkhakha, eyakhelwe semikhumbi futhi ujantshi. Yakhelwe iphayiphi futhi owokuqala usimende ifektri "Zvezda", ngisebenza Marl zendawo, luhambe ngokushesha uhlelo lokuthuthukisa yayo futhi sidonsele abantu ibhizinisi. Le nkathi segolide ekuphileni kwakhe. Yakhelwe zezimboni izindawo, ezindaweni zokuzivocavoca, imitapo, amahhotela, amakhaya. Kunwetshwa port. It antante ezingeni lelisetulu winemaking.

Novorossiysk Republic

izimboni, amachweba, ojantshi Lapho besebenza, abantu ababenza umsebenzi lalingu bagxila, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kwaba ukuhamba izinguquko laqothula izwe 1905. Iziteleka bebelokhu ngenkuthalo bazibandakanye hhayi kuphela longshoremen futhi abasebenzi endaweni yokukhanda. Oholela intsha musa ukuhambisana nabo, ngokubeka phambili izimfuno zabo. Yesikole akayanga ekilasini, lifuna esikhundleni abandayo kuya ibhulakufesi ashisayo indoda udokotela - owesifazane.

Kodwa izidingo ezihlekisayo yaphela ngokushesha, kukhona umbuzo kwamandla. Le nhlangano yenkolo yokulwela eholwa Abavukeli oyingcweti, okunguye wencike lokulwa squad lezisebenzi. Amandla wadlulela Soviet of amaphini Workers. Kwaze kwaphela amasonto amabili emzini Novorossiysk ezamenyezelwa i-republic. как советского города началась намного раньше других советских городов. Umlando Novorossiysk nedolobha Soviet waqala kuneNingizimu nakwamanye amadolobha Soviet.

Into amaSoviet zazenzile umusa isigaba sabasebenzi. Konke lokhu sikhathi ebonwe "ukuze izinguquko kanye nesiyalo. '

Ukuphela republic wafika akwazi ukungena emzini we lamabutho ingajezisa. Amathiphu ziyoncibilika ngokwabo.

Iminyaka ezakha kokubusa kweSoviet

в этот период можно сказать так: власть менялась многократно и часто. Umlando Omfushane Novorossiysk kule nkathi, singasho lokhu: uhulumeni ishintshile izikhathi eziningi futhi ngokuvamile. Abameleli beNdikimba Yesikhashana Uhulumeni udliwe yona amaBolshevik, labo - induna Zinikele Army. UColonel Kutepov, le umbusi womuzi, emuva kusukela wave zokugcina kwabokufika kwaba cishe wabanjwa ngamazwi amaviyo iRed Army. amandla Soviet ibuyise, "donsa eside".

Kuze kube ngasekuqaleni ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, idolobha waphila lizwe: ukubuyisela umnotho batshabalalisa empini, eyenziwa oneminyaka emihlanu izinhlelo, guys ehlanganyela oktyabryatskie naseSikoleni Senkonzo Samaphayona squads.

impi

Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zempi, idolobha iqala ukusebenza ngoba ingaphambili, lapha izitshalo ziyakhishwa kusukela amaNazi izindawo lithunjwa. Ehlobo lika-1942, amaJalimane wafika Novorossiysk.

amasosha aseSoviet ngolaka bavikela lomuzi wakubo sakwazi ukumisa isitha, naphezu kwamandla akhe aphakeme. AmaJalimane wakhulela amasosha engeziwe, angena engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-ke. Konke! Khona-ke abakwazanga ukuhambisa esisodwa, okuyinto ngabe benza noma yikuphi. thina kwethu alwa kwaze kwaba sekufeni, abavumi ukuba isitha eCaucasus.

Ngaphezu konyaka, izinsuku 393, amabutho wabalwela indawo Novorossiysk. Akekho abase bebaleka. Okunjalo ukuzivikela eside wakwazi ukumelana ngisho nje emzini owodwa - Leningrad. Ngenxa yalesi feat ngo-1973, yena waklonyeliswa isihloko Hero City. Umlando Novorossiysk igcina imemori lezi zenzakalo. Amasayithi amaningi kanye izikhumbuzo emzini anikezelwe amaqhawe empini.

yokutakula

Ngemva kokushikashikeka unyaka wonke lokulwa ezitaladini kwakukhona amanxiwa kuphela. Kwanqunywa ukuba ngibuye ngilakhe kabusha. Futhi lakhiwa wezakhiwo Boris Iofana.

. Centre for the umkhakha usimende, ezokuthutha ihabhu ezibaluleke kakhulu eningizimu yeRussia, idolobha iwayini, yebo, oLwandle Olumnyama port - kuyinto emlandweni wanamuhla kwedolobha Novorossiysk.

City, owasinda phakathi namakhulu eminyaka amaningi kanjalo kusungulwa kahle futhi onqobayo manje abahlala zabasebenzi nokwanelisayo. Новороссийск относится бережно, сохраняя ее для потомков. Ngokusebenzisa kwalokho isidlulile akukho izinkinga kanye nemicimbi, ukuze umlando Novorossiysk aphathwe ngokucophelela, baligcine ukuze kuzuze izizukulwane ezaziyolandela. Ezindaweni eziningi kuneminyaka ekhumbulekayo ukhulume izenzakalo ezidlule.

Ukuqala ukwakheka komuzi, isikhungo yayo mlando - Square Heroes 'at ichweba. , города героических людей. Kusuka lapha ungaqala indaba izingane ngomlando Novorossiysk, umuzi wabantu nobuqhawe.

Abe-Central Council of the street immortalized inkumbulo ukunyakaza-mbuso ka-1905 kanye Republic of Novorossiysk.

Quay, umgwaqo enhle, kusikhumbuza abasunguli Novorossiysk Lazar Markovich Serebryakov.

, их названиях, в многочисленных памятниках, в сердцах жителей. Umlando Novorossiysk ezitaladini, amagama abo, ezindaweni ezisithekileyo eziningi ezinhliziyweni zabantu bakhona. Kodwa izindawo ebaluleke kakhulu inkumbulo walondoloza amakhulu eminyaka esimweni emangalisa esifanayo, oLwandle Olumnyama zeqhwa bay, mina ukuyibuka yonke kanzima, kodwa indaba enhle ngaleyo ndlela.