Umdwebo "Las Meninas" Picasso: incazelo, umlando kanye nokubuyekeza. UPablo Picasso sika "Las Meninas. Ngokusho Velasquez" 1957

Izoparafraz - kangaka okuthiwa umsebenzi olungokomfanekiso noma kube ingcaca, liphefumulelwe zabalingiswa komunye umdwebi. Lapho okuqukethwe indaba kokuqala kuka ezithakazelisayo indlela master zokufuna ukubukeka okusha ngaleso yobuciko neyaziwayo, ayanda ukubaluleka kwe-rethinking ezinjalo.

Uchungechunge "Las Meninas" emidwebo Picasso, wadala ngemva kokudalwa kuka-the Velasquez enkulu - umphumela ukubambisana phakathi geniuses ezimbili, ahlukaniswe ngesikhathi, kodwa isikali ithalente efanayo kwezobuciko.

Velazquez wobuciko

Umdwebo adalwe Diego Velaskesom (1599-1660) iminyaka emine ngaphambi kokuba afe, kudinga entry kancane kancane futhi sizindla eside. Igcwele izimfihlakalo subtexts evumela incazelo evelayo esizukulwaneni esisha ngasinye abacwaningi kanye abathandi art.

It engaqondakali eziningi, eziqala igama. Spanish Las Meninas ( «incekukazi udumo") isibe samukelwa, nakuba main sibalo imidwebo - oneminyaka emihlanu indodakazi endala le nkosi Spanish Philip IV - Infanta UMargarita. Indwangu usayizi 2,76h3,18 m libizwa self-portrait of Velazquez, ngoba sibalo umdwebi phambi useyili omkhulu, okuyinto ngokucophelela uhlola izilaleli, akukho zincane kunalokho inkosazana kancane kanye nabasizi bakhe.

Lapha kukhona kuphela ukwaba isithombe mbhanqwana wasebukhosini, isinqumo njengoba kuveza ezingacacile esibukweni. Yingakho - ongakhetha ngesakhiwo ngaphezulu: enkantolo umdwebi wabhala Infanta kancane futhi ephazamiseka ukuza abazali bobukhosi, noma umatasa basebenza elikhulu umbukiso portrait kaFiliphu IV nomkakhe noMarianne, owayenethemba indodakazi kuphela.

izinhlamvu

Wonke amaqhawe "Las Meninas" unegama futhi indaba sethulwe ngokusebenzisa isikhathi. Lokhu kunikeza ezengeziwe ubuso izithombe adalwe Velazquez. Maid udumo Dona María Sarmiento ukuba kowtow uhambisa ngokuphuza isitsha nentombazane bobukhosi ngubani engutsheni Friend futhi bulky Awukwazi ukuhambisa ngokukhululekile, futhi yena uphoqelekile ukuba ugcine ukuma ngokuhambisana nenhlonipho eqinile. Vele esishubile enye intombazana, indela we Suites futhi yemilindankosi we Infanta. Freaks kuphela, Clowns liziphathe ngokwemvelo. Into encane Maria Barbola ngeqholo ubonisa umvuzo zasebukhosini encane Nicolao unyawo siqhuba mastiff omkhulu.

Painter iyalwazisa inkosazana kancane, ubhala nalezo nethimba lakhe ngokuningiliziwe. Yilabo kuphela onikezwe kuncike isiphetho inkantolo futhi ngamandla akhe akazange deign amehlo futhi umzamo othe xaxa. mbhanqwana wasebukhosini - izipoki awuzwakali kahle esibukweni, ungumninimandla Marshal egcekeni - ngokuseduze baqhelile bamela figure emnyango, nge izici zobuso anyakaza contre.

Velasquez - umlumbi yokukhanya kanye nokusungulwa kweqiniso. Ngisho abantu besikhathi umxhwele nomuzwa engokoqobo esihlukanisa "Las Meninas." Ugongolo sigameko yokukhanya futhi engaqondakali isithunzi isikhala ibhekwa futhi enothisa indaba esitshela wizadi. Le ndaba ekujabulisayo abantu eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu, ukudala izinhlangano zabo. ukubaluleka kwakhe ethile "Las Meninas" Picasso wadala ngesikhathi ezinye izitayela nobuciko kanye nemagugu emasiko.

ukuthuthukiswa kwamagugu

UPablo Picasso (1881-1973) eminyakeni lengu-14 budzala, nakabekwa lokuqala bangahlangana ndawonye noyise e Madrid sika Prado Museum. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, Velasquez baba kanye Goya, El Greco, Delacroix, Courbet, Poussin ukuba nethonya elinamandla ekwakheni imibono umculi kumhlaba nokubuka Umdwebo. Ngesikhathi ngisafunda eRoyal Academy of Fine Arts San Fernando (1897-1898) wayematasa ukukopisha imidwebo lezi abaculi, engene "umumo womzimba 'yabo, uzama embule izimfihlo umphumela babo bemilingo izilaleli.

Indwangu Velasquez umxhwele emangalisayo umoya ezingokwengqondo, ubunkimbinkimbi ubudlelwano phakathi izinhlamvu, umculi kanye isibukeli. Esikhathini Umlando wabantu ababephila, kusukela izinkathi ezahlukene, ubufakazi eziningi wokwenama Picasso ubuhlakani iphrojekthi Velazquez, okwangempela, Ukwakheka esiyingqayizivele kanye amakhono eliphakeme lobuchwepheshe ye-master.

Ngo igalelo lakhe - imidwebo eminingi futhi imidwebo liphefumulelwe Umdwebo by Velazquez. Ngo-1957 Picasso Association kusukela "Las Meninas" kuholele uchungechunge enkulu, lapho kuwebhu is phansi ukubuyekeza olunzulu futhi ukuhlaziywa ezibe nomthelela ukuzalwa imizwa entsha nezithombe ezingalindelekile.

Umlando sokudalwa

Yabo "Las Meninas" Picasso wadala cishe ncamashi amathathu eminyaka ngemva Velazquez. Yena usebenza lolu umjikelezo kusukela ngo-August kuya kuDisemba ka-1957 villa lakhe eningizimu yeFrance. Kuhlanganisa 58 imidwebo bonke osayizi kanye ne degree yokusetshenziswa "Menin" ezisuseni obuhlukahlukene. Lapha kukhona ezinkulu ezinombala ofanayo nombala incazelo yazo zonke imidwebo nemisebenzi encane esibonisa izinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane. Uchungechunge "Las Meninas" Picasso liqukethe Improvisation nhlobo, ngaphandle kungabhekisela ngqo, kodwa namanje liphefumulelwe izithombe Velazquez.

Lo msebenzi ngokuvamile isibaluli kwesikhathi sekwedlule Picasso. Kusobala engekho emaketangeni kwengqondo isibindi ngendlela kwezobuciko, okwakukhona kulo imiphumela yezinto abazenzayo okukhulu zokudala futhi abathandwa master isikhathi eside. Kuthinta nenkululeko futhi ukuchwensa ngawo reinterprets Picasso sika "Las Meninas." Indlela yakhe yokudweba kulolu chungechunge - samuntu umoya lokuhlolwa futhi reformism, okuyinto okuqukethwe eyinhloko yonke impilo ye-master. Uma kusetshenzwa umjikelezo umdwebi wayeneminyaka engamashumi 76 ubudala, wayekade baphumelele nokubonwa phakathi ochwepheshe kanye nomphakathi, nakuba kubonakala sengathi abanye ukubona emisebenzini yakhe phezu izindikimba amakhosi esidlule abafisa ukuba anqobe ukungabaza mayelana ukubaluleka kwayo.

Picasso sika "Las Meninas": incazelo

Isithombe, ukubeka off uchungechunge Picasso zaveza Agasti 17, 1957. Lokhu useyile omkhulu waphendukela ezinombala ofanayo futhi ubukeka sidle. Ngo ukwakhiwa ukuthi Picasso, ngokungafani kuya yokuqala, ovundlile ngakwesokunxele, ungabona zonke izinhlamvu. Lapha khona umbhali, umculi, Infanta kanye nabasizi bakhe encane, kubonakala esibukweni inkosi nendlovukazi, ngisho inja. Kodwa baye bathi sebeshintshe ngokuphelele, okuyinto wazibeka izithombe zabo futhi sonke isikhala isithombe, udale i-ngokoqobo uhlobo olusha obelungekho.

Ngisho ukuqhathanisa obudlulayo balesi imidwebo "Las Meninas" by Velazquez kanye Picasso lembula indlela ehlukile ukuze umbiko futhi kwesiteji ukujula njengendlela yokuthola nkulumo. Ngokungafani umthombo le ngcaphuno, okuyinto hit a nokwethenjelwa isibukeli yokukhanya nasethunzini, okwesikhathi ngokuhumusha okusha isilinganiso ndaba kusobala ongaphambili ebonakalayo futhi ithulisiwe izikhala ukubopha studio omkhulu. Kodwa lapho wathela okukhanyisa lateral is aqhubeka aphuphuthekise kusakazwa nasekhothameni ngemuva Marshal, kugcizelelwa isesimweni ngalé enkantolo laconic. Drama sasikhipha lezi "indoda black" - iyingxenye encane umzwelo yakha ngendwangu kuphela.

Uqaphele futhi livulekele bezibona umbukeli uzobona indlela Picasso sigcwalisa futhi lishintsha kokuqukethwe kwasekuqaleni. "Las Meninas" by Picasso ukukhombisa okuqukethwe izithombe ezintsha liyabonakala. Isibalo umculi liyakhula libe isakhiwo esikhulukazi, obumba ngendwangu isakhiwo cishe yezakhiwo. cross Hypertrophied esifubeni sakhe Velazquez, ngokuvumelana legend eyabhalwa yinkosi ngemva kokufa umculi. Maid of udumo ukusithatha ukuqina efana ubudlova. Dwarfs and a dog like cartoon, kodwa yamahlaya ayinayo uhlamvu okulula amahlaya okumsulwa.

Ukuqhathanisa amathuluzi ezibukwayo

Too ezahlukene ezibukwayo uswidi "Las Meninas" by Velazquez kanye Picasso. Ukuqhathanisa amasu ebabazekayo libonisa ngokucacile phakathi namakhulu eminyaka amathathu isikhathi umehluko. Picasso main luzwakala - geometrization futhi ifomu generalized. Isimo kufana reflection e shards ingilazi ephukile. Amandla ozalwa nokuxhumana imigqa ezindizeni, izithombe namaqiniso kufakwe izimpawu kanye buso.

Lokhu kuba sobala lapho oqanjiwe ezinombala ofanayo esikhundleni ngendwangu multi anemibala. Umbala kuthuthukisa indaba, onikeza ubunjalo Picasso. Kokunye samuntu, umbala ophuzi figure of the Infanta ulunika i kukhanya ukuhamba ekuseni, simelana endaweni enobudlova. Kwesinye - ubuso bomntwana liphenduka unxantathu ezingaphili omhlophe, wuphawu Ukufa kwanoma iyiphi umuzwa womuntu phakathi kwabaphilayo amasiko angathi esiqinile. Imidwebo ngu Picasso, kanye yokuqala, okutholakele luyingxenye representational ezahlukene, kodwa ukuthi okuqukethwe semantic yesithombe ikuvumela ukuqhathanisa ngeso elibanzi. Velazquez kanye Picasso sika "Las Meninas" sihunyushwa ngokuthi scene eziyinkimbinkimbi, egcwele okuqukethwe cishe etemibhalo.

omunye nefilosofi

okwangempela Virtuosic ka Velazquez kanye Picasso plastic ulimi izinhlamvu ukukhonza injongo eyodwa - ukubonisa imibono yezwe, elihambisana enkathini yesimanje wabo. Ngakho-ke kunzima ukuthola ubunye okunenjongo ngokuqhathanisa izithombe. "Las Meninas" by Velazquez kanye Picasso basonta imihlaba, ngokuvamile okuphambene. Umbuzo simelane umculi iziphathimandla amasiko futhi abantu ngezigaba, usuku kwekhulu XVII, zishintshe ekhulwini XX, inkinga indima art ezweni lanamuhla.

Ngo umsebenzi Picasso nokuxazulula Izinjongo global neziqondile. With the new isikhundla izilinganiso umndeni umculi yesehlakalo kokuba umthombo oyinhloko ukukhanya lamadlelo. I webumbacambili zokuthambekela kobuntu, a zefilosofi okuphusile ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX, Picasso eshiwo ngokucacile. incekukazi yakhe ingaqukatha izisusa ngayo intukuthelo nobudlova, Marshal livela ezithusayo ngalé abamnyama, uphawu ukuhlupheka yobuKristu. Ngisho inja kwelinye icala likhipha iyashesha yamahlaya kwenye iba esabekayo impisi-like monster.

Kodwa lokhu kumane nje kuyingxenye yomthwalo izici zefilosofi, iziphi ngokuzuzisayo okuyinhloko. Izinhlobonhlobo ezivezwa, ukuthi umbukeli enquma uqobo - eliphezulu, okuyinto has isithombe "Las Meninas" by Velazquez kanye Picasso. Lena impahla jikelele zonke futhi lokusungula Geniuses ezimbili Spanish.

inkululeko yokuzihlanganisa

Noma kunjalo, umehluko indlela ikhambi Picasso futhi Velazquez imisebenzi yokudala likhulu kakhulu. Achaziwe lapha kuba isigaba equlekile ubuciko, kuyincazelo ngendlela efanele yokuphila isitayela kwekhulu XVII yokusesha esiyisisekelo abaholi emifanekiso emisha phakathi kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Umdwebo "Las Meninas" by Velazquez kanye Picasso kugcizelela ngokucacile kakhulu lokhu. Isekelwe ngokutholakele wayeyisazi lokugcina ehola avant-garde kwekhulu XX kwakha emhlabeni esekelwe umama, kuncike kakhulu ku-enganakile yakhe. Kunzima ukukholelwa nokuqaphela ngamunye ukunyakaza Picasso nokucabangela eliphelele iyiphi ingxenye ngendwangu. Mayelana Velasquez lendlela ezisobala.

Wanamathela ikhona, lento awuwona yini ongelutho kunayo yokuqala, Picasso kuziwa nemiphumela emangalisayo. Ukwenza out woqobo mncane umugqa mpo ngemuva Nikolasito yemifino kanye eziqhakambisa esesikhundleni esingavamile iminwe yakhe, munye samuntu kudala isithombe emaphaphethi, ukudlala Harpsichord.

Inkululeko yokubuthana umcabango olungenamkhawulo kusezingeni abatelekile uma siqhathanisa isithombe. Velazquez kanye Picasso sika "Las Meninas" ligcwele eziningi kungabhekisela nezinkomba, futhi leso sinqumo sale wobuciko njengoba esishaqisayo ugqozi ngokuphelele hhayi ngephutha. Nathi imidwebo emibili ngokusebenzisa ubudala kusobala. Nezimfumbe, linegama wobuciko kwekhulu XVII, ngendlela yalo ixazululwe ngendwangu omkhulu avant-garde. Ngesikhathi esifanayo eziningi zezinkinga ezibangelwa Picasso phambi izilaleli, isikhathi.

"Las Meninas", Velazquez kanye Picasso: Ukuqhathanisa

Yiziphi umehluko omkhulu phakathi yobuciko ezimbili?

• Lezi imidwebo basonta izitayela ezahlukene kwezobuciko. Velasquez - master Baroque, Picasso - Umholi we-art avant-garde
• Isithombe sasekuqaleni eshaya ngokoqobo, Picasso izinhlamvu okunemibandela.
• Main Picasso wadala uchungechunge ezinombala ofanayo, Velazquez wasebenzisa ocebile umbala Palette.

Sinenkosi inokuthile efana ngakho:

• Abstract e uhlamvu umfuziselo of Picasso, efana yokuqala, has a indaba ethize futhi indaba ubuhlobo izinhlamvu.
• Izinhlobonhlobo ezivezwa, omningi walo okuyinto - indima umculi kanye art emhlabeni futhi umphakathi.