Umdwebo "Isidlo sasekuseni Aristocrat" Fedorov. Incazelo yesithombe

Amahlaya ukubhinqa ibekwe ezindaweni ezikhethekile ezimpilweni zethu. Isifiso bahlekise othile (njengaku ezinhle futhi okubi, ngendlela baphikise) sizalwa nawo cishe wonke umuntu. Art iyathinteka. Izimbongi, abalobi, abaculi kanye nabameli nezinye ubuchwepheshe yokudala unake wazungeza engenangqondo okungenangqondo, ukuthi ungenza imibala emisha ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Ukuhlobana izisusa ezinjalo zenzeka empilweni yamasiko omphakathi eminyakeni eminingi edlule.

Esikhathini Russian Umdwebo satirical linendawo ekhethekile Pavel Andreevich fedotov. "Ukudla kwasekuseni Aristocrat" - isithombe, eyaziwa futhi ngaphansi igama lombhali "hhayi ngesikhathi isivakashi", okuyinto ingenye imisebenzi edume kakhulu futhi liyabonakala we umdwebi.

Life kanye isiphetho umculi

Pavel Andreevich fedotov wazalwa ngo-June 22 (July 4), 1815, e-Moscow. Uyise wayengumGreki isikhulu umhlalaphansi wakhonza eMoscow umkhandlu okubhekwa. Ngo 1826, uPawulu waba umfundi YaseMoscow ubusosha Corps, iziqu honours, bese ngadonsa engu-10 e-St Petersburg Finland Regiment. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wayehileleka umdwebo ekilasini Academy of Arts futhi ngokushesha waziwa kumibuthano ewumngcingo sibonga ithalente lakhe futhi ophuma ngaphansi ibhulashi lakhe uhlobo regimental imidwebo, ukudlala, imidwebo romantic, kanye ekumeni of amasotja. Umsebenzi wakhe uye wathola imvume amasotja hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi umndeni kombusi, ikakhulukazi indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi, Grand Duke Alexander Nikolaevich. Ngokucacile imidwebo ezimbili zalotshwa ngu-oda wakhe.

Ngemva kokuthola iziqu ngo-1844, isevisi, fedotov ukuzinikela ukuba zibhalwe futhi baqhubeka bengivakashela Academy, okungukuthi isigaba umdwebo impi. Kepha kabanga angimthandi, futhi ngokushesha umculi wathutha eduze umsebenzi uhlobo, wambiza hhayi nje njengomuntu izigcawu zokuziphatha-ezibucayi zokuphila kwanamuhla, ezifaka hlangana ukuhlahluba mdwebo "Isidlo sasekuseni Aristocrat", abhalwe 1850. Eminyakeni emibili ngaphambili, ngo-1848, yena ubonisa izinga umsebenzi wakhe Karl Pavlovich Briullov, okuyinto kubabeka amamaki aphezulu futhi liyaweseka fedotov.

Empilweni yalo esifushane, uPawulu A. wadala imidwebo abaye baba izibonelo uhlobo imidwebo futhi sibukisa wonke okushiwo ukuphila kwezakhi elibusisekile umphakathi wesimanje. Washona 14 (26) ngo-November 1852 e umtholampilo ngenxa ophazamisekile ekhanda emva exacerbation lokugula ngengqondo futhi wangcwatshwa Smolensk emathuneni Petersburg.

Ukudala Pavel fedotov

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, uhlobo eyinhloko imisebenzi umculi waba yasendlini. Ngo-1846 waqala kahle inqubo uwoyela Umdwebo e inqubo ukusebenza on ngendwangu "I Cavalier fresh." Ngemva konyaka, uPawulu A. zaveza "umakoti ziyakukhetha", ngoba ngalo pha isihloko Academician, futhi ekwindla 1848 wabona ukukhanya Umdwebo "oqomisanayo Okukhulu", okuyinto bamlethela nendawo ephambili phakathi yasekhaya izigcawu abaculi.

Ngo-1850 (Februwari May) fedotov kwaba e Moscow, lapho lo mdwebo "Isidlo sasekuseni Aristocrat" seliqediwe, umsebenzi olwaqala Petersburg. Kamuva wabhala ngendwangu "Umfelokazi", esiqintini elaphefumulelwa kokufa kadade nomyeni wakhe sika umculi. Owokugcina imisebenzi bakhe 'Encore, Encore! "Futhi" Abadlali ". Ngemva kwalokho, impilo akavunyelwe ukusebenza, kodwa iqiniso ukuthi sidalwe, zashiya izibazi emlandweni Umdwebo Russian.

Umlando sokudalwa

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ngawo-1850 umculi iziqu omunye imidwebo yakhe edume kunazo zonke "Isidlo sasekuseni Aristocrat." Umdwebo Fedotova, sabhalwa ngemva kwalesi impumelelo enkulu of "oqomisanayo Okukhulu", laphefumulelwa satires, umlobi ogama lakhe yaqhubeka ingaziwa (mhlawumbe, kwaba khona-ke umlobi abasha Ivan Goncharov): "Futhi uma wazama ngengozi kubantu abanjalo ekhaya wabathola kusimangaze? "ngathi-ke wayesondelene kakhulu umculi, futhi inkambo elula kwaba ukufaka loluhlelo ngokuphelele lesi sitatimende. Nokho, umdwebi akazange ukunqotshwa isilingo, futhi ithumba okwamanje esandulele ke.

Yini thina ozibona esithombeni?

Ngokungangabazeki, ukuhlaziywa ufanelwe yini uvezwa omunye imidwebo liyabonakala kakhulu, okuyinto UPawulu wabhala fedotov, "Isidlo sasekuseni i Aristocrat." Incazelo isithombe egqamile kakhulu ifana nalokho umculi ibithwele ngokusebenzisa amakghonwabo. It usulu imikhuba emibi abantu e kuwukubonakaliswa zabo.

Kubuka imidwebo, sibona umuntu ohlonishwayo abasha, esaba ukumboza isinkwa black isinkwa, okuyinto sonke ekuseni yakhe ukudla, lapho umsindo nesigebengu ezinyathelweni. Umculi ngayo yonke imininingwane emincane ezizungezile hero ikhishwa isakhiwo: ibhokisi kusukela ngaphansi emphemeni eprintiwe amakhadi phansi kwetafula, ekhomba ukugembula; esehlanganise incwadi elula ibhulakufesi, lapho omunye fashion ngesikhathi amanoveli eshicilelwe; Ukukhangisa amaphosta kanye nokusebenza oyster waseshashalazini ubekwe izihlalo (ekuhambeleni kwethu kokugcina kwaba yokuchitha isizungu isibopho sokuba intsha wokuziphilisa wesikhathi); dandified sigqoka ingubo, ithungwe lwakamuv Paris izimfashini.

Kodwa isici esiqephuzayo ngempela, okuyinto kungaqedwa incazelo isithombe Fedotova "Isidlo sasekuseni Aristocrat" - ezingenalutho ngokuphelele futhi waphendukela ngaphakathi ngaphandle isikhwama. Umdwebi ngezwi lakhe isici ihlekisa walithanda kubo nezihloko congenial: kuyize womuntu, okuyize, ukuphila eziwubukhazikhazi, uzifihle ngokucophelela ngaphansi azenze ubumpofu zangaphandle inhlalakahle kanye bukhanye. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi luvezwe ku-canvas babevamile ngokokuqala, ukuthi akabashiyi phi khonondo ukuhlobana kwendaba, owaguqula fedotov.

ukudalelwa imisebenzi

Okwamanje, Umdwebo "Isidlo sasekuseni Aristocrat", kanye neminye imisebenzi ebalulekile ngokuhlangenwe umculi, itholakala e Moscow, ngesikhathi State Tretyakov Gallery Lavrushinsky Lane. Ngaleso sikhathi, uPavel Tretyakov, umsunguli we Museum, wakwazi ukuqoqa abanye imisebenzi ezingavamile ecacile enkathini yokuqala lokusungula fedotov. Namuhla, zigcinwa amaqoqo igalari, kodwa hhayi ichonywe Museum. Imidwebo, sibhajwe inhlangano kamuva kuphela, ingxenye embukisweni unomphela. Le Umdwebo "Isidlo sasekuseni Aristocrat", okuyinto yaba kuncike lesi sihloko, kanye imidwebo "oqomisanayo Okukhulu", omunye amakhophi kombhali "Umfelokazi", "Cavalier Fresh" futhi "intelligibility umakoti."

ekudalweni Value uPawulu fedotov in umdwebo Russian

Ukubaluleka okuyinto bukaJehova kubonakala emisebenzini yakhe, umdwebi, kunzima overestimate. Ubizwa kufanele ngokuthi umsunguli lolu hlobo e zobuciko njengoba okwangempela ezibucayi. Esikhathini inqubo yentuthuko okudala ke eyinqaba kuye ekuqaleni wanqwabelanisa izingoma eziningi izingxenye ngathuthela ngendlela elula kakhudlwana futhi zemvelo. imidwebo yakhe ebambelela ngokuqinile ubuciko uhlobo olusha imidwebo satirical nge imibala kazwelonke, okwakunginika enhlabathini imisebenzi yezinye izingcweti abasha.