Umdlavuza bronchus

Kuze kube manje, umdlavuza bronchus (uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu) kuyinto 95% azo zonke isimila izifo ezaziwayo umgudu wokuphefumula. It is ngokuvamile atholakala abantu safinyelela minyaka engamashumi amane nanhlanu ubudala, kungakhathaliseki izici zawo zobulili. Ucala isifo somdlavuza nge ukwephula isakhiwo amaseli bronchi ke zibe kabi noma isiphi isitho, ukuvala mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi, noma likhula nodonga lwawo, izingalo noma ikhula phakathi bronchi kanye nezicubu eziseduze.

Isigamu sabantu nomdlavuza bronchi, kukhona metastases e-lymph kanye nezindlala adrenal, 40% - esibindini, no-20% - ebuchosheni namathambo. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo sihlasela wamaphaphu kwesokudla, phezulu share yayo.

Kukhona neuropathy bronchus umdlavuza ukuthi ikhulela amashubhu bronchial nasenkabeni, bawabulala bronchi ezinkulu (main, segmental nokulingana). Ugcine ukubonwa e-60% amacala.

Cabanga komqondo nezinga lokukhula kwengane ngesifo somdlavuza.

1. usayizi encane Ithumba amashubhu enkulu bronchi noma bronchial ngaphandle ukuthuthukiswa metastases.

2. Ukuvuvukala ubukhulu okufanayo esigabeni sokuqala nentuthuko, kodwa kukhona metastases wodwa limfauzlah eseduze.

3. Ithumba ngaphandle kwemingcele yokukhanya futhi ikhula yayo engumakhelwane isitho Ukudlulela nande kuthinte-lymph.

4. isimila kudlulela esifubeni, pleura, metastases diaphragm uqale zasakazekela umzimba womuntu.

kakhulu Isithombe lesi sifo incike ubukhulu endaweni ethintekile, isigaba sesifo, isimila isakhiwo. izimpawu Bronchus umdlavuza useqala ukukhombisa yabo ukukhwehlela, eyagcina kube kubi nakakhulu futhi kuhambisana iphika. Khwehlela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi is hhayi ziyancipha, kodwa uyakhula kuphela. It is kakhulu liphinyiselwe ngesikhathi ukukhula izimila anomdlavuza, lapho kuyacasula ukuba umzimba lwamafinyila njengoba nomzimba angaphandle futhi ngaleyo ndlela zibangele bronchospasm.

Lapho isimila iqala iba yingxenye yomhlabathi, kukhona hemoptysis. Lokhu uphawu sizalwa nawo 40% eziguli. Uphawu yesithathu ubuhlungu esifubeni ngenxa kokunqotshwa kwe-pleura. Kuyinto esingokwemvelo 70% bolnymh. Olunye uphawu kubhekwa ukunyuka kwezinga lokushisa ezenzeka ngesikhathi ukuvuvukala ingxenye wamaphaphu (at ukuthuthukiswa pneumonitis).

lobu buthaka bungase ukuhlukanisa phakathi izimpawu jikelele, ukuncipha emzibeni, ukujuluka, ukukhathala.

Ukuthuthukiswa izifo ezifana nomdlavuza bronchial, kuthinte izinqubo ezingamahlalakhona ukuvuvukala okwenzeka ipheshana zokuphefumula. Lezi zihlanganisa ukucinana kwemithambo yomoya emaphashini kanye nenyumoniya, kanye izibazi e iphaphu ngenxa yobunzima sofuba. Futhi neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni yakhe ukubhema, komoya, kanye ufuzo.

Kumele ukuthi ukwelashwa yesimanje anganika abanye umphumela. Ngakho, nge isifo enjalo ngokuvamile zisebenzisa ukuhlinzwa futhi ngemisebe nangamakhemikhali. Endabeni inyumoniya inikezwa Yiqiniso kwama-antibiotic. Lezi zinyathelo ahlinzeke ngcono zesikhashana isimo lesiguli nokulondoloza ukuphila kwakhe. Kukhethwa izinyathelo zokwelapha incike ukuma isifo somdlavuza, degree of namandla aso, kanye nokuba khona metastases.

Ukuze izinyathelo zokuvimbela zihlanganisa ukwelashwa ukuvuvukala kule ipheshana zokuphefumula, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa amafomu ezingamahlalakhona. Uma ungaphenduli ukwelashwa, ifike isuse surgically, okungukuthi, asuse endaweni ethintekile yamaphaphu.

Kubaluleke kakhulu nakhu ukuyeka ukubhema, ukusetshenziswa kwamadivaysi ukuze azivikele izinto eziyingozi emsebenzini.

Ngakho, umdlavuza bronchus iyindawo okuholela phakathi kwazo zonke izifo isimila umgudu wokuphefumula. Ufuzo, umthelela ongemuhle imvelo, futhi ukubhema abangobhongoza ehola yesifo somdlavuza.