Umculi Koler Dzhon

Koler Dzhon - umculi English School, elinye lamathuba angcono kakhulu portrait abadwebi eslphambanweni XIX-XX eminyaka. Wayesebenza isitayela Oku-Raphaelite. Imisebenzi yakhe engcono zihlukaniswa solemnity omkhulu, "weightlessness" imibala, ukusetshenziswa elihlukile ukukhanya nombala.

Koler Dzhon: Biography

John Maler Collier wazalwa Januwari 27, 1850 emkhayeni ocebile futhi onethonya. Wayeyindodana weNkosi Monksvella, abahluleli azitshelwa Council eBrithani futhi itoho amateur mculi. Umfowabo omdala uJohane wayeyindodana Iphini UNobhala we State Military Wezindaba futhi Usihlalo London County Council.

Koler Dzhon wafunda Umdwebo ngesikhathi ILondon School of Fine Arts Feliksa Sleyda. Lapha watholana kumkakhe wokuqala uMarian Haksli (Huxley), okuyinto lwanika ubuhlobo ngo-1879. Ngemva kokuzalwa kwendodakazi yakhe unkosikazi wacindezeleka, okuyindawo welashwa Paris. Lokhu nabo bathuthela noJohane. Wabhalisa e-Academy of Fine Arts. Nokho, maduzane nje, uMarian wagula ephathwa inyumoniya futhi eshona.

Ngo-1889, Collier washada Ethel Huxley - udadewabo omncane nomkakhe efile. Emshadweni, a indodakazi nendodana owayenguyise British Ambassador eNorway (1941-1951 GG.). Koler Dzhon wafa April 11, 1934.

yokufunda

Ngaphambi kokuba abe portraitist omkhulu, umculi British echitha isikhathi esiningi esifundweni ayisisekelo mkhakha. amakhono kokuqala kwakhe wagxilisa esikoleni Sleydera lapho nethonya elikhulu Collier kwadingeka Edvard Dzhon Poynter.

John wabe esefunda art Paris (France), eMunich Heidelberg (eJalimane), Milan (Italy). Iningi eduze inhliziyo uvele imidwebo isitayela, ababezibiza amalungu Oku-Raphaelite Brotherhood. izithombe kanye ngokungaqondile yakhe 'othisha zazizinhle abaculi IsiZulu Lourens Alma-Tadema noJohane Everett Millais.

Kuyinto kusukela Mille yena bamukela indlela, okuyinto namanje eyamukelwa portraiture. Okungukuthi thola imodeli futhi ngendwangu side by side ebabheka bekude, bese ukuhambisa emuva naphambili ukwenza isithombe esinembile ngaphezulu.

ekudalweni

Ekugcineni, Koler Dzhon kwaba master wavuma we-portrait uhlobo. Wabuye zaveza namathafa, imidwebo zomlando, izindaba okukhulu. Umsebenzi wakhe uye wawubonisa izikhathi 83 edumile Royal Academy (London). Abangaphezu kwekhulu nemibukiso labetibambile kwezinye zemibukiso ehlonishwayo, kuhlanganise Suffolk Street, e-Society of abaculi French eRoyal Hibernian Academy.

Phakathi sitters lakhe ibingamashumi uCharles Darwin, Rudyard Kipling, inkosi yase-Wales (Edward VIII), uSolwazi Huxley, ezo Cornwall futhi York, iNkosi Shansela, likaSomlomo weNdlu House of Commons kanye nezinye osaziwayo. ekumeni kwakhe awazange evumelanisiwe umbukiso. Babonisa eziyinkimbinkimbi, egcwele ububi obusemhlabeni engaphakathi amalungu omphakathi okusezingeni eliphezulu. Kuboniswa kwezinye izimo amadlingozi (ngezinye izikhathi zangempela, ngokuvamile uyimbudane), zishukunyiswa indaba hero zembula umphefumulo isibukeli. Kuyinto abanothando ukukhombisa ubuso sitter kweqiniso, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi akazange abe zobungoma, umlobi wenze adume ku kwekhulunyaka. imisebenzi Collier bayisibonelo esihle yenchubomgomo olunothile ekukhanyeni, umbala kanye nomklamo.

Imisebenzi engcono

Koler Dzhon (isithombe yemisebenzi yakhe kungabonwa esihlokweni) utlole eziningi izithombe. Phakathi edume kunazo:

• "Clytemnestra" (1882, 1914).
• "Circe" (1885).
• "Lilith" (1887).
• "I nompristikazi Delphic" (1891).
• "Ardennes Ihlathi" (1892).
• "A ingilazi yewayini" (1893).
• "Lady Godiva" (1898);
• "Tannhäuser at Intaba Lady sika" (1901).
• "Sinner" (1904).
• "Anzhela Makinns '(1914).
• "The Little Mermaid" (1923).
• "Nkosikazi Huxley" (1928).
• "Portrait yendodakazi umdwebi sika" (1929).

impumelelo

Koler Dzhon kwaba omunye wamalungu 24 owasungula iRoyal Society portrait. Kamuva waba yayo iphini likamengameli. Ingabe umlobi wezincwadi "Ubuciko primer" (1882), "Umhlahlandela Amafutha Painting" (1886) kanye "Ubuciko portraiture" (1905). Yena yanikezelwa Order of WaseBrithani ngo-1920.

Mayelana Collier ebhaliwe izincwadi eziningi. Sixteen kaJohane imidwebo manje amaqoqo le-Portrait National Gallery (London), emibili embukisweni Tate Igalari. Self-Portrait 1907 usekhona Museum of the Uffizi (Florence).

Okunye imisebenzi kungabonakala ezizimele kanye nezikhungo zomphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, umdwebo ezinkulu futhi ezimibalabala "Clytemnestra" itholakala igalari sehholo ledolobha kwedolobha London. Ukudweba "Ukufa Umusho" ichonywe kwebuciko kwedolobha Wolverhampton. isithombe sakhe of Earl of Onslow (1903) ungaphakathi Klandon Park (Surrey, England). RostoVs portrait uSir Charles Mander (baronet lokuqala) - omunye Gloucestershire amaqoqo.

ukugxekwa

Abagxeki banemibono eyahlukene zokudala Dzhona Kolera. Esikhathini "Dictionary of Art" (1996) Dzheffri Eshitoni waphawula ukuthi ngenxa yesimo isicelo umudwa webhulashi (cishe ayibonakali) "upende wasebenzisa flat futhi ungakujabulisi," kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ubuciko bazokubona ukuthi "Collier kwadingeka umuzwa onamandla futhi akumangalisi umbala, okuholela didekile kwemizwelo okwangempela futhi ukubonakala izinhlamvu movie. "

"Portraitists Dictionary Britain kuze 1920" (1997) uchaza ekumeni kwakhe ngokuthi "imidwebo nge ukusetshenziswa fresh yokukhanya nombala."

Esikhathini "Dictionary of National Biography" (1949) Collier usebenza sibonga solemnity ekhethekile kuqhathaniswa ngemisebenzi Frank Hollema. "Imidwebo yakhe endala, amadoda, abesifazane nezingane, zimumethe izigcawu zokuphila kwansuku zonke ngokuvamile kukhona egqamile kakhulu futhi fresh."