Dzhon Konstebl: impilo kanye imidwebo amakhosi landscape IsiZulu

Isiphetho lo mculi emangalisayo. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe akazange sifinyelele ukuqashelwa njengabawufanelekele ezweni, futhi manje Dzhon Konstebl - omunye landscape othandekayo kakhulu nabadumile British. Eastern Suffolk, Izwe kabani ukubukwa babé okuqukethwe eyinhloko imidwebo yakhe ubize uConstable - Land uConstable.

indodana ka-miller

Juni 11, 1776 ku eningizimu-mpumalanga yeNgilandi, e-East Bergholte, emkhayeni, eyayinawo ufulawa eziningana, kudabuka khona umculi we-English namathafa Dzhon Konstebl. Umlando wakhe ugcwele yokuphikisana izimo zokuphila. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, yokuchitha isizungu esithandayo wayehamba emhlabeni komakhelwane nge-albhamu, lapho wazama ukuveza isimo ezizungezile, kodwa uyise wayecabanga ukuthi uJohane uzoqhubeka ebhizinisini lomkhaya. Akazange ngokushesha bakwemukele esinqumweni sakhe ukuya Royal Academy of Fine Arts futhi zizinikele alithembekile izikebhe mculi. Iningi ukuqeqeshwa isikhathi esikoleni ayihlala emsebenzini ezimele cwaningo bemvelo kanye nemisebenzi yamakhosi esidlule. Bethonywe umsebenzi Claude Lorrain, Rubens, Yakoba Van Ruisdael, Annibale Karrachi, izinkondlo Craze kuye kwaholela yokuthi Dzhon Konstebl ithuthukiswe ngendlela ekhethekile isithombe bemvelo, egcwele izinkondlo romanticism.

Ukuvuselelwa uhlobo

Dutch bekhulu landscape XVII - isikhathi enkazimulweni emfushane lolu hlobo imidwebo. Ekumeni futhi imidwebo zomlando izindikimba basezinganekwaneni babe izinhlobo esiyinhloko abaculi kanye nomphakathi ngaleso sikhathi. Dzhon Konstebl, omisebenzi yakhe ukuboniswa namathafa akhe ajwayelekile yasemakhaya sokushisekela isiNgisi, kanye Turner futhi amanye amakhosi esabangela ukuvuselelwa isithakazelo landscape.
Wazama ukupenda ekumeni nezikhonzi zenkolo ukuze sithuthukise isimo sezimali, kodwa akazange afinyelele impumelelo. Kwaba namathafa akhe egcwele ingxenye ekhethekile ngokomzwelo, sesiye okuqukethwe eyinhloko umsebenzi wakhe, okwakubekelwa eside indiva ezweni lakubo. Abagxeki uqaphele isithunzi okusezingeni eliphezulu yale midwebo, okuyinto embukisweni izikhathi ezahlukene Dzhon Konstebl: "umhlabathi olimekayo" (1826), "iWhite Horse" (1819), "Buka Salisbury '(1831). Kodwa abazange balamukele engavamile brushwork yakhe okuxekethile "ophansi" isihloko iningi lemisebenzi yakhe.

emisha isitayela

Creative indlela wizadi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. He is okokuqala isikhathi esiningi emsebenzini endaweni evulekile, ukuqapha imvelo kanye Ukufuna ilungelo inhlanganisela yemibala. imidwebo yakhe ezandulela ukulotshwa imidwebo kule studio, abaningi babona ukuthi isipiliyoni lokuqala uwoyela Umdwebo ngaphandle. ukunakekela kwakhe isimo wesibhakabhaka namafu Sibhalwe uhlamvu kokuma Meteorological. Ziningi full-scale imidwebo iphelezela amarekhodi izimo zezulu, izici imihlola ngokomzimba emkhathini. Wabanikeza Imiphumela emangalisayo. Zonke namathafa Dzhon Konstebl isebenzisa esibhakabhakeni hhayi njengendlela isizinda hlangothi, kanye indlela enamandla nokucindezeleka okungokomzwelo okubangelwa, okwangempela umxhwele yesithombe.

Kwakuyisimanga nokudweba imiklamo. Okubangela impumuzo imivimbo ezimibalabala at engele ezahlukene, wasifinyelela umphumela kuze kube manje engakaze ibonwe. Amandla owakuzala ngale ndlela izosetshenziswa isizukulwane esilandelayo abaculi, eyokuqala kuyoba Impressionists. Bese Dzhon Konstebl imidwebo okuyinto a baxgeki ngokuthi sidle, wamangalelwa ngokuthi abazange banake, ukungafaneleki nokuntengantenga.

Paris enkazimulweni

Futhi okwamanje imisebenzi yakhe mikhulu kangakanani impendulo efanele kusukela besikhathi sakhe. Ngo-1824, 4 imidwebo uConstable BakaJehova babebizwa embukisweni Paris Salon, elinye lawo kwaba "I Hay Wain". A uhlobo yesehlakalo zizincane zokuphila lasemaphandleni nje ingxenye indawo, okwangempela umxhwele nemizwelo okukhulu. Lokhu ngendwangu babewahlonipha master enkulu French romance: uTeodor Zheriko futhi Ezhen Delakrua. Ikhono eyiNgisi liye laba nethonya elinamandla ubuciko babo, amasu akhe baye basebenzisa emsebenzini wabo. UConstable wakwazi ukuthengisa eFrance, mayelana amabili imidwebo yakhe.

idrama Siqu

Kodwa into eyinhloko zokuyinhloko kwaba ukuqashelwa ekhaya. Income ngcono ngemva ifa lakhe, kodwa akazange kwaba ezinzile ngempela. Wabalwa party akunakunisiza Maria Bicknell, ayemvuse eyaziwa nabathandwayo kusukela ebuntwaneni. Owenqabela ukushadana naye, okuyinto kuphothuliwe e 1816, ukubhikisha zonke izihlobo zakhe.

isikhathi Khanyisa ekuphileni komkhaya uConstable lonakaliswe impilo ebuthaka komkayo othandekayo. Kusukela ekufeni Mary (1828), wayengalokothi ukwazi ukuthi uphinde kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila balilile. Uhlamvu belusizi aluthola eziningi imidwebo yakhe wadala enkathini yokugcina yokuphila. Dzhon Konstebl washona ngo-1837, nokuthi wembelwa eceleni uMariya.

Ifa master

Ngezindlela eziningi, uConstable khona Innovator. Wayengumuntu nenkolelo Contemporary ukuthi landscape into esemqoka - umcabango. ukunemba kwayo ngomfanekiso nemvelo, lapho ungakwazi kalula ukukhomba uhlobo isihlahla noma isitshalo, ukusetshenziswa kokuma Meteorological ukuba sibonise ongokoqobo wezimo sezulu kumenza abe umuntu Ukukhanyiselwa, ukukhula kanye nentuthuko kwezezimboni. Kukhethwa main theme for the imidwebo, kakhulu, ukhuluma lensha. Umdwebi wabonakala kuqala, etshumayela ukubaluleka imvelo yomhlaba, okuyinto echayeke abantu. Lesi sihloko liba ukuthi zihlobane kakhulu intuthuko yasemadolobheni, saneliswe ngokuthela kwezindebe amandla abantu.

izindlela Reform reflection zomhlaba ekupheleni kwekhulu XIX kwaholela kwavela art entsha Impressionists. Abaningi babo babebizwa ngokuthi phakathi amandulela eqondile Dzhona Konstebla.