Ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu eHaiti

Ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu eHaiti ngo-2010 kwaba kakhulu emikhulu inhlekelele ka ngekhulu xxi. Isithombe kusuka yesehlakalo olushaqisayo namuhla - okuningi yenhloko-dolobha iPort-au-Prince kwacekeleka phansi. Kwakuthinta imizi hhayi kuphela, kodwa cishe kuzo zonke izibhedlela, amabhilidi zezinkonzo eziningana, isonto elithile, National Palace kanye ehhotela "Christoph", lapho abameleli mission UN e Port-au-Prince. Naphezu kwasendaweni elincani nemiphumela elimaza kakhulu, futhi isibalo izisulu zokuzamazama komhlaba kungenziwa njengelinye lamazwe kwenzeke inhlekelele enkulu yekhulu leminyaka elidlule.

usuku kwesibhamu ngoba inhlokodolobha Haitian - Port-au-Prince

Haiti ukuzamazama komhlaba kwenzeka Januwari 12, 2010. Lapho ukuzamazama kwaqala khona wawusegunjini amakhilomitha ayishumi nanhlanu nje enhlokodolobha lesi siqhingi - Port-au-Prince, kanye emnyombweni focus yokuzamazama komhlaba kwaba ngesikhathi amakhilomitha nantathu ukujula. Ngenxa yalokho womsebenzi eslphambanweni amapuleti Caribbean kanye North American fixed main push ezidlula 7 ku esikalini sikaRichter , futhi sebuningini okuphindayo, amandla 15 zazo kwaba ngaphezu 5 amaphuzu.

Umuzi iyikhaya cishe ingxenye yesithathu labantu isimo, ukuze inhlekelele ezinkulu kwaba buhlungu sina eHaiti.

Trgicheskaya isimo alikapheli kahle ukuzamazama nokuqedwa nemiphumela yezinhlekelele zemvelo. izibhicongo Komphakathi, yokuntuleka kwezimali kanye nezinye izinkinga ezingamahlalakhona waqala kulesi siqhingi, futhi abuye abuyele kulo i ucishe ukuphila okuvamile, inhlokodolobha wathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili.

Idatha wokuqala mayelana kwenhlekelele eHaiti

Kokuzamazama komhlaba eHaiti ngo isikhathi eside kwaba isihloko eyinhloko iningi nabezindaba bakwamanye amazwe ngeviki ngemuva kwesigameko. UMongameli we-State abathintekayo wenza isitatimende lwayo lokuqala kwaba nomthelela omkhulu enhlekeleleni at ngosuku olulandelayo ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba. Rene Preval sathi ngokokunye idatha wokulungiselela, izisulu zezinhlekelele zemvelo babe abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-30. isikhonzi waseHaiti prime wamemezela inamba enkulu - ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 100 efile noma ngaphezulu.

Qala ukutakulwa

Januwari 12 ukuzamazama komhlaba kwenzeka eHaiti, ekugcineni ukutakulwa waqala ngokushesha, futhi ngemva kwamahora ambalwa wokuqala Kwakuseshwa kuphela amabutho sangaphakathi isimo. Yahlala esibhedlela eyodwa kuphela, lapho Odokotela lempi izakhamuzi ezazisaphila waletha olimele nabafileyo. Umlobeli we-BBC, elalisekhaya endaweni yesehlakalo, kusho izidumbu embondelene ngqo imihubhe esibhedlela noma eceleni komgwaqo, futhi kabi amahora balindele usizo kodokotela.

Usizo lokuqala zaqala ukutheleka eHaiti ku 13 Januwari. Mayelana 37 amazwe, kuhlanganise naseRussia, bathunyelwa esiqhingini abatakuli, nemithi, ukudla nezinye izinto ezibalulekile. Kamuva kwangena ngamanye amazwe amaningana. Abalimele waqala ukuba athathe ezinophephela emhlane e Santo Domingo, inhloko-dolobha ezingomakhelwane Dominican Republic. Ukuqala ukusebenza ukusindisa kwabhoboka ukuthi ingqalasizinda lesi siqhingi labhujiswa komhlaba: echwebeni zonakala kakhulu, athula lwemikhumbi kwakunzima, kwaba uphethiloli awanele ukuba ifake uphethiloli, esikhumulweni sezindiza hhayi ukubhekana ukuthutheleka izindiza nezindiza ezinophephela emhlane, imigwaqo bagcwala imfucumfucu, ababaleki, abafayo nabalimalayo .

Januwari 15 izidumbu waqala ukuhlanza emigwaqweni ogandaganda. Kokuzamazama komhlaba eHaiti ngo (esithombeni ku ngemuva kwesigameko ngenhla ngezinsuku zokuqala) kwasusa nenhlekelele zezenhlalakahle. abantu abayizigidi ezintathu zasala dengwane, entula nokudla namanzi ahlanzekile, abaningi zabulawa indlala, ukoma kanye nokuntuleka kwenhlanzeko. Izitolo zokuthenga ukudla, izitolo kanye nezakhiwo zikahulumeni zaphangwa, izibhelu neziyaluyalu, waba ngukumkani edolobheni, aphanga ezabikwa.

Ulwazi mayelana labo dlulisa lalimaza

Januwari 16, yabe seyaziwa ngokuthi kule nhlekelele sabulala abantu abangaba 140,000, iningi labantu inhlokodolobha wasala bengenamizi nokudla. Ngalo lolo suku, uMongameli Haiti, wathi mass amathuna yayisikhokhiwe wangcwatshwa abantu abayizinkulungwane 40-50, futhi inani eliphelele izisulu zifike inkulungwane 200. Kulinganiselwa ahlukahlukene, enhloko-dolobha wabhubhisa kufika ku-50% we izakhiwo, kuhlanganise izakhiwo zikahulumeni, izibhedlela, emaphakathi ejele. Haiti emva uvalo komhlaba neziyaluyalu, kwakukhona amaqembu ahlomile abaphangi. Rescue imisebenzi kanye ukulethwa usizo lokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle namanje nzima ukubhujiswa, izinkinga zokuxhumana, ukwahluleka ukuhlanganisa phakathi amaqembu ahlukahlukene kanye nezinkinga nge uphethiloli supply.

usizo International futhi ukulethwa izimpahla zosizo

Okokuqala Haiti bathunyelwa iqembu lezempi, abatakuli nodokotela ngqo wangisiza wabantu emfucumfucwini, nezinkonzo zokunakekela impilo. Usizo uJesu akabanga nje ohulumeni bamazwe amaningi, kodwa futhi abanye ubuntu owaziwa, izinkampani ezinkulu kanye nezinhlangano.

namanye amazwe, okuyinto ezinsukwini zakuqala kwakukhona ehlelekile, kakhulu zasiza ekulondolozeni abaningi ababesindile yendlala, aphanga kanye nokuntuleka kwenhlanzeko. Kodwa izinkinga ukulethwa zosizo babe ezinkulu, ngisho noma hhayi acabangele ingqalasizinda ubhujiswe. Haiti zenzeka ngenxa yezinhlekelele zezenhlalakahle: Ukudla, imithi, uphethiloli kanye nezinye izidingo ezibalulekile kukhona emigqeni omkhulu, echuma kuphangwa.

Ukungasebenzi kahle okubangelwa ukuphazamiseka kule kokudla

Kokuzamazama komhlaba eHaiti kuye kwabangela imibhikisho kanye nezinxushunxushu yangempela, awasalayo inhlokodolobha amasonto amaningana. Abantu waselala emigwaqweni, ukuqikelela lokunye ukuzamazama, emfucumfucwini kwezinsuku ezimbalwa wakuzwa ukukhala abalimele nabafileyo umane wanqwabelanisa emathilomu nasemgwaqweni. Kuphethe emsebenzini wokutakula kwakunzima ngenxa yezinkinga ixhala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani labantu lesi siqhingi evamile ukwenza imilingo nokuthakatha: i-voodoo umpristi wendawo ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa le ngozi uthe izidumbu bangcwatshwa mass amathuna, maduze uqale ukuza ukuphila. Yiqiniso, isimo ngokwengqondo sabantu usufinyelele kakhulu kusukela lomuntu ohlonishwayo enjalo phambili.

19 Januwari ukuthi amabutho olawule endaweni emaphakathi yenhloko-dolobha, lapho kwenzeka ukuzamazama komhlaba. Haiti inhlekelele safuna isiphetho obekungase abulawe abantu nakakhulu. Theft nokuhlasela ahlomile aye ifinyelele imikhawulo engakaze ibonwe.

Izinsolo-United States ayehlasela Haiti

Phakathi wokutakula US-Marine, njengoba kuye kwashiwo, olawule kamongameli esigodlweni endaweni (umongameli kanye nokuphatha wasebenza esiteshini samaphoyisa, ngasesikhumulweni sezindiza). France wabe esethi United States umsebenzi eHaiti wambuza UN ukucacisa kusuka e-United States igunya lempi endaweni le nhlekelele. Okhulumela amabutho US waphendula ngokuthi akuyona emayelana nomsebenzi, kodwa mayelana nokusebenza wokutakula. Isimo yaxazululwa ngokuphepha, t. Ukuze. Haiti namanje edingekayo nosizo olungokoqobo ngamazwe ukuxazulula lesi simo futhi odokotela zabo, abatakuli namasosha kwakungenele.

ukuzamazama komhlaba okuphindaphindiwe

izinsuku Nine ngemva kwale nhlekelele yinhlekelele, January 21, 2010, kwase kabusha kuzamazame umhlaba eHaiti (unyaka saba sibi isimo). Umuzi kulindeleke uvalo ukusabalala, kodwa ekubhubhiseni ezintsha kanye izisulu lokunye ukuzamazama ezidlula 6 amaphuzu alucasulwa.

Rescue emva ukuzamazama komhlaba okuphindaphindiwe baqhubeka evamile.

Kungani ukuzamazama komhlaba yenzeka njalo ezinhloko-Haiti? Lo mbuzo emakhasini nabezindaba bakwamanye amazwe enethonya, okuyinto bakhangwa ochwepheshe ukucacisa lapho inhlekelele eyokwenzeka ngokuzayo. Nokho, impendulo ilula - lesi siqhingi ngezinye kuhlangana khona izingqimba ezimbili zomhlaba. Isimo itholakala izoni zokuzamazama komhlaba asebenzayo, ukuzamazama komhlaba kanye ezidlula elincane zenzeka khona unaphakade.

Ukubuyela emuva ku-evamile

Isimo ukudla uhlaliseke kancane kuphela 20 Januwari. In the izitolo ezimbalwa yaqala ukubonakala imikhiqizo at eqolo kabili intengo namanzi ahlanzekile. Ezinye yinqwaba abangu zezikhali, ngisho iminyaka emibili ngemva kwale nhlekelele.

Esikhathini isithombe esingenhla, isibonelo, izicathulo okhangisa ngemikhiqizo yenkampani, engayibona imi phezu isizinda bhasi lesi sakhiwo 9 Januwari 2012.

Ngakho-ke, isimo ezama ukuqhubeka bephila ngendlela evamile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umsebenzi umongameli apharathasi emaphakathi kwamandla libuyiselwe futhi mission UN eHaiti uqalisiwe (abamele yeziZwe babekhona esiqhingini kusukela nezibhelu ka 2004). labantu esimaphakathi abuyela izimo zokuphila ngaphezulu noma eyamukelekayo kancane, kodwa enhloko-dolobha yaseHaiti ngeke zisaba lapho yayikhona ngaphambi kokuzamazama komhlaba - izisulu eziningi kakhulu wayithukuthelisa inhlekelele.

In the photo, esemgwaqweni ngezansi ikhombisa amaphosta sabantu abashone Iphandle Port-au-Prince.

Isithombe sathathwa ngonyaka ka-2012.

ukuhlolwa kokugcina umonakalo okwabangelwa ukuzamazama

Ngo-March 18, 2010, idatha ezisemthethweni ezibonisa ukuthi inani abathintekile eHaiti zaba abantu abayizinkulungwane 222 570 ziye zakhululwa. Ukulimala of kobukhulu obuhlukahlukene babe 311.000 izakhamuzi, ngiphuthe efakwe abantu 869. Umonakalo impahla kwakulinganiselwa ku EUR 5.6 billion.

Ngesikhathi kwenzeka le nhlekelele wabulala UN izikhulu, kuhlanganise ikhanda mission wenhlangano eHaiti, isazi sezifo zezingane Brazilian eyaziwa, umhleli izinhlelo yesihle izingane, umbhishobhi omkhulu wase-inhloko-dolobha, kusho uNgqongqoshe waseHaiti wezobuLungiswa kanye weqembu eliphikisayo.

Isimo eHaiti ngo-2010: ukuzamazama komhlaba, isiphepho, uthuli, futhi umqedazwe ikholera

Haiti ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba lamfica nezinye izinhlekelele eziningi. Ngo-October 2010, kwaqubuka ikholera, okuyinto kwakunzima ngenxa yezinkinga ngokungabi imithi hhayi ukususa ngokuphelele imiphumela yokuzala owayenecala ngale nhlekelele phezu 12 Januwari. Ikholera wabulala ezine namakhulu nengxenye abantu, inani amashumi itheleleke ezinkulungwane.

Ubhubhane kwabhebhethekiswa isiphepho "Thomas", okuyinto elabulala abantu abangu-20 futhi kwabangela yizikhukhula ezinamandla, imibhikisho ngesikhathi wokhetho lobumengameli nokushushiswa "abathakathi" futhi "nabathakathi" abanecala zonke izinhlekelele eHaiti, ngokuvumelana nenani labantu.

Isimo zezenhlalakahle ngezindlela eziningi akuyona uhlaliseke okwamanje.

Sinjani isimo eHaiti manje, cishe ngemva kweminyaka 7 iminyaka ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba

Kuze kuqiniswa ngokugcwele leli thuba wosizo Haiti namanje kude kakhulu. Muva nje, i-State ehlaselwe isiphepho "Mathewu" futhi eziningi kubhubhane entsha. Ngaphezu kwakho konke - Ukuntengantenga kwesimo sezombangazwe, amazinga aphansi ephilayo, iziteleka njalo nemiboniso, izibhelu futhi itholene phezulu namabutho UN kumishini. Isimo Haiti uhlala ebuhlungu.