Ukuvikela amagilebhisi nezilokazane nezifo. Izinga eliphakeme kunawo kwamagilebhisi Icubungula entwasahlobo

Namuhla, kwagxilwa yethu - lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela amagilebhisi nezilokazane nezifo. Empeleni, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba iningi balimi abhekene iqiniso lokuthi babe endaweni ikhula umvini omkhulu, okuyinto ethatha lemali omkhulu isikhala, isikhathi namandla, futhi ngenxa yalokho ungatholi kusukela sokuvuna yakhe efanele. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva wonke umuntu eza khona nomqondo ukujikijela isitshalo engenamsebenzi futhi uthenge amajikijolo emakethe. Nokho, konke ungaluthola kunjalo, nje kudingeka bazi ukuthi evimbela ukukhula nokuthuthuka imivini. Futhi ewusizo kungaba ukubona ukuthi ukuvikelwa yesimanje amagilebhisi nezilokazane nezifo. Kuphela nge-arsenal enjalo yolwazi, ungathola yi ehloniphekile.

Ukunakekela umvini: Spring izihlahla

Ucala isizini umatasa ... udinga ukutshala imivini abasha engadini, noma ukwandisa bese tie kakade ebusika. Ukuze uqinisekise izimo zokuphila ohloniphekile ukukhula nokuthuthuka lwamagilebhisi, kufanele ufake i-kocingo, lapho sizobe abophe imvubu uyelulekwa ukuhlola amahlumela amasha. Ukuze ukhule ube namandla futhi isihlahla enempilo kufanele kwesokunxele 1-2 Ukuphunyuka eziqine. Zonke abanye kudingeka phuma. Amahlumela kufanele tie sesimweni oqotho, kancane edonsa ukuthuthukisa ukukhula kwabo. Ukuze umvini esenamandla futhi unempilo, udinga yonke inkathi ukususa stepsons, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke nibe eziningi zasemazweni kanye izithelo kancane. Lokhu kunjalo, ikakhulu kanambambili kweqiniso futhi ternary ezikhulayo komunye itheku. Umgomo: bawe esihlahleni osemusha okumelwe abe yikho ezintathu noma ezine yokuphunyuka enamandla, kunemikhiqizo inqwaba enkulu efanele futhi ibuthakathaka. Kufanele uyeke konke emilibeni (umvini namanje wena tie), kanye ehlathini ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-iminyaka emithathu, nayo isuswe zonke esibelethweni. Asikho isidingo sokuba silwele ukuba singazivumeli ukuba alondoloze sokuvuna: kuze ehlathini kuwumsebenzi eyodwa - zikhule bakhulu banamandla. Lawa eziyisisekelo ekunakekelweni ngokuba izivini, kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeka wazi ukuthi amagilebhisi ukuvikelwa izinambuzane nezifo. Kukhethwa imithi yokwelapha amakhemikhali segodya omkhulu.

ulwazi eyisisekelo

Amagilebhisi walithanda hhayi kuphela abantu. Inani elikhulu of ezahlukene isikhunta, amagciwane, singabi mayelana nawo izinambuzane ukukuxoxela oluhlaza ingxenye noma izithelo namanzi. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuze kuvikeleke amagilebhisi nezilokazane nezifo. "Izitha" ezibaluleke kakhulu kungenziwa ngokuthi isifo fungal ukuthi kungaholela ekulahlekelweni ingqikithi isivuno, futhi ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu angase afe yena ehlathini. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile lokufeza ukwelashwa njalo. Amagilebhisi entwasahlobo uchayeke kakhulu ukuhlasela nezilwanyana ezincane ezihlukahlukene, futhi yiso ngalesi sikhathi wabeka imbewu amaqoqo esizayo.

Namuhla kakade, entsha izinhlobo yamagilebhisi ukuthi kukhona livikela kakhulu izifo ukhunta. Lokhu Talisman, Arcadia, Codreanca. Nokho, eminyakeni ethile lapho iye umsebenzi amagciwane athile kanye nezilwanyana ezincane anda, kodwa nalapho, lezi nzalo ziye zathinta ngempumelelo yibo, ngisho noma ngezinga elincane. Ngokuvamile umphumela uba ukulahlekelwa esinqunyiwe sokuvuna kanye nokulahlekelwa kancane otshanini. Yingakho amagilebhisi entwasahlobo kufanele luphathwe izidakamizwa ezikhethekile, kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa amagciwane ayingozi.

I esiyingozi kakhulu isifo fungal

Okokuqala e Uyaqina isikhutha kuvela. I esiyingozi kakhulu futhi ezinonya isifo fungal European yamagilebhisi izinhlobo. Ukunqotshwa Kulula kakhulu ukuqaphela: izicubu leaf kuthiwa ucaciswa, zivela ophuzi, amabala cishe okusobala. Uma isimo sezulu iyomisa futhi ishisa kakhulu salokhu ukuthuthukiswa isifo eyeka ke sezulu omanzi efudumele phezu underside ishidi livela fluff. Ngesikhashana nje lonke isitshalo kuthintwa, kuhlanganise izimpondo, inflorescence, emikhulu kanye amajikijolo abasha. izimbali elinegciwane ukushintsha umbala, nsundu, zinyakaze bese boma. amajikijolo athintekayo ekuqaleni ujike blue ke nsundu, ziyabuna wome. Amagilebhisi entwasahlobo kusetshenzwe kuqala ukuze ugweme lesi sifo. Qhubekela phambili.

Eyesibili isifo esiyingozi libizwa isikhutha powdery. Azisekho izinhlobo ezibalulekile kanye nzalo singangena kule izifo izitshalo isiphunzi. Kulokhu, izibonakaliso zakhe kalula. Bethonywe izitshalo ukhunta ukuthuthukisa kahle, efanele. Khona-ke uqala ukukhombisa ushintsho lamina: it is esishwabene, embozwe izindawo, yokuqhuma lemicu empunga elinamathela othini-mhlophe. Babalelwa ku-June ka-ukuthuthukiswa isifo ifinyelela umvuthwandaba wayo: amaqabunga ibuna, amahlumela embozwe amnyama. I efihlekile abathintekayo afe, amajikijolo zabo ziyabuna wome. Uma umvini ogulayo eshiya ngaphansi ebusika, ngokuvamile kakhulu iqina, futhi ngonyaka owalandela izinso futhi akufanele kuthathwe. Ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezifana, ukucutshungulwa yamagilebhisi kumele kwenziwe kwentwasahlobo.

Esinye isifo njalo - amagilebhisi anthracnose. Kuthinta yonke ehlathini eshiya, sifanamsindvo, amadevu kanye Combs. Babonakala amnyama izindawo ensundu, futhi kamuva kulezi zindawo nezicubu uyafa off balifafaza. ukusatshalaliswa eqinile, kanye nokuqubuka kwalesi sifo zenzeka liyana, isimo sezulu ezimanzi.

Ngokuvamile ku sezihlahla kungathola izimpawu zesifo ezifana grey isikhunta. ukucutshungulwa yamagilebhisi kuzosiza ukuvikela imivini kulokhu kuhlupheka. ezingavamile kakhulu sezulu iyomisa futhi ishisa kakhulu, kodwa lapho imvula ngokuvamile uqala ukusakaza ngesilinganiso kumnandi. Kuthinta zonke izingxenye oluhlaza zalesi sihlahla, kodwa umonakalo enkulu grey isikhunta kubangela isivuno. Athintekayo efihlekile nsundu futhi bafe. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lonke, amajikijolo oluhlaza kusukela ukhunta akusho ahlupheke. Nokho, amaqoqo, ngashaywa isichotho noma kabana izinambuzane singangena kule imiphumela yayo. Kodwa njengoba izithelo washintsha ngo emihlambini abavuthiwe ziqala ukugula amagciwane, ngakho ukuvuna wena cishe ukuphumelela. isikhunta Gray - ukhunta esakazwa, Nokho yokusingatha entwasahlobo kuwukuphela kwendlela ukuvikela imivini kusuka wathi ukutheleleka. Ngendlela efanayo ukuthi iziphatha njengoba bola omnyama nomhlophe.

izilonda ezithathelwanayo

Ngokuvamile kungabonakala engadini nezifo ezithé chithi saka futhi iyingozi kakhulu eyaziwa ngokuthi nezihlahla ezithathelwanayo esiqedayo kubangelwa iqembu isikhunta yisinanakazana. Izitshalo bahlale ukukhula nokuthuthuka, futhi kamuva kudedelwa le amahlamvu. Ezimweni eziningi lapho lokushisa kuma kwandisa isifo uqala bachubekela embili ngekushesha lokungafani kabili amandla. Ngoba kunesithembiso ekulahlekelweni inani ehlathini.

canker webhaktheriya - esinye isifo esiyingozi esibangela kumiswa ngamaqhubu emzimbeni emvinini. Kancane kancane kukhona ukubhujiswa kwezicubu, ngaleyo ndlela, otvalivayas izitshalo, lezinhlamvu ukwakha-up isikhathi eside iphila enhlabathini. Izindlela emzabalazweni akukho okudingeka ukuba ngisiphule simila.

nesikhunta

Ukuze kuliwe amalungiselelo isikhutha esetshenziswa zethusi-aqukethe, ezifana Bordeaux ingxube kanye fungicide letindzala izimila. Lokhu kungaba "Ridomil Gold", "Carbo Phezulu" kanye nabanye abaningi. Ukulwisana powdery isikhutha kuhlanganisa eziningi izinyathelo zokuvikela kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo kungakephuzi. Kufanele uqale nge izinyathelo zokuvimbela, okungukuthi nge sishaye powder nesibabule ezomile, isimo sezulu windless. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi kwaba ekuseni nobe ntsambama amahora. Nokho, namuhla kukhona nesikhunta eliphumelelayo izitshalo ukuthi kungenziwa kuhlangene ejenti ukuthi ukuvikela izitshalo ngokumelene isikhutha. Lawa izidakamizwa njenge "strobe", "Alto Super itopazi", "Vectra", "Ukhozi", "fundazol" kanye nabanye abaningi. Kulokhu, isikhathi processing ingase yehluke kuye ngesistimu sezingeni ukulimala. isihlahla zonakala ukuphathwa ngayo nje obhekwe efihlekile yokuqala, okungukuthi, ngokushesha ngemva ukulengiswa. Uma unezilonda bengekho noma babuthakathaka, ungenza ukucutshungulwa ngokuhambisana scheme esizokhuluma ukunikeza mncinyane.

Ukulwa anthracnose kusetshenziswa entwasahlobo Bordeaux ingxube. ukucutshungulwa okwalandela senzeka kanye fafaza isikhutha, izidakamizwa zethusi-aqukethe ie kunezelwa nesikhunta. isikhunta Gray - enkingeni amapulazi amaningi horticultural, futhi ukubhekana naso usebenzisa nesikhunta ezifana "Ronilan", "Rovlan", "Euparen", "Topsin", "Sumileks". 4 Umkhawulo ovumelekile umkhiqizo ukucutshungulwa isizini. Uma imvula kancane, kungenzeka ukwenza sprinkles ezimbili noma ezintathu. Kusukela bola elimhlophe kakhulu kahle asiza nesikhunta letindzala ezifana "Captan", "Ftalon", "Zineb". Kubaluleke ngokukhethekile ukuba enze ukucutshungulwa ngemva kokuba sekudlule isichotho futhi waphula amajikijolo. Against abamnyama bola umsebenzi omuhle "Bayleton", "Baitau" kanye "itopazi".

nesikhunta lefundo futhi contact

Namuhla, emakethe emelelwa ibanga sasivumela ebanzi izimali, ukuze wonke umuntu angakwazi ukuthola nesikhunta efanelekayo. Uphenyo ochwepheshe emkhakheni ubuchwepheshe yezolimo ukukhombisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa kwawo i kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuvikela ngokuphelele imivini. Lawa ama-ejenti zamakhemikhali ukubhubhisa noma ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa izifo fungal. Hlukanisa ukuphulukiswa nesikhunta zokuzivikela. Eyokuqala isetshenziselwa nokuvimbela ukutheleleka, kanti eyesibili - kuyinto ukucindezela ukuthuthukiswa isifo.

Zonke Amalungiselelo amagilebhisi zihlukaniswe contact kanye letindzala. Eyokuqala bayakwazi ukungena nezitshalo sebehamba ngokukhululeka besuka ezweni lonke izicubu zawo ngokhokho abacindezela ukutheleleka osendlini. Lokhu kusho ezifana "Ridomil Gold", "Quadris", "Folpan" futhi "Mancozeb". Bahlale abakhuthele ebantwini isikhutha. Against oidium umsebenzi kahle "Vectra", "strobe", "itopazi" futhi "Ukhozi". nesikhunta lefundo zokunqanda kanye aphathe, akudingekile ukuba ukuphinda ukwelashwa izikhathi eziningana, ngoba esikhathini esifushane izidakamizwa lingena isitshalo Sizoqhubeka nokusebenza kusuka ngaphakathi isikhathi eside. Kwanele ukusingatha engadini phambi nangemva zom naphambi yokuvuthwa amajikijolo - kanye nesifo kuzodlula engadini iphathi yakho.

Nokho, entwasahlobo ka amagilebhisi Ukuvikelwa uvame eyenziwa esebenzisa contact nesikhunta. Lona abadumile Bordeaux ingxube, nesibabule, "Tiovit Jet" kanye nabanye abaningi. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa Ukwakheka qualitative amaqabunga, kodwa emva kokwelashwa imvula kumele okuphindaphindiwe. sishaye okuphindaphindayo Kwenziwa tandla emahlandla la -10 isizini ngayinye. Lezi zimali ngokuya esetshenziswa nokuvimbela lesi sifo kodwa uma lesion isivele kucace ukuthi kunesidingo esiphuthumayo ukwenza ukucutshungulwa nesikhunta letindzala.

"Syngenta": amagilebhisi kwehlelo lokuvikelwa

Ukuze balimi akudingeki - amaphutha - charting zokwelapha, siyoba kukho kungase kutholakale ukuthi kungenziwa ilandelwe ngokuphepha. Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi efihlekile ukuvuvukala, isiko kumele ukuvikela esichitha ubusika silele izibungu futhi black indawo. Inketho omkhulu kungaba "Nitrafen DNOC." okuhlushwa sayo singaba 12%. Ngokushesha ziqala ukumila mass oluhlaza, kubalulekile ukuba ukuphinda ukwelashwa. Ngenxa yalezi zinjongo, thatha Bordeaux ingxube, lapho engezwa "phosalone". Le nqubo kusiza ukuvikela indawo omnyama eutipoza futhi luyabaxosha izinambuzane ezifana cutworms futhi Skosarev-inundu. Lapho kukhona amaqabunga 4-5, ekhiqizwa enye indlela yokwelashwa, kulokhu ukuthatha nesikhunta ezifana ukuvikela amagilebhisi ngokuthi "Hometsin" futhi "PolyChim". Ukuze uvikeleke yokulwa izinambuzane, amaqabunga ke ahlukahlukene ukhetha "trichlorfon" noma "phosalone".

Ngemva izimbali, amathuba isifo fungal iqhubeka, ngakho kuzomele wenze okukodwa ngaphezulu ukucubungula nesibabule kuvela oidium, "Euparenom" ka botrytis, "Hometsinom" noma "Polihomom" kusukela isikhutha and black indawo. Futhi, ningadakwa kahle fafaza umvini ngokumelene ukulungiselela imikhaza "Rogor". Towards ekwindla imivini kahle oyindilinga isixazululo hexachlorane. Kuyinto abadume kakhulu, uma kungeyona zesistimu. Kunezinye wesifunda amagilebhisi Ukuvikelwa, ukusetshenziswa esizovumela ukukhohlwa ngenkinga ezifana nesifo umvini.

Yokubulala ukhula izivini

Utshani esivinini - ukuthi akusi inkathazo enkulu, kodwa, uma endaweni likhulu, kufanele usebenzise ipumelelo isayensi. Enye yezindlela nephephile we ukhula "Tornado". Eqeda ngokuphelele isidingo afeze Ukuhlakula ukhula. Kulokhu-ke izindlela iphephile futhi kuvunyelwe ukuze isetshenziswe ukujikeleza. Ngempumelelo, nganoma yisiphi ububanzi okushisa.

Biologicals, zinambuzane

Kuyaziwa ukuthi izinambuzane akuzona kuphela isikhunta namagciwane - izinambuzane nanesandla umonakalo imivini. Ngenxa sithunywe kulondolozwe ephelele ehlathini, odinga ukukwazi mayelana nenkampani ngokuthi "Syngenta" oveza esezingeni zinambuzane. Ikakhulukazi, singakwazi ukuhlukanisa izidakamizwa "Prokleym" - ke zivikela izinambuzane lepidopteran. Ngempumelelo yokulwa amacimbi cutworm, amabhu nezimvemvane butterfly emhlophe. Enye izidakamizwa ukuthi umenzi kuyinto "Vertimek". Uphinde odabuka yemvelo, kanye isithako liwumkhiqizo izilokazane ezincane emhlabathini.

Kuyini izidakamizwa ezithakazelisayo "Prokleym"? Yena ingena phakathi kwezicubu sitshalo Ngemizuzwana, futhi ngemva kwehora wabhubhisa phezu. It suppresses zonke Lepidoptera, kanye kwandisa imiphumela kwezinye izidakamizwa okuhloswe ekulweni thrips kanye lungwort. Kanjani ukuvikelwa lamagilebhisi? Umthelela main - wamathumbu, okungukuthi, isibungu ubamba izingcezu isitshalo, ihora stop yokudla ufe kungakapheli amahora ambalwa.

Kukhona elinye futhi iphuzu ezibalulekile. Umuthi izenzo futhi ku izibungu. Egg, okuyinto yawela phezu ithuluzi noma ngokuphelele iyama noma isibungu eshona ngemva gnaws igobolondo. "Prokleym" - umuthi ingasetshenziswa kanye, kodwa ungakwazi ukusiza ukuvikela umvini ngokuqondile izizukulwane ezintathu izinambuzane. Ngiyavuma, lena yi ezinhle! Zonke lezi amakhambi amagilebhisi eyenzelwe lula esiphezulu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo adinga eziphansi.

izinambuzane ezinamaphiko

Kukhona esinye isigaba izinambuzane, ngubani othanda ukuba adle amajikijolo amnandi. Ngesikhathi ezithelo athululwa ayo, bona zithuthelekela iminyovu, izinyosi nezinyoni. Kulokhu, inkinga enkulu kuyisivikelo lamagilebhisi ngokumelene iminyovu. Zonke ihlobo, lezi zinambuzane okuzingela thembeke ukuvikela engadini kusukela izinambuzane, uzizwa isidingo ukudla amaprotheni. Nokho, eduze ekwindla, ziba izinambuzane zangempela, ngoba ezingonakalisa eziningi amajikijolo namanzi futhi Ukulunywa ubuhlungu kungaba inkinga yangempela kulabo Site sokuvuna.

Phakathi nale nkathi, kakade engathandeki kakhulu ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali, ngoba amajikijolo alungele ukusetshenziswa, futhi wonke amakhemikhali ungahlala uginindela namanzi. Empeleni, lokhu yamagilebhisi kuyinto azizifanelekeli ukudliwa abantu. ukususwa Mechanical ngeke kusize uma kukhona uhlala ikoloni enkulu izinambuzane. Ngakho-ke, abalimi kufanele usungula izicupho ezihlukahlukene, sebenzisa intuthu amabhomu namanye amadivayisi. Lena yindlela ukuvikelwa umvini kusuka iminyovu. Kulokhu, kungcono ukuthola slot futhi ebusuku lapho kukhona ngaphakathi isifutho zinambuzane efanelekayo. isidleke engenalutho kufanele kususwe futhi ubhujiswe.

Uma ungakwazi ukuthola indawo yemvelo iminyovu, zama okungenani ukuba isicupho. Ngenxa yalesi amabhodlela epulasitiki kufanelekile, izindonga ezingasetshenziswa smear ujamu noma uju, futhi phansi uthele isixazululo insipho, lapho izinambuzane nenkani ngeke ukucwila. Uma une-ujamu ezindala, ungakwazi awathele ibhodlela, exutshwe namanzi. Washaya ikhambi okunamathelayo, iminyovu ngeke afe. Enye indlela esetshenziswa ngempumelelo yi balimi - kuyinto grid zokuzivikela, okuyinto agqoke kweqembu. Inketho efanayo uyobavikela isivuno ezinyonini.

Ukuvikela amagilebhisi amakhambi abantu

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa amagilebhisi kungaba kwenziwe ngosizo izindlela ethandwa, okungukuthi Iziphungo amakhambi ahlukahlukene. Kuyindlela ophephile ukuthi, ngokungafani izidakamizwa zamakhemikhali ingasetshenziswa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, kungakhathaliseki degree of yokuvuthwa amajikijolo. Ikhambi kufinyeleleke kakhulu kuyinto onion ikhasi. Isetshenziselwa umhluzi: uhhafu husk ebhakedeni ligcwele amanzi thumba imizuzu 20 Ngemva kwalokho, kusala ume ngosuku. Ingxube okwakwenziwa kuze umthamo owodwa ebhakedeni, wengeze umuntu isipuni uju, ukuhlunga nemivini wafutha. Ngendlela efanayo besebenzisa celandine umhluzi comfrey. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulungiswa infusions usebenzisa hay ubudala, lapho acidosis acid sengezwe. Ungasebenzisa futhi wort iSt John sika. Zonke lezi zindlela akuzona ethembeke kakhulu, ukuba usizo lwazo kufanele aphathwe ngokuvamile njengoba imvula noma amazolo ubageze benganakwa muntu. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi amacimbi nezinye izinambuzane ungenawo ngokuvamile basabela zindlela emzabalazweni, ngakho ukuchitha kubo isikhathi nomzamo, kulula kakhulu ukuthenga imithi yesimanje. Lokhu kuqinisekisa imiphumela emihle kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane, ukuba okufanayo angithi ebiza kakhulu.

Efingqa, ngifuna uqaphele ukuthi lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela amagilebhisi kusuka nezilokazane izinambuzane liyadingeka uma ufuna njalo isivuno esihle. Yeqa ukwelashwa, ngaso sonke isikhathi uma ingozi, futhi eqinisweni ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa yesimanje, nesikhunta ngeke kuthathe isikhathi esiningi. Yebo, ukunakekela umvini zabasebenzi, kodwa ke isivuno kuyoba kuhle. Futhi-ke, kunengqondo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umphumela lwemishikashika yakho kwaba kweliphezulu.