Ukutshala okuqondile kwama-strawberries epayipi. Indlela yokwenza ipayipuni yokutshala sitrobheli?

Ama-strawberries angomunye walezo zitshalo, ngoba ukulima okuyi-classical version akusetshenziswanga isikhala somhlaba. Wonke ama-horticulturist uyazi ukuthi ukufika ngendlela evamile ukuya emhlabathini kuthatha indawo enkulu kakhulu, kanti isivuno esingasetshenziswa kusuka kule sayithi akukhulu. Ngakho-ke ukutshala ama-strawberries epayipi kuhloswe ukwandisa isivuno esivela emitha yemitha.

I-Strawberry ebonakalayo ikhula

Ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo nezakhi eziqondile zokutshala ama-strawberries kuyindlela ewusizo yokugcina umhlaba. Ukuze uhlele imibhede yemifino eqondile nemibhede, ungasebenzisa imiklamo ehlukahlukene ekhona yokudayiswa, noma uzenze wena. Enye yezinketho, okuyinto entsha esetshenziswayo, ukutshala ngokuqondile ama-strawberries epayipi le-PVC elenzelwe ukufakwa kwamanzi okuthuthwa kwamanzi. Ukutshala ama-strawberries epayipi kakade kuyindlela eqinisekisiwe futhi enokwethenjelwa, enconywa ngabalimi abahola phambili.

Izinto zokukhiqiza

Ukwenza umbhede wembali oqondile oyodinga:

• Izingxenye zamapayipi e-PVC obubanzi obubanzi.
• Umshini wokugesi, umbhobho wokuvuleka okubanzi noma umgodi ojwayelekile.
• Xhuma ipayipi.
• Ipayipi e-Narrow PVC, esetshenziselwa ukunikeza amanzi ezimpandeni zezitshalo.
• Scotch.
• Ummese kanye nesikhwama.
• Ukuthengwa kwegesi, ngepayipi yokuphuza yokudonsa.
• I-twine noma i-twine.
• Ingxube yomhlabathi.
• Ibanga noma udaka olwandisiwe.
• Izithombo zika Strawberry.
• Fasteners.

Indlela yokwenza ipayipi yokutshala sitrobheli

Uma unquma ukutshala ama-strawberry emibhedeni emiqondile-amapayipi, thola ukuphakama kwawo. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ulinganise ubude bombhobho bese uyinqamula ngokufaka i-plug kusuka ohlangothini olulodwa. Emgodini omncane owenzelwe ukugcoba inhlabathi, izimbobo ezincane zigoqwe zibe yizingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zendawo yonke. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi afika ikakhulukazi engxenyeni engenhla yembhedeni yembali eqondile. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi izitshalo ezingezansi azigcini kakhulu, futhi abaphezulu bathola amanzi anele, ithubhu ihlanganiswe ngendwangu yesaka futhi iboshwe nge-string noma twine. Lokhu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpande ze-strawberries azingena ngaphakathi kwiphubhu futhi aziphazamisi uhlelo lwamanzi. Ipulagi efakwe ekugcineni okuphansi kwebhulethi futhi ihlanganiswe ne-tape yokunamathisela. Uhlangothi olungezansi luhlangothini lapho kungekho khona izimbobo.

Emgodini omkhulu, kubalulekile ukwenza umbhobho omkhulu emgodini, noma ukugcoba umcibisholo wabo obuncane bese uwasika ngomese. Lezi zimbobo zikhona ikakhulukazi ezinhlangothini ezizobhekana nokukhanya. Ohlangothini oluzobe luphendukele enyakatho, ngeke ludingeke. Izimbobo zokugcina zenziwa okungenani amasentimitha angu-20 ukusuka emhlabathini. I-tube encane yokunisela ifakwa ngaphakathi kwipayipi enkulu ebanzi futhi ifakwe kuyo nganoma iyiphi indlela elula. Amapayipi afakwa endaweni ehlala njalo, ephendulela imigodi engxenyeni elangeni, futhi evikelekile ngezigqoko noma ezinye izinsimbi ezifinyelelekayo.

Umhlaba

Ukutshala ama-strawberries epayipi kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwesitolo esenziwe ngomumo emhlabeni wonke noma ukuvuna okuzimele. Ngenxa yalokhu, kubalulekile ukuxuba izingxenye ezijwayelekile ezweni elivamile legadi, peat, turf. I-Sand kanye ne-sawdust zengezwa ukubonakala komoya kwenhlabathi. Futhi, engxenyeni elungiselelwe ye-strawberries ekhulayo, kubalulekile ukwengeza umlotha ukuvimbela ukubola, ngoba isitibhisi sinomshini ongokwenyama, kodwa obuncane.

Ngokutshala ama-strawberries, izwe lapho iminyaka engama-2-3 eyedlule ikhule khona izitshalo ezifana nama-strawberries, ama-raspberries, utamatisi noma amazambane ngeke akwenze. Lokhu kunomthelela ekudlulisweni kwezifo ezitholakala kulezi zitshalo. Futhi engxenyeni yomhlabathi inganezelwa ama-humus noma umquba ngamanani amancane. Amapayipi ayisentimitha angu-10 ngezansi agcwele amagugu amakhulu nanoma iyiphi enye into efanelekayo ukudala amanzi amanzi. Kusukela phezulu ligcwele futhi ingxube yomhlabathi iyancipha kancane kakhulu.

Ukutshala ama-strawberry emipayipi

Emigodini ephansi yezitshalo zebhubhu zibekiwe, njengama marigolds noma marigolds. Lezi zimbali zihamba kahle kakhulu ezinambuzane, zingavumeli ukuba zithole izitshalo ze-sitrobheli. Uma izinhlobo zitshala, ezihlakaza ngokukhipha izintuthwane, izitshalo zingatshalaliswa emthonjeni owodwa, ukuze ziqhubekele ukuthwala izintambo emigodini yamahhala lapho zizogxila khona. Ukutshala okuqondile kwama-strawberries epayipheni kufaka ukubeka ngokucophelela kwezitshalo endaweni engavamile kubo. Ungakwazi ukugcwalisa phambili ipayipi ngenhlabathi bese wenza okuncane ukuba uhlanganyele ekutshaleni izithombo noma ukubeka izitshalo ngezigaba, uzihlanganise nomhlaba.

Yilokho ukutshala i-sitrobheli kubonakala njengethubhu (isithombe ngezansi).

Ukunakekela ama-strawberry emipayipi

Kuyinto elula futhi ehlukile kancane kokuvamile lapho ukhula isitshalo emhlabathini. Lokhu ukuchelela okufika ngesikhathi, ukondla ngezikhathi ezithile nokuvimbela izifo. Amanzi anikezwa ithubhu yokunisela. Ukuze kube lula, ekugcineni kwalo, ukuphakama ngaphezu kombhede, ungafaka i-caning yokunisela ngekhanda elibanzi. Ithebhu igcwele ngokuphelele phezulu. Kancane kancane ihambisa amanzi ngomgwaqo oqhekekile futhi uhlanganiswe emhlabathini. Njengoba unemithombo emihle, awukwazi ukukhathazeka nge-bay of izitshalo. Kulula ukunquma isimo somhlabathi, ngenxa yalokhu, udinga nje ukuzizwa ngeminwe yakho emigodini lapho usitshalobhisi etshalwe khona. Ayinakubekezelela ukumile emhlabathini, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqhutshwe njalo.

Ukugqoka okwedlula ama-strawberries kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kanye nezimbali. Uma isikhathi sokuqala se-fruiting siqala, ukunceliswa kumisiwe. Okuphumelela kakhulu ukubuyiswa kwe-microliments foliar. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ingxube ye-boric acid, i- zinc sulphate, i-nitrate yama-cobalt kanye ne-manganese sulphate. Ukulungisa isixazululo, lezi zinto zithathwa ngokulinganisela okulinganayo futhi zixubene namanzi ngesamba esingu-0.025%. Njengomuthi we-umanyolo usebenzise umanyolo jikelele, kanye nezixazululo ze-mullein noma i-bird litters.

Uma i-strawberry itshalwe emipayipi, ukubusika ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo kuhluke kancane emhlabathini. Kodwa-ke, inzuzo yalolu buchwepheshe ukuthi lezi zibhebhe zingase zihlanganiswe ngezinto ezilungisiwe noma zingeniswe ekamelweni elifakiwe.

Izinhlobo zokutshala ngokuqondile

Ukutshala ama-strawberries emipayipi kuhilela ukutholakala kwezinhlobo eziphezulu ezinikezelayo, ukulwa nezifo eziningi ezitshalo nezilokazane. Izinsuku zokuvuthwa azibalulekile, ngoba amapayipi angasetshenziswa kalula kuphela emoyeni ovulekile, kodwa nasezikhungweni zokugcina izithombo noma zokugcina izithombo. Okubaluleke kakhulu kubhekwa njengezinhlobo ezinjalo: "Igromegranate", "Zagorje", "Roxana", "Early Maherauha", Desnyanka, "Pavlovchanka." Futhi nemikhiqizo yangaphandle: iGigantella, Bogotá, iKhadikhadi, i-Troubadour.

Ukulawula izinambuzane nezifo

Inkathazo ejwayelekile kunazo zonke izitshalo ze-sitrobheli yikhiqiza elibonakalayo elimnyama elilimaza amaqabunga. Kulula ukubona, ngoba uma kubonakala, amaqabunga e-sitrobheli aphikisana futhi aphuzi, futhi amajikijolo asehlathini angabi nakancane. Ukuze ulwisane nalo, ukuchithwa nge-carbophos kuyasetshenziswa. Ngenxa yalokhu, isisombululo silungisiwe: ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi, izipuni ezintathu ze-carbophos. Le ndlela yokwelashwa ibuye iqede izinambuzane ezinjalo njenge-weevil, i-strawberry beetle ne-whitefly.

Futhi kwi-sitrobheli ngokuvamile ihlasela i- beetle ye-Colorado namaqabunga e-beetle ye-May, okumelwe isuswe esitshalweni. Kuyinto engathandeki ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali njengendlela yokulawula lezi zinambuzane, njengoba zihlala isikhathi eside futhi zingafaneleki ama-strawberries, okuvuthwa masinyane.

Izinambuzane ze-strawberries zingaba slugs, centipedes, izinkukhu. Ngokuvamile, zihlala ezitshalweni nge-waterlogging inhlabathi. Ukulwa nabo ngosizo lomuthi "Metaldehyde." Kuyinto powder granular engadingi ukuhlakazwa emanzini. Ama-granules ayo asakazwa emhlabathini.

Ukutshala ama-strawberries epayipi sekuyisikhathi eside kusungula njengendlela enengqondo yokusebenzisa indawo ewusizo nokuthola isivuno esikhulu kusuka emitha ngayinye yesikwele. Le ndlela ishibhile futhi ingabizi ngisho nasensimu yokulima.