Ukusetshenziswa komunci wesiNgisi. Kungenzeka yini ukuba ufunde lokhu?

Poring phezu nemithetho yohlelo lolimi English, ungathola impendulo elivame ukuqondwa ngayo ngu-ATIKILI ngaphansi ingxenye esemthethweni kwenkulumo, angasetshenziswa kuphela nemabito.

Kulesi ulimi, kunezindlela ezintathu izinhlobo izihloko: ocacile (yaziwa njenge), engaqinisekile (emelelwa amafomu amabili / i) kanye no-zero, kusho ukungabakhathaleli nhlobo futhi linesisekelo esifanele lokhu tenkhulumo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-athikili ngolimi lwesiNgisi ingase ixhomeke ezicini eziningana concomitant. Okokuqala, uhlobo ibizo, okwesibili, umongo, futhi okwesithathu, akufanele sikhohlwe mayelana okungakhulunywanga ethize ukuze ulimi.

Imithetho jikelele for ukusetshenziswa komunci wesiNgisi

Lesi sihloko, mangisho, ngempela okukhulu kunzima ukukhumbula, kodwa hhayi ukuba aphanjaniswe sikhethe kusukela ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, Ngingaluleka ukuqhubeka kanje:

• Icacisa ukuthi amagama ibizo, ebheka isihloko oyifunayo, isihloko sisonke, hhayi egqamisa ke ochungechungeni efanayo noma namanje kukhomba lento ethile.

Ngokwesibonelo:

Ngathenga incwadi kakhulu izolo. - Ngathenga incwadi kakhulu izolo. (Isiphakamiso ehloselwe ukuthi ukuthengwa isanda kusuka incwadi, hhayi notebook, hhayi umagazini, alikho iphephandaba, okungukuthi, izincwadi).

Incwadi Ngathenga izolo Kuyathakazelisa ngempela. - Incwadi, okuyinto Ngathenga izolo, ezithakazelisayo ngempela. (Lapha igama elithi "incwadi" bucaciswe, futhi thina njengezidalwa abafundi bazi kahle ukuthi yini uhlobo ncwadi okukhulunywa ngaso kulesi umusho).

• Batfola kutsi ngabe Ibizo kungokwalabo esigabeni ka letibalekako noma akunakubalwa.

Ngokwesibonelo: incwadi (ibhuku), uhambo (uhambo uhambo), umngane womshado (umngane) - quantifiable;

ifenisha (ifenisha), ubungani (ubungani), ezempilo (Health), uthando (uthando) - akunakubalwa.

• Ukubona ukuma zebizo olulodwa noma ubuningi;

Ngokwesibonelo: incwadi - incwadi (izwi sisebunyeni), amabhuku - amabhuku (ubuningi).

Ukusetshenziswa komunci wesiNgisi. umunci ongacacile

Omunye khetho we umunci ongacacile "a" noma u- "an" asetshenziswa uma kwenzeka ukuthi:

• into noma umuntu, okuzoxoxwa kamuva, kuyakhulunywa kulo mongo, ngokokuqala;
• nge Ibizo letibalekako, isetshenziswa sisebunyeni, imali emva ekhethekile kukhona (kunoma iyiphi ifomethi yesikhathi). Kuyinto le nhlanganisela amazwi futsi bangene embhalweni into ezazingaziwa;
• phambi ibizo-yekwenta, kanjalo kokubalula ibizo ngaphasi komhlobo efanayo. Ngokwesibonelo: Kiev kuyinto idolobha elinabantu bezizwe ezihlukahlukene. - Kiev - ingumuzi yobuhlanga;
• ngemva nje kwamazwi lokho (ngemisho yisibabazo), ezifana, ngempela, kunalokho. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi kuleli cala zebizo kufanele kube buningi ukuba letibalekako. Ngokwesibonelo: umakhelwane wami ngempela ingane. - umakhelwane wami namanje nje ingane;
• kwesinye isikhathi azigcina translation yayo yasekuqaleni "omunye";
• lisho "zonke", "noma iyiphi".
• e imishwana ukuhamba - ukuhamba, be njalo phuthuma - shesha, isikhathi eside - isikhathi eside, bheka - bheka.

3. Ukusetshenziswa komunci wesiNgisi. eliwumunci

"Lo" lisetshenziswa ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• uma kwenzeka ukuthi kokubili sikhulumi isilaleli bazi noma iyiphi into, umuntu noma umqondo okukhulunywa;
• Lichaza zonke amalungu omkhaya othile. Ngokwesibonelo: i Ivanovs - Ivanov;
• ngeziqu noma amaqembu ezizwe. Ngokwesibonelo: uhulumeni - Governor, Ukraine - Ukraine;
• namazwe abamagama abazalwa ubuningi. Ngokwesibonelo: USA - United States, i-OAE - United Arab Emirates;
• amaqembu elinezintaba, izintaba, iziqhingi amachibi. Ngokwesibonelo: the Carpathians - ZaseCarpathos, Great Lakes - Lakeland;
• eyingqayizivele imiqondo yayo hlobo, futhi lokhu ubunjalo ungaboniswa lilonke (isib, iNyanga - Moon satellite), kanye ngaphakathi, yithi, ihhovisi esithile noma isikhungo sakho semfundo (isibonelo: i-Umphathi - onguMphathi, isiKhulu Manager - Chief umphathi);
• nge amagama ehlane, izilwandle, imifula, izilwandle, nemisele. Ngokwesibonelo: iDanube - iDanube River, e-Atlantic Ocean - Atlantic Ocean, eMediterranean - oLwandle iMediterranean, iPanama Canal - iPanama Canal;
• izakhiwo owaziwa, amagama imikhumbi futhi zoo. Ngokwesibonelo: Titanic - «Titanic», le iziNdlu zePhalamende - IPhalamende Buildings, San Diego Zoo - Zoo e-San Diego;
• ngesikhathi kukhulunywa ngezimpi amagama amaphephandaba kanye izincwadi zomlando. Ngokwesibonelo: neMpi YaseCrimea - neMpi YaseCrimea, Times - «iphephandaba iThe Times, uMthethosisekelo - uMthethosisekelo.

Ukusetshenziswa komunci wesiNgisi. zero sihloko

Njengoba ojwayelekile, sihloko phambi emabito we ulimi kumele kusetshenziswe. Amacala lapho uwe, awatholatholakali futhi kufanele ngokucophelela nyama.

Ngakho, ngesiNgisi, isihloko alikho kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• phambi amagama. Ngokwesibonelo, uSophia Rotaru - Sofia rotary;
• kuhlanganiswe isihloko + igama. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Queen Elizabeth - koroleva Elizaveta;
• phambi amagama amabhishi, amadolobha, izifundazwe, amazwe futhi amazwekazi. Ngokwesibonelo: Kiev - Kiev, Ohio - Ohio US, Mexico - eMexico, eNingizimu naseNyakatho Melika -kontinenty amazwekazi aseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika;
• ne ngokwehlukana ibekwe ezintabeni, iziqhingi nasemachibini amaningi. Ngokwesibonelo, Everest - Mount Everest;
• ngesikhathi kukhulunywa amaplanethi nemilaza. Ngokwesibonelo: Venus - iplanethi Venus, Mars - iplanethi i-Mars,
• nge ezitaladini, boulevards namapaki. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Wall Street, Madison Avenue, Hyde Park;
• ngezilimi futhi isifo. Ngokwesibonelo, Chinese - Chinese;
• omagazini anamagama izifundo esikoleni. Ngokwesibonelo: Umlando - Umlando, Math - Mathematics.

Njengoba ubona, ukusetshenziswa ngokufanele izihloko ngolimi lwesiNgisi akuxhomekile ikhono umuntu izilimi. Lokhu kufana poro umthetho ukuthi ungayiqondi efanayo futhi bayasiqaphela isidingo ukuba sinezele ngekhanda. Futhi kuphela ngokupha le nqubo isamba elanele isikhathi, ungakwazi ekugcineni ufunde indlela yokusebenzisa womathathu isihloko ngesiNgisi: definition, nanini futhi zero.