Ukulungisa i-clutch KamAZ: imiyalo, izesekeli

NgoFebruwari 1967, izimoto zokuqala ze-KamAZ zavela emhlanganweni wesigodi se-Kama Automobile Plant. Izimpawu zomsakazo omusha zanikele ekuthuthukiseni ububanzi bemodeli. Kamuva, ngokusekelwe kulo moto, ukuguqulwa okuningi kohlobo olunezici ezihlukahlukene kwadalwa. Ngakho-ke, ekukhanyeni kwaphuma amatekisi amaloli, amaloli okulahla, amaloli akhululwe ngamabhodi. Zonke izinhlobo zezimoto zomndeni zazifana nokuklanywa, futhi izingxenye eziningi nezinqubo zaziguquguqukayo.

Okuqukethwe kwephakheji

Ukulungiswa jikelele kweKamAZ kuhambelana nawo wonke amaloli walezo zikhathi. Ikhebhu elincane elinezihlalo ezintathu litholakala ngokuqondile ngaphezu kwesitshalo samandla. Ukuze ufinyelele ku-motor, i-cab ikhiphe phambili ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuhlushwa.

Ibhokisi legiar, i- clutch element ne-injini yakha i-unit power unit, etholakala ngaphambili, ezisekela ngemuva nezesekela.

Ngokuthuthukiswa kwembonini yezimoto, imoto ye-KamAZ nayo yayisimanje, izici ezakhula kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha.

Imoto yayishintsha kokubili ngokubukeka, futhi ngokwemishini yezobuchwepheshe.

Ukuthutha. Ulwazi jikelele

Eloli kunomshini we-disk clutch mechanism ne-radial arrangements yamithombo. Ukukhishwa kwama-clutch ngenxa yokushayela kwe-hydraulic nge-booster ye-pneumatic. I-injini isebenza ngokulandelana ngebhobho legijimi eliyisihlanu, nehlukanisi lokulawula kwe-pneumomechanical. Ukudluliselwa kusuka kwesibini ukuya kweyesihlanu kunezivumelanisi zokushintsha ngokushelela. Ukudluliswa kwe-torque kusuka esitsheni samandla kuya emotweni kwenziwa ngezimpawu ezimbili zamakhadi.

Ukuhlelwa kohlelo lokuhlanganisa

Ukuze ukufakwa okuzenzekelayo kwe-disk drive emaphakathi endaweni yokungathathi hlangothi ngesikhathi lapho i-clutch ivaliwe, kukhona idivayisi ekhethekile engadingi ukulungiswa ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Izici zesakhiwo se-casing kusiza ukulungisa iziphethu zokukhululwa. I- plutch plate ye- KamAZ ibamba ibhekene nokugxila okushisa okushisa, nokuphila isikhathi eside. I-pedal release pedal ine-bracket yokumiswa, okubangela ukuqina okungeziwe kwe-cockpit. Esikhathini sokunamathiselwa kwe-pedal kukhona ama-metal-plastiki ahlathini, angadingi ukugcoba okwengeziwe.

Kukhona i-clutch yemoto esuka ku-crankcase, i-disc yokucindezela nge-casing encane, ukukhishwa kwamanzi namachibi, ama-discs amabili aqhutshwayo kanye nokushayela ngaphandle.

Ibhasikidi le- KamAZ libheke kwi-flywheel ngezikhonkwane eziphakanyisiwe futhi ziboshwe.

Ukuhola, ukucindezela kanye nama diski angathathi hlangothi anezibambo ezine ezingena emigqumeni ehamba ngezinyawo, ezithumela i-torque ukusuka emotweni kuya endizeni yokuxhumana yezinto eziqhutshwayo ezifakwe ezitepheni zebhokisi lebhokisi.

Imithombo yamanzi ifakwa phakathi kwezindlu zensimbi bese ucindezela i-disk. Benza nge-disc ephakathi kanye nezingxenye eziqhutshwayo, ngaleyo ndlela zibopha phakathi kwe-flywheel kanye nendlela yokucindezela.

I-element ye-levers, iphakanyiswe ku-disc yangaphakathi kanye ne-drive, ibabeka endaweni yokungathathi hlangothi ngesikhathi lapho i-clutch ingenayo.

Indlela yokuvala

Isici sinezingalo zokucindezela (izingodo) ezisendaweni yokucindezela, i-fork-turn off, egijimini emgodini, endlini yokubamba. Ukubambisana kokuhlehlisa ukuxhunyaniswa nokubhekwa okuqhubekayo kohlobo oluphikisanayo.

I-Actuator

Izingxenye: ukuhamba kwe-drive, i- cylinder yensimbi ye- KamAZ, i-tank ene-liquid, i-amplifier ye-pneumohydraulic, ama-tubes okuhambisa amanzi kusukela kusilindela kuya ku-amplifier futhi inikeza umoya ku-amplifier avela ku-pneumatics.

Umthamo womthombo wamanzi u-380 cm3. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukushintshwa ketshezi kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi ebandayo, njengoba ubukhulu bayo bushintsha ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi kulahlekelwa izindawo zayo.

I-amplifier yokushayela yenzelwe ukunciphisa umzamo wokuzikhandla lapho ikhasimende licindezelekile. Ifakwe efenjini lezindlu zokubamba, ngakwesokudla kwesunithi yamandla.

Inqubo yokulungiswa kokuhlanganiswa

Ukulungiswa kokuhlanganiswa kweKamAZ kuqhutshwa ngezigaba eziningana, ngokulandela ngokugcwele umyalelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi nezinsimbi zokulinganisa:

• Ukufakwa kwezikhala phakathi kokukhipha i-disc namakholamu wokufakela ama-paws.
• Lungisa umshini wokudayela wamahhala.
• Ukulungiswa kwe-drive ye-clutch.
• Ukulungiswa kokulungiswa kwe-pusher ye-amplifier.

Ukwakhiwa kwe-KAMAZ futhi, ikakhulukazi, ukubamba ukulungiswa kwemithetho, njengombuso, kwenziwa lapho kusetshenziselwa khona ezinye izingxenye ezithile ezonakalisiwe nezingaphelele. Noma emva kokufaka yonke indlela enjini. Ukuqinisekisa isenzo sokuvumelanisa kwamathebhu okukhululwa kanye nesimo sabo sokumisa esilungile esiphathelene ne-plate pressure, kubalulekile ukuhlola isikhundla se-stop ring of the tabs.

Isimiso esihle phakathi kwe-stop ring kanye namakhamera wezinyawo zokucindezela kufanele kudlule isigamu semilimitha. Uma igebe lingekho noma lidlula isimiso, hlela izinyawo zokucindezela usebenzisa izintuthwane zokulungisa.

Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, ukulungiswa kokuhlanganiswa kweKamAZ kuqhutshwa ngezigaba eziningana: ukuhlola ibanga eliphakathi kwe-piston ye-cylinder yokusebenza ne-pusher, ukubeka ukunyakaza okungenalutho kwe-clutch release lever.

Ukuvulwa phakathi kwe-piston ye-cylinder kanye ne-pusher kusungulwa nge-screwric screw exhuma ukudonsa ku-pusher, ngesikhathi lapho i-pedal isesikhundleni sayo sokuqala. Uma uguqula i-screw, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi ukuhamba kwe-pedal kusuka ekumisekeni kuze kufike isikhathi sokuxhumana phakathi kwe-pusher ne-piston ngamamitha ayi-6-12.

Ukusebenzisa umcengezi ophethwe ekugcineni kwenduku, ukuhamba kwamahhala kwe-clutch lever kufanele kulungiswe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kukhishwa ikhanda lokulawula futhi, isivele ijikeleza izitshalo ezisezingeni elilodwa, ilungise ibanga eliphakathi kwe-stem stop kanye ne-lever ngobukhulu buka-3.1-4.7 mm.

Ngemuva kokufeza lezi zindlela zokulungisa, ukunyakaza okuphelele kwamahhala kufanele kube ngu-30-42 mm. Futhi uma imvume ku-clutch drive isethelwe kahle, ukuhamba kwe-amplifier stem akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-24 mm. Ngezinga eliphansi, uhlelo aluvuli ngokuphelele.

Ukuhlola indlela yokusebenza

Ngemuva kokuqeda lo msebenzi wokulungisa, kubalulekile ukuhlola ukusebenza komshini wonke nge injini esebenzayo. Uma ukulungiswa kwebhande likaKamAZ kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, amagiya azoshintshwa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwesici endaweni ebhokisini futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Ngesikhathi sokuqala kwenhlangano, imoto izothuthela endaweni yayo ngaphandle kwama-jerks, futhi ukushintshela kwamagesi aphezulu nakancane kuzoba mnene.

Kodwa-ke, uma ukulungiswa kweKamAZ kuwuphawu olubi, khona-ke kukhona ithuba lokushiya i-clutch, okuyikhubaza ngokushesha ukuhlanganiswa kwama-discs kanye ne-squeeze bearing. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthunyelwa kunzima ukushintshela kuze kube yilapho singakwazi ukufinyelela.

Izici zenqubo

Ukulungiswa kokuhlanganiswa kweKamAZ kwenziwa emgqeni okhethekile wezobuchwepheshe wokugcinwa kwemishini ngokusebenza kwemishini ekhethekile. Kuphela kule nkinga kungenzeka ukufezekisa isiqinisekiso esikhulu sokusebenza kwe-clutch.