Ukuhweba kuyisici esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa komnotho kwamazwe ahamba phambili emhlabeni

Emashumini eminyaka edlule bazihlukanisile ngenqubo ebalulekile yokuhlanganiswa kwamazwe ngamazwe emkhakheni wezomnotho. Imisebenzi yomhlaba ibonisa ukuthi izindlela eziphumelelayo kakhulu zokukhuthaza ucwaningo nentuthuko (R & D) yizobudlelwane bezohwebo ezizuzisayo phakathi kwabo bonke abahlanganyeli ekuguqulweni komphumela wesenzo sesayensi zibe yimpahla. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi ukuhweba. Kuyo, bonke abathintekayo kule nqubo, kusukela kunjiniyela kuya kubalimi-zimali, banesithakazelo sezomnotho ekuphumeleleni okusheshayo kokuphumelela ekusetshenzisweni kwentuthuko entsha (ukuze kube nomphumela omuhle kunconywa ukuthi ufake izicelo zesevisi yokuthengisa).

Kuyini lokhu ngomqondo wanamuhla?

Ukuhweba ukwakhiwa kwebhizinisi elisekelwe emiphumeleni yocwaningo lwezesayensi nezobuchwepheshe, futhi lapho abalobi bentuthuko bavame ukubamba iqhaza. Okuyinhloko yenkambiso yakha ibhizinisi elizokwenza ubudlelwane obuhle bezezimali. Ngokuvamile bakholelwa ukuthi ukuhweba kuyinkqubo yokuphenya nokuheha izimali zokuqhubeka komsebenzi wocwaningo.

Inqubo yokuthengiswa idinga ingxenye eyimpoqo yempendulo. Ungathola umphumela wezomnotho kusuka ekuthuthukiseni kwesayensi kuphela uma ukwandisa ukuncintisana komuntu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa umthengi wokugcina wokusebenza okunjalo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela akhulise inzuzo hhayi kuphela eyakhe, kodwa nangomthengisi.

Ukuhweba ubuchwepheshe

Lobu buhlobo obuzuzisayo phakathi kwabo bonke abahlanganyeli abathintekayo ekwakheni umkhiqizo wemakethe kusuka ezintweni zempahla yengqondo (IP) ngenzuzo. Emazweni amaningana athuthukile, ukuthengiswa kobuchwepheshe kuyisisekelo sokuncintisana ekuqondeni kwawo jikelele. Lezi zizwe zenza yonke imizamo yokuthuthukisa ulwazi nemisha.

Amafomu alungisa ukuthengiswa kwempahla yengqondo ahlanganisa izivumelwano zokulayisensi zokusebenzisa amaphepha obuchwepheshe , imvume yokusebenzisa ulwazi, izinkontileka, kanye nezinkontileka ezingaphansi kwe-R & D, izivumelwano zokutshala izimali, ezibhaliswe yiSikhungo Sokuhweba Kwezobuchwepheshe.

Ukuhweba kwemakethe emisha

Lesi esinye sezimo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni umkhakha wezomnotho omusha wemisebenzi yesintu sonke. Ukusetshenziswa kokumaketha okusha kuyisici esibalulekile sokuhweba, okwenza kubalulekile ukutadisha. Yindlela entsha yokuthuthukiswa ekugcineni kuyoba indlela yokuphuma kwenkinga, lapho umnotho wezwe uhileleka khona. Okokuqala, uhulumeni, isayensi, ukuncintisana, kanye nochwepheshe emkhakheni wokukhangisa okusha, banomthwalo wokuxazulula le nkinga.

Ukuhweba akuyona nje umsebenzi ohlose ukuthuthukisa nokukhuthaza imikhiqizo emisha emakethe yomhlaba, kodwa futhi ngenxa yezenzo ezifanayo ngokukhangisa izindlela ezintsha ezenzelwe ukuhlela umsebenzi wemakethe ngendlela efanele.

Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa ukuthi lo mklamo umkhiqizo omusha, futhi izinyathelo ezintsha ezitholakala ngabathengi. Ngakho-ke, izinto zokukhiqiza kufanele zibe yizidingo ezimakethe zomhlaba, bese abatshalizimali kanye nomsunguli bazothola izinzuzo ezilindelekile. Ukuhweba akusilo esikhundleni somqondo wokumaketha, kungumdwebo womsebenzi wokuthengisa omusha, ngoba uhlobene nokubunjwa kwemakethe, ukuguqulwa kwawo, ukuphathwa komjikelezo wokuphila komkhiqizo, umkhiqizo noma inkampani.

Izinhloso eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa kwempahla yengqondo

Kunezinhloso ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Ukuthekelisa (ukudayiswa) kobuchwepheshe njengenhloso yokugcina ilungelo lobunikazi;
• Thengisa (ukuthekelisa) kokukhiqiza kwakho.

Njengendlela eyinhloko yokwenza ubuciko bokugunyaza, singakwazi ukuqaphela lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukusebenza komnotho ;
• Izici zobuchwepheshe bezinto;
• Ukutholakala kwesidingo kanye nemakethe;
• Yazi kanjani;
• Ukubaluleka kokusungulwa kwezesayensi nobuchwepheshe;
• Ukwandiswa kokuncintisana.

Kuze kube manje, inkinga yokuthuthukisa izindlela zokuthengiswa ingenye yezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuthuthukiswa komnotho.