Ukuhlobana noveli "Inhliziyo ka Inja." Kungakhathaliseki yesimanje M. A. Bulgakov?

Umbuzo izihloko sihloko ngokuyinhloko bokukhuluma. Bulgakov wabhala mayelana nezinkinga phakade ezweni isiRashiya, hhayi kuphela Russian. Kodwa ngeke sizama ukuthola ngokuqondile le ndaba, sokunquma ukuhlobana noveli "Inhliziyo ka Inja", futhi uchaze ukuthi kungani lo msebenzi akuwona kuphela okuphakade, kodwa futhi ihlelwe ngokulandelana kwezihloko.

Ukuphazamiseka endaweni efanayo lapho kwaba iminyaka engu-100 edlule

Isisho kunazo owaziwa (lesisho) kwemisebenzi M. A. Bulgakova "Ukuchitha akuyona ekamelweni, futhi amakhanda abo," uhlala beqiniso nanamuhla. Indaba wakhululwa ngo-1925, cishe 100 edlule cishe. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ayikho neyodwa into ishintshile. Yebo, abantu baqala ukukhuluma on Pop, zokuxhumana isibe ngokushesha. Izwe isibe encane kakhulu ngenxa kwi-Inthanethi, kodwa abantu Russian ayishintshanga kangako.

Konke lokhu kwenza ukuhlobana noveli "Inhliziyo ka Inja" ukwamukeleka ngaphandle kokungatshazwa.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi okumunyu alivume, kodwa manje kukhona kubantu ujike yokungena ongaziwa (futhi ngezinye izikhathi zakhe) endaweni yangasese yomphakathi, futhi sibachazela ukuthi akukuhle, ayikho indlela, ngoba abazali bazo babo abafundisekile kahle.

iconsi sekukonke emfundweni namasiko (hhayi kuphela ukuhlakanipha kwakho, kodwa futhi yasekhaya) futhi akusho engeza nethemba. Izingane zikhula ngezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kokuqonda imithetho eyisisekelo ukufaneleka. Kodwa esizukulwaneni esisha okufanele asolwe kakhulu. Uma abazali sifake kuzo ngokuthi 'zinhle futhi esikhanyayo, "banayo imali, kodwa namuhla" nannies "eziyinhloko TV nakuyi-Internet. Kusobala ukuthi lapha asinakulindela lutho oluhle. Lokhu kuphakamisa "ukuntengantenga kwezomnotho ezingqondweni." Enye impendulo obuhlungu mbuzo ongadinge mpendulo mayelana ukuhlobana noveli "Inhliziyo ka Inja."

Ihlelo lika-"The Artist" njengoba uphawu oyinhloko sifo isikhathi

Generation, wakhulela ku "Muz-TV" MTV, liye landa, siqiniseka ukuthi ukuba umculi, dancer, umculi - "kukuhle", kanye nazo zonke ezinye umsebenzi - "lokhu encela." ifomula Soviet: "Zonke ubuchwepheshe ibalulekile, umsebenti kudingeka" - latshona la mavangeli. Ngamanye amazwi, Kwathi isikhathi eziyinqaba lapho wonke umuntu efuna nje fun nekujabulisa - "ngoma", esikhundleni sabasebenzi. Abantu bakholelwa ukuthi izwe sikhulu ngokwanele, futhi, yilo logic, qiniseka ukuthola umuntu usazoba ukusebenza ngenxa imbangela evamile emkhakheni akuhlobene lokusungula. Ngamanye amazwi. "Omunye ngingenzi"

Hhayi mayelana nokuthi isimo esinjalo izinto wathi F. F. Preobrazhensky? Umfundi namanje uke azibuze umbuzo mayelana ukuhlobana noveli "Inhliziyo ka Inja"?

Akukho lutho olubi ngalokho, ukunikeza ithuba le "abafana abavamile futhi amantombazane" ukuba singangeni ngenkani Olympus zokudala. Kodwa ngandlela-thile kubonakala ukuthi ithalente langempela - into lengatfolakali, nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinsimbi ngokoqobo kubonisa efana bagunyaze okuthuleyo, ngaleyo ndlela ukhulisa isizukulwane individualists futhi egoists abangafuni obakhathalelayo lizwe, ayathanda kuphela umnotho womuntu siqu. Kungenye into lapho abantu aphumelele, kodwa kuhlukile uma nje chaza mass Imininingwane. Yiqiniso, ngemva kombukiso ukucula ku-TV zokudlela - hhayi ethula izimoto, kodwa iphuzu lapha liwukuthi akukho ngisho nesenti.

Lokhu futhi ngandlela-thile uthi FF Preobrazhensky: indoda Russian uhlushwa yokuthi empeleni bakhe nomphakathi (Ngakho-ke, ukuphila) akwenzi ingqondo, kodwa lazy kakhulu ukwakha ngokwakho, kulula ukuchamela e eminyango kanye ukweba galoshes (noma ukuphila wonke ukubheka ngokwakho). Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ngeshwa, kuncane kabi ishintshile, it ususa umbuzo mayelana ukuhlobana noveli "Inhliziyo ka Inja" esikhathini sethu.

Esikhundleni "ibhola" futhi "Shvonder" woza "umthengi"

Futhi akucaci onjani mkhuba sibi kakhulu. Yiqiniso, "umthengi" cultured ngaphezulu, ehlakaniphe kakhulu, kodwa kwenza ziyathuthumela izwe ngezizathu ngaphandle "Shvonder" futhi "obungangenhloko kakhanjana". Ngokuvamile, "umthengi" nedoobrazovan, kodwa inawo wonke umbono: art mayelana okusezingeni eliphezulu, nemfashini, izincwadi ezinhle. It ulawula imali kanye nanoma yimiphi eminye ukusakaza. Ezweni lapho eziningi kungaphansi simiso, "ikhasimende" ilawula konke, ngoba komculo iningi. Bulgakov ukuyichaza emsebenzini wakhe, uhlobo ezivamile, okuyinto kwekhulu lama-20, wamdlula eYurophu, futhi ekhulwini lama-21 futhi bafika eRussia. Kufanele Ngibe sengizibuza, yini ukuhlobana noveli "Inhliziyo ka Inja" osukwini lwethu?

Ngo-1930 wakhipha umqulu ncwadi Hose Ortegi y Gasset sika "Revolt le iMisa" ihlelo. Kuyo, wahlola ngokuningiliziwe lo mkhuba "indoda mass". Phakathi kwezinye izinto, wabhala encwadini yakhe ethi: "Lo muntu omkhulu (umthengi) azizwa futhi ezishaya inkosi ukuphila." Kodwa into wukuthi akusiyo inkohliso engqondweni somthengi, ngempela baba okuyinhloko zokuphila. Wonke impucuko yesimanje yakhiwe ngaphansi isidingo sakhe.

Umuntu noma okubi noma okuhle? umbono Bulgakov

M. A. Bulgakov ngempela engenathemba ngomuntu. Shono wamelana e inoveli yakhe izilwane "okuhle" futhi "okubi" umuntu. Kube inja ezinhle, ngiye ngaba umuntu omubi. Akumangazi ukuguqulwa Ball e ibhola, kanye neqiniso lokuthi filipp Filippovich, ngokwazi kokubhubhisa, banquma ukuhlola ngokugqamile.

"Russian Frankenstein" hhayi kuphela awahlangabezananga amathemba umdali, kodwa wavuma ukuthi impilo elokuthula ukhululekile engokoqobo UProfesa baseSoviet zonke isinengiso yayo. Bulgakov kwadingeka ungeyona futhi akukho izinzuzo kuwo - omunye udoti.

Futhi uma umphumela ukuhlola Bulgakov babeka kwelinye wamatshe ayigugu ekwakhiweni, kuyothiwa kanje :. "Inja elihle lingcono kunamafutha umuntu omubi" Njengoba kubonakala, ngaphansi lo mbono ubhalisele abaningi abantu namuhla, idlala ezandleni zabuna Russian ekuphenduleni umbuzo kuyini ukuhlobana inoveli Bulgakov sika "Inhliziyo ka Inja."

Ekugcineni ngifuna ukusho into eyodwa kuphela, ulingisa Volgin: ". Funda ngiphindelela le zabuna, ukuyivula umqondo ezingasho"