Kuyini ihluzo ikhadi edidiyelwe

Ngaqala ukwazana ngedivayisi computer, okuthiwa ama "ihluzo okuhlangene", waqala yokufuna umbadlana ezintsha kanye CPU. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi udlulile esingaphezu konyaka, eningi iye kabusha funda, kucatshangwe kabusha ngaphezulu. Kuleli phephandaba Ngizozama ukuchaza ngolimi olulula umfundi ukuthi ikhadi ezifana isiqophi ihlanganiswe. amaphutha main ziyoxazululwa futhi izinzuzo izixazululo ezinjalo. Futhi ukuze sifinyelele iziphetho nokufaneleka kwabo - kuleso simo, semifanekiso ikhadi edidiyelwe kungaba enye esihle kunemifuziselo yako leyehlukene.

Ukuze i-computer uvele isithombe, isiginali ekhethekile control kumele ithunyelwe izifunda zalo electronic. Lo msebenzi wabelwa ikhadi ihluzo. Uma iminyaka engu-10 edlule, onguchwepheshe emkhakheni ubuchwepheshe bama-computer ukubuza ukukhuluma mayelana ikhadi isiqophi, kungaba ukuchaza idivayisi ehlukile - a textolite ibhodi ekhethekile, izinhlu ezimbili zamahalananda oxhumana ezihambayo uxhumeke kwi-isixhumi umbadlana.

Noma yiluphi uhlelo kukhompyutha kuhilela design, ukubuthwa amamojula ngabanye. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuze uthuthukise amayunithi akho, ngaphandle kwaphazamiseka abanye. Ngakho, ikhadi exhunywe kwi-motherboard, i-adaptha alalelwayo, ikhadi inethiwekhi, isilawuli induku yokudlala. Kodwa manje, abaningi wathi amabhodi babé ehlangene.

Khumbula umculo ihlanganisa nenkathi yamaSoviet, ngokuhlanganisa turntable, sicophamavi futhi isamukeli? Into efanayo kwenzekani ubuchwepheshe sekhompiyutha: muva bekulokhu emakethe in inqwaba esikunika isixazululo ezithakazelisayo - semifanekiso ikhadi ehlangene.

Ividiyo adaptha njengoba idivayisi olulodwa ngokuthi leyehlukene. Leli khadi kalula kuthathelwe indawo uma kunesidingo. Kodwa sesimanje okuhlangene ihluzo ikhadi Akukhona kuncike. izingxenye zalo electronic zingafakwa ngaphakathi chip ekhethekile soldered kuya umbadlana noma yingxenye chip CPU. Yiziphi izinzuzo ngesinqumo esifana nalesi?

Okokuqala, ukuthenga umbadlana ihluzo okuhlangene ikhadi, kodwa ungase wonge imali ku ukuthenga leyehlukene. Okungenani okokuqala. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi intengo-ukwenza ihlanganiswe (esakhelwe) amakhadi ngaphandle kwabo ziyahluka kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izilimi eziningi zanamuhla kakade zihlanganisa esakhelwe ihluzo core, nokuthi ukuyisebenzisa noma cha - kukuwe umsebenzisi.

Okwesibili, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla amaphethini ibeke ividiyo amakhadi ngokuvamile leliphasi kunaleyo ka ngokuqhubekayo, okuyinto wenza sikwazi ukuqoqa eyonga ugesi ikhompyutha. Ngokwesibonelo, Intel ihluzo okuhlangene ikhadi ibusa angaphansi kuka-15 Watts. Ngakho-ke, ukulawula izinga lokushisa uyazonga ngaphezulu - kunganciphisa inani abalandeli enomsindo iyunithi uhlelo.

Okwesithathu, inciphise inani yobude uhlelo ibhasi imigqa abathintekayo ukuxhumana ikhadi elikuvumela ukuba ukuthola umbono ocacile, ngoba iyiphi inductor eyengeziwe kanye capacitor benza ukuhlanekezela kancane.

Nokho, i-ihluzo ikhadi ihlanganiswe inezici ezimbili ungavumeli ukuncoma ukusetshenziswa kwaso ngaphandle kokukhetha:

- umkhiqizo leliphasi kunaleyo komnotho ngobuningi amadivayisi ezehlukene;

- kungenzeka nesizotha more - isibonelo, ngisho nalapho isabelomali ikhadi leyehlukene isekela iDirectX 11, esakhelwe lwenteke 10.1.

Ngakho, uma i-computer engasetshenziselwa "ezisinda" kangaka imidlalo kanye efanayo izicelo ngakuthathu, isixazululo okuhlangene - lesikahle.