Ukucela - Iyini?

Igama elithi "kuqala ekuhlanganiseni" yaqale ozalwa e-UK e-maphakathi nekhulu XIX. Ngo nencazelo yalo yokuqala kuqala ekuhlanganiseni - ingcindezi izinqumo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqumo ezidingekile. Isibonelo esiyinhloko salokhu ingcindezi ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile ku angamalungu ePhalamende ngesikhathi ivoti yabo ku izikweletu. Kwaba nezimboni ezinkulu ngakho British zaqala ukutheleka, ukuhlangana emgwaqeni uMazibuko ngesikhathi Emakilasini Legislative Chamber ezinsukwini nokuzama ngandlela-thile ukukholisa abasephalamende ukuthatha izinqumo ezidingekile.

Namuhla kuqala ekuhlanganiseni - Kuthi mkhuba zisabalele. Ihlanganisa hhayi kuphela emkhakheni izithakazelo ibhizinisi, kodwa futhi izinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni, isayense, imfundo, ubuciko, imibono, nokunye. kuqala ekuhlanganiseni zombusazwe nezimboni ezinkulu kwekhulu lokugcina engangikulo lalinegama elihle ubunjalo evelele ezingezinhle noma ngisho emthethweni. Namuhla, lo msebenzi is ngempela sangena ekuphileni kwansuku zonke ithi yeningi zomhlaba. Ezweni lanamuhla elisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe of kuqala ekuhlanganiseni zezombusazwe PR - liphinde umsebenzi okhokhelwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiyalo ezifanele eziningi amakhono jikelele namanyuvesi Russian muva. Futhi e-US, njengoba kuboniswa izibalo, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-12,000 lobbyists olusemthethweni.

Abeseka kwezombusazwe nezindlela zakhe

Ukuhlukanisa Phakathi izinhlobo ezimbili izenzo: nenkhulumombiko. Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka kuhlanganisa emihlanganweni eqondile nezingxoxo amalungu Assembly Legislative; nezethulo nokuyaluza phakathi kwabo; ukusiza ekulungiseleleni ngemithetho ehlongozwayo; iseluleko lochwepheshe; ukuhlinzekwa kwemisebenzi ehlukahlukene namasekela kanjalo namaqembu ezombusazwe; Direct nokufaka imali ku-akhawunti yabo, isibonelo, ngokuziphatha imikhankaso yokhetho. kuqala ekuhlanganiseni ongaqondile - umlamuleli by isenzo, okuyinto kubangelwa ingcindezi abasephalamende. Okulandelayo ingashiwo njengezibonelo yawo:

1. Ithonya umphakathi obabheka ngayo. Kulokhu, senziwa uhlale elithile emphakathini (ngokuvamile ngokusebenzisa abezindaba), bese kuba izishayamthetho ingcindezi ithuluzi.

2. inhlolovo Komphakathi. survey ezinjalo zivame oyi-kuhlelwe imiphumela. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa kukhethwa eqenjini elithile kwezenhlalo, isifunda, ingqondo inkinga nokunye. Kamuva lanyathelisa imiphumela yalezi survey nazo a isigwedlo ithonya.

3. Ukwenza abavoti. Lokhu kunjalo lapho lobbyists ngqo sinxuse izakhamuzi nalabo ikhankasela ukubhekana, yenza zamaphini: ngokubhala incwadi, ngokushaya ucingo. inketho ukunciphisa kungenzeka ukubiza umhlangano ukwamukelwa of nezinye izikweletu.

4. inhlangano situational. Kwezinye izimo, lobbyists zingahlanganiswa ngomthetho ehlukile, kuyazuzisa amalungu kasoseshini. Ngisho noma bonke abanye izithakazelo zabo musa luqondane. Amasekela kunamathuba amaningi okuthi baxoxe nabameleli la maqembu, njengoba aqede isidingo ukulalela izimfuneko bezinhlanga ezahlukene kuyenzeka ihlangane. Ngakho, yonga isikhathi namandla.