Ukhonkolo we-monolithic foam: izinzuzo nokulimaza, uhlelo lokusebenza ekwakhiweni

Ukhonkolo we-monolithic foam isetshenziswa namuhla ezindaweni eziningi zokwakhiwa. Leli qiniso alikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi limangalisa, ngoba le ndaba inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokusebenza. Uma uqhathanisa nezinye izixazululo, ukhonkolo lwe-Foam luhlukile ngoba lungenziwa ngokuqondile ngqo endaweni yesakhiwo noma kwisitshalo.

Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza

Ukukhiqizwa kobukhonkwane be-foam baqala ukuthuthukisa ngemuva kweRussia nakwamanye amazwe izidingo zokwehliswa okushisayo kwezakhiwo zaqina. Ngakho-ke, izinto eziphezulu zokusebenza, ezihambisana nazo zonke izidingo ezidingekayo, zaqala ukuvela emakethe.

Yenza ukhonkolo lwe-foam usebenzisa isamende nesihlabathi, lapho isixazululo siphucuziwe khona. Ngemuva kokubunjwa kuncike ku-aeration. Ukushisa kwomoya endaweni yesakhiwo akufanele kube ngaphansi kwezingu-10 degrees. Uma sisho izigaba zomsebenzi, i-mixer yekhonkri igcwele uketshezi, bese isihlabathi nesamente zithelelwa emgodini ojikelezayo. Esigabeni esilandelayo, i-foam eqediwe igcwele, ukuhlanganiswa kuhlanganiswe futhi kunikezwe efomini elenziwe ngaphambilini. Ukwandisa amandla esakhiwo esetshenziswa ukuqiniswa. Ngokuvamile, ifomu elingasusiwe lisetshenziswa, elenziwe ngendlela yokuthi kungenzeka ukuqinisa ungqimba wokugcina ngaphandle. Okuthandwa kakhulu yizingilazi zeglasi-magnesite.

Ubuningi

Uma usebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe, uzokwazi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwekhonkrithi ye-foam kanye ne-foam uqobo, ukusheshisa umsebenzi nokunciphisa izindleko zezezimali. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yezinto ezikhiqizwayo kungenziwa ngenkathi kugcwaliswa ingxube ngendlela yokulinganisa kwabantu futhi ngokuhlola amasampuli. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi indlu inikezwa ukufakwa kwezinga eliphakeme lokushisa, ukukhonjiswa kobuciko kufanele kusetshenziswe, ububanzi bayo bulingana namamitha angu-250. Ngesikhathi isibalo kufanele sibe ngamakhilogremu angu-200 ngamamitha ayi-cubic.

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokukhonjiswa kobuciko

Ukukhiqizwa kobukhonkwane be-foam kungenziwa nguwe wedwa esakhiweni sokwakha, lokhu kungenye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zalesi sihloko. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, izindonga zizwakala futhi zishisa, futhi izindleko zokushisa zinganciphisa ngo-30%. Ukuqedwa okuqhubekayo kulula, izindonga zithembekile futhi zithembekile.

Uma usebenzisa ukhonkolo lwe-monolithic foam ekwakhiweni kwendlu, khona-ke i-microclimate enhle izonikezwa ngaphakathi, ngoba le nto ingakwazi ukugcina umswakama omuhle nokushisa. Ehlobo, izakhiwo ngeke zishise, kanti ebusika ukushisa kuzohlala ngaphakathi ngaphakathi. Ngokuvamile, abathengi bakhetha ukukhonjiswa kobuciko ngenxa yokuthi kunobungane. Phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza akukho izinto eziyingozi ezisetshenziswayo, azikho izingxenye ezinobuthi ezisakhiwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Izindonga zingenakuvutha umlilo, azishisi ngaphansi kwamandla okushisa okuphezulu. Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe kubonisa ukuthi ukukhonjiswa kobuciko kuphephile ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yokuthi ingasetshenziswa ukudala noma yimuphi umklamo, ukhonkolo wamaselula usetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-arches, amapiramidi nezinye izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Esikhathini sokwakhiwa, uzoqonda ukuthi kuyabonga, futhi ungayisebenzisa ukuze ufeze imigomo ehlukene. Isibonelo, ekwenzeni amaphaneli, ukuphazamiseka kokuphazamiseka nokuphazamisa uphahla.

Ukungalungi okuyinhloko

Uma unquma ukwakha indlu kusuka kukhonkolo lwe-monolithic foam, kufanele ucabange ukuthi kungenziwa kuphela indlela ye-skeleton. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi konke ukungalungi kwalezi zakhiwo kuzolindelwa izakhamizi ngokuhluleka. Uma uklama futhi ufake, ungabhekana nezinkinga ezithile. Ngemuva kwalokho, umuntu onolwazi ekwakheni uzokwazi ukuthatha indaba yefreyimu (ifomu).

Le ndaba ifuna ukugxila, okumele kukhethwe ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kwalokho izakhiwo eziwusizo zekhonkrithi ye-foam zizophela. Naphezu kokuthi ubungane bezemvelo basesimweni esiphakeme, abanye abakhiqizi basebenzise ama-agent agqugquzelayo ekwenzeni inqubo yokukhiqiza, engakwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi iphephile. Kodwa ukubunjwa kwabo, njengokubusa, kungaphansi kwesigamu sephesenti.

Ukukhonjwa kwe-monolithic foam, ukubuyekezwa okungaba okungalungile, kunobulukhuni obukhulu, kodwa umuntu akanakukungazibali ubude bendaba. Izindonga zizokwazi ukuthwala imithwalo ephakeme endaweni ekhona, kepha ukushaya okubuhlungu kungabangela ukuphahlazeka. Lokhu kubonisa isidingo sokusebenza ngokucophelela. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukukhonta kudinga ukuqiniswa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo sensimbi kungabangela izindleko ezengeziwe. Uma unquma ukukhetha ukhonkolo lwe-monolithic foam ekwakheni, kunconywa ukuba ucabangele amaminithi wezinto ezikude. Phakathi kwazo kubalulekile ukunikeza i-porosity ephakeme, okuba yimbangela yokunakekelwa kwamanzi kuya ku-15% we-mass mass of the material. Njengomkhuba wokubonisa, ngokuvamile akuyona into embi kakhulu, kodwa ukufudumala okuphezulu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezimfanelo zokugcoba okufudumele. Ukulwa nale nkinga ngokusebenzisa inani elikhulu lokuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi, okuzohlukanisa ukwaziswa okuvela kwimvelo yangaphandle. Ukukhathazeka ukuthi indlela yokwenza umsebenzi ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi ilula kakhulu.

Izinkinga ezingeziwe

Ukukhonjwa kwe-monolithic foam kusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni namuhla, kodwa kunamathuba amabi, okungukuthi umfutho ophansi womoya, ongabangela umswakama ophezulu ngaphakathi kwendawo. Ukuze wenze isisekelo sekhwalithi ngalezo zindonga, kuphela i-slaol monolithic ingasetshenziswa, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuphahlazeka akukwazi ukugwema. Gcwalisa isikhala esakhiwe phakathi kwezindonga zesikhonkolo se-foam. Isixazululo esibi ukusebenzisa isisombululo samamente nesihlabathi. Kulesi simo, usengozini yokuthola iziqu ezinamamitha amathathu noma ngaphezulu. Kulesi simo, izakhiwo zokushisa ezishisayo kanye nezakhiwo zokufaka umsindo kuzoncishiswa.

Ngeke kube mnandi nokuthi emva kokwakhiwa kwezindonga nokusetshenziswa kwefomu elikhishwayo, kubalulekile ukuphoqa ubuso ngaphezu kwalokho, okuyinkimbinkimbi yomsebenzi futhi kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukusebenza. Ukhonkolo we-monolithic foam, njenganoma yikuphi okunye okubonakalayo, kwehla ngemuva kokwakhiwa. Uma uqhathanisa nekhonktha ephazamisekile, khona-ke kuphakeme. Kodwa uma ubuchwepheshe bubonakala, ngeke budlule u-0.1%. Ukunciphisa okukhulu kuzokwenzeka zingakapheli inyanga eyodwa.

Kungani ungafanele ukhethe ukukhonjiswa kobuciko

Ngokuvamile ukhonkolo lwe-monolithic foam uchithelwa ngokusetshenziswa kwefomu elungisiwe, noma kunjalo, uma izingxenye zefreyimu zisetshenziswe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa, indaba ingabangela ubunzima ekugcineni ukuqedela. Akuzona zonke izinto ezisetshenziselwa kahle. Uma ufaka izakhi zokuhlobisa odongeni, kuzoba lula ukushayela izikhonkwane nezinzipho ngaphandle komzamo ongadingekile, emva kwalokho zibuyele emuva. Ngaphakathi kwesiteshi sokufaka izibopho izinto ezibonakalayo, kodwa ngezitini noma izinkuni izinkinga ezinjalo azivuki.

Isicelo ekwakhiweni

Ukwakheka kwe-monolithic foam, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuchaziwe ngenhla futhi bungakwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimela, busetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukene yokwakha. Lokhu kutholakala kungatholakala ezithombeni, ezenziwe ngokukhonjiswa kobuciko ngobuningi obufinyelela ku-800 kilogremu ngamamitha ayi-cubic. Amandla ayi-3.5 MPa. Njengenzuzo eyengeziwe yalezi ziqalo ukuthi ukunciphisa umthwalo esakhiweni.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukhonkolo lwe-Foam lusetshenziselwa ukufaka uphahla oluphahleni. Ubungako obuphakathi kufanele bube ngamakhilomitha angu-250 ngamamitha ayi-cubic. Kodwa ungqimba oluphakeme lokuzivikela lungenziwa ngekhonkrithi ye-foam nge-600 kg kilogram ngayinye.

Leli gciwane lisetshenziselwa ukuhlelwa kwe- interfloor overlappings, kanye nokwehliswa okushisayo kwezindonga. Uma kukhona isakhiwo esenziwe ngesitini se-silicate, isikhonkwane se-foam singasetshenziswa, isibalo saso esingaba ngu-200 kilograms ngayinye yamamitha ayi-cubic. Ukufudumala ngale ndlela kuvumela ukunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi nokuqeda isidingo sokusebenzisa izinto ezibizayo nezingavikelekile ezifana ne-polystyrene eyandisiwe noboya bamaminerali. Ungathola indaba echazweyo ekwakhiweni kokufakelwa kwe- chimneys. Isibonelo, ezimweni ze-Novolipetsk ye-metallurgis zihlanganisa, zenqaba ukusebenzisa uboya obunamaminerali, zihamba ekhoneni lokukhwabanisa isikhumba, obani abangamakhilogremu angu-400 ngamamitha ayi-cubic.

Izindleko zokukhonjiswa kobuciko

Uma unquma ukusebenzisa ukhonkolo lwe-foam ukwakhiwa, intengo yalesi sihloko kufanele ikuthande. Ukuthola, kufanele ukhokhe ama-ruble angu-4000. Ngama-cubic meter. Lona ubukhulu obuvela ku-D400 kuya ku-D1200, leyo ncazelo ifaneleka kudivayisi yezingcingo neminye imisebenzi.

Intengo yendlu eyenziwe ngekhonkrithi ye-foam

Izindleko zendlu ezenziwe ngekhonkrithi ye-foam zingaba ziphansi kakhulu kunokusebenzisa ezinye izinto zokusebenza. Ngakho, ngamamitha ayizi-square angu-242 kufanele ukhokhe ama-ruble angu-3 500,000.

Izimfanelo zobuhle

"Ukwakhiwa kwe-monolithic foam, noma ukwakha ngaphandle kwemali." Yisiqubulo sokuthi abantu abakhetha izinto zamaselula ekhaya labo elizayo balandela. Kodwa kufanele ucabange ukuthi ukubonakala kwesakhiwo esamukelekile kungase kungabi kuhle kakhulu. Uma uqhathanisa nemigqa ehlanganisiwe, ukhetho lokugcina luzokwamukela abathandekayo abaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-penoblok, ngokusho kwamakhasimende, inikeza inkululeko engathandabuzeki yokwakha. Ngesiza sokwaziswa kwamaselula, kunenkinga yokwakha i-cottage yasekuqaleni nenhle ezophindaphinda amasiko kwanoma yisiphi isitayela.

Ngokuvamile ungabona izinketho ezijwayelekile ezingabamba iso. Ukhonkolo lwe-foam, intengo yalo okukhulunywe ngenhla, inehlelo lokubala lombala kakhulu. Lokhu kudinga ukuqedela okungeziwe nokuhlanganisa nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto zokwakha, okwandisa izindleko. Phela, i-foam block ayinakuthandeki kakhulu.

Isiphetho

Naphezu kokungalungi kwekhonkrithi ye-Foam, akulahlekelwa ukuthandwa phakathi kwabathengi. Uma unqume ukwakha indlu entsha, khona-ke ungacabangela izici zempahla yeselula.