Ugwadule driest emhlabeni: isithombe kanye nencazelo

Ngo Chile iyindawo driest emhlabeni, futhi isimanga ukuthi ukuphila sigcinwe khona. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka emine kulesi sigodi angawi ngisho iconsi anikeza ukuphila imvula, umswakama, ngakho-ke nendawo eyingqayizivele amaphesenti zero ka.

Umlando omncane

Emaphethelweni nge Peru yiyona ehlane driest emhlabeni itholakala olusentshonalanga yeNingizimu Melika. Lapho abaseSpain walidla izwe Chilean, benethemba lokuthola into ayigugu. Nokho, insimu enkulu amakhilomitha eziyikhulu namashumi anamahlanu amawaka skwele iyiphi enomkhiqizo wokumbiwa phansi atholakele phezu iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu.

Ngemva ukuthola ekubusweni abanqobi Spanish ezweni ehlane waqala ukufuna eBolivia nasePeru, futhi uma atholakala nitrate okwami XIX leminyaka, zinqobe kwagqashuka okwaholela War of the Pacific.

winner azithele ngabandayo waya eChile, futhi ngamanani amakhulu olwaqala zokuhlala izisebenzi zasemayini Atacama '. Ngeshwa, ngemva obhekwe zokwenziwa nitrate okumba saltpeter kwehliselwe ku lutho, futhi namuhla le ndawo emizaneni ezingaphezu kuka-150 sishiywe, bendawo ngokuthi "izipoki."

By the way, ugwadule driest emhlabeni - lena indawo kuphela emhlabeni lapho izinsalela amaminerali Namanje walondoloza sibonga sezulu esiyingqayizivele, ngoba yonke indawo ngesikhathi esisodwa nitrate ancibilikisa emanzini.

ehlane sezulu

Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukucindezeleka okukhulu e-California, ngokuthi isiGodi Ukufa, kubhekwa indawo ezishisayo ku wonke, kodwa akuyona. I National Park of America ziyinsakavukela imvula isikhathi eside, okuholela izikhukhula nokushintsha isimo sezwe. Nendawo ka-the Atacama ezinamatshe eziphansi emifuleni iminyaka eyizinkulungwane 120 esomile imvula eza kanye amashumi eminyaka. Ngakho-ke, yonke imibuzo ngalokho ehlane driest emhlabeni, ososayensi ubonakala wemfanelo.

Ezindaweni ezinesomiso ungenalo ukushisa ejwayelekile kokuzama. Isilinganiso lokushisa nsuku zonke kusuka degrees zero kuya 25. Eziningi zezindawo neze izinguzunga zeqhwa ezintabeni, lafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa.

Biota

Naphezu kwezimo kunalokho elibuhlungu, izimila abampofu siqukethe ulele emathafeni, nezihlahla wameva cactus elincane, ezingaphezu kuka-160 zezinhlanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzithele ngomuthi ezivundile ambalwa.

Kodwa zasendle okuncane ngempela: isimo sezwe ubuswa izinyoka izinambuzane ezidla umswakama izimpilo inkungu. Umhwamuko uhamba iwukufingqwa nge Ukupholisa abukhali futhi uyasondla eziqhingini ezincane izimila phakathi ogwadule elihangukile.

Futhi kwezinye izindawo engatholakali ngisho nawofezela esihlabathini hot is nhlobo yimuphi ukuphila.

"Imvula Shadow"

Ososayensi baye bathola ukuthi kungani ehlane driest emhlabeni onjalo. Isizathu salokhu mkhuba ongavamile, okuthiwa "isithunzi imvula". Andes High ube isithiyo ezinamandla ukuze asemkhathini tropical isisindo sithela KULETHA eNingizimu Melika. Ngakho, wendawo ukushaywa umoya ayiqukethe umswakama, naphezu ukusondela olwandle.

Amadivayisi lokuqoqa umswakama

Zonke umswakama ehlane iza inkungu obukhulu, futhi kungcono into nje ukuthi bangathembela abakhileyo kulo. Abantu bakule ndawo sebejwayele ukuqoqa amanzi usebenzisa lwemidlalo olukhohlisayo ekukhuleni komuntu ukuphakama.

"Demister" abahlukile - lokhu okusunguliwe bunjwa cylindrical, izindonga zazo zenziwa kusukela inayiloni kwayo. Kubo umswakama ahlanzekile agelezela ethangini, ngaleyo ndlela sivumele ukuqoqa kufika ku amalitha amanzi 20.

Inani labantu base-ehlane

Kungase kubonakale kungavamile, kodwa ogwadule driest emhlabeni, i-Atacama liye laba yindawo ka abangaphezu kwesigidi abantu baphile, ngubani esezinzile ugu amadolobha-ezivundile. Enyakatho, abalimi sikhule utamatisi kanye ukhukhamba, usebenzisa ngenkasa drip irrigation eyenzeka izinhlelo. Futhi kule ugu ingxenye kukhona ngamazwe izazi zezinkanyezi isizinda.

Iphuzu kokuqala kulabo abafisa ukuhlola nehlane liphenduke idolobha elincane San Pedro de Atacama, eyasungulwa phakathi nokunqotshwa kweKhanani okwathatha Spanish. Akhiwe enhliziyweni zensimu omile idolobha elincane elinabantu kungekho abantu abangaphezu kuka-nanhlanu namakhulu iyona edume kunayo.

Moon esigodini

Ngo empumalanga, Atacama kuyinto emangalisayo izivakashi, okuyinto abadumile kude lé nemingcele yeChile. Valle de la Luna - indawo ezingajwayelekile imbulunga, efana namathafa enqunywa ngokuthwasa kwenyanga. Valley futhi zokwakheka eziyingqayizivele isihlabathi, usawoti kanye amatshe bobunjwa yinqaba kusetshenzwe isikhathi kanye nemvelo, kubukeka kumnandi ebusuku lapho izithunzi iwe kwi amagquma ujike esigodini ibe indawo ezingaqondakali.

namathafa emangalisa, lapho izivakashi ungabona izithombe angajwayelekile agcinwe isikhathi eside. Omunye kungaba bayaphikisana ngokuthi izinhlobo ezifanayo okwakheke rock on asemigodini enqunywa ngokuthwasa kwenyanga. abahambi Iye yaba khona bathambekele bakholelwa ukuthi kuyinto kunalokho indlela ukuheha abavakashi abaningi, kodwa nokho zonke ukugubha isithombe fabulous, okuyinto ayinakuqhathaniswa kwezokuzijabulisa.

Plain, mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinhlelo Legends

Njengoba kumnyama, lapho kunonyezi, kuyabonakala izibalo amnyama, abendawo ushayele ababheki emathafeni. izinganekwane Indian sidilizwa niyikhulume le mimoya Labelaphi, owahamba umzimba wangena indiza astral, futhi zizivikele itshe Moon Valley wakhonza ukuze zibaqondise. Lapha izithombe eziningi-sci-fi amafilimu, futhi abantu balapha ukholelwa ukuthi ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka edlule, kwakukhona zabezizwe yangempela.

Moon Valley iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10, esetshenziswa ejensi American NASA njengoba yindawo ekuhlolwa "rovers" zabo futhi izazi zezinkanyezi ukuba ukufika kwenyanga ababeqeqeshwe lapha.

Ukuqopha esihlabathini

Ugwadule driest emhlabeni eyaziwa ngokuba ukubaza elisabisayo othakazelisayo ngesimo isandla womuntu omkhulu athé esihlabathini. Umbhali wazama ukuveza njengoba nalusizo komuntu futhi bakha ukuba sengozini yokutheleleka amandla emvelo.

izivakashi budedengu inflict imidwebo ekhona, futhi art izinto ngokuvamile kudingeka yokuhlanza njalo.

Ugwadule driest emhlabeni yaqhakaza

Esinye sezenzakalo eziphawulekayo kunazo esogwadule yiyona okuthiwa ke "yokuqhuma". Lokhu kwenzeka ngaso ngalezo zinsuku, lapho imvula eside elindelwe wathela phezu kwesihlabathi ezomile. Into wukuthi imbewu izitshalo eziningi kungenzeka amanzi ukulinda iminyaka eminingi, futhi ngenxa yokuphila kwabo kudinga-15 kwangu yamanzi ngonyaka.

Ngo-2015, lapho eyaqala pink ukhaphethi ehlane driest emhlabeni. Akuphindanga yayingekho imvula ngoba emakhulwini eledlule leminyaka, nezimvula ezinamandla ziye kudala ekuphileni Mallow, imbali umbala.

mkhuba okungavamile has ososayensi emangazwa yokuthi emlandweni kugcinwa Atacama akakaze embozwe yezimila zasendle kabili ngonyaka. It sekuyinkinga lomkhuba wokuthi uye ukhangwa izinkulungwane zezivakashi esifundeni. Iziphathimandla zendawo libike ukuthi i-bloom engavamile kwasiza ukwelekelela kakhulu kwesabelomali esifundeni.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

• Atacama - ogwadule endala emhlabeni. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi umhlaba mdala kangakanani idlula iminyaka eyizigidi ezingamashumi amabili.
• 2010 kwaphawulwa umcimbi Amazing nomlando wayo. Ngo-May, ke baphonse omningi iqhwa, futhi ngenxa eqhweni okusezingeni eliphezulu iphukile zokuxhumana kanye umgwaqo link. Ngaphezu kwalokho, saba isikhathi eside ukubuyisela ugesi emadolobheni.
• Kuyaziwa ukuthi ezomile kuyinto enhle silondoloza iyiphi eziphilayo ezaziwayo. Dying, abazi ukubola, kodwa kuphela wome. Ngenxa yalesi impahla, bomkhankaso ezitholwa abavubukuli e kwezihlabathi ezidunjini ezomisiwe ehlane amaNdiya ahlala endaweni neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-anesithoba amawaka edlule.
• Ugwadule driest emhlabeni uthatha hhayi abahambi kuphela, kodwa futhi abalandeli emidlalweni eyingozi. Abalandeli owasungula indlela entsha in the mdlalo ngokuthi "Sandboarding" ngokwezwi nezwi matasa sezwe, ilele ku amabhodi obukhethekile zesihlabathi.
• Ngokulinganiswa muva nje ezifakwa wathola zethusi, futhi edolobheni Chuquicamata okwami sisebenza ukukhiqizwa yayo.

Ugwadule driest emhlabeni, ogama izithombe kuhlobisa izincwajana ukunikela uhambo amadlingozi Chile ukuhamba izinkampani, ngumkhuba yangempela. Dead, Uma unganakile, endaweni liphetheni izimangaliso eziningi, okubonisa ukuthi ngisho kule ndawo ngokunqoba ukuphila.