Ugesi - lena ... Incazelo

Ugesi - igama isetshenziswa Yiqiniso physics. Ake sihlaziye kwencazelo ubuningi ngokomzimba, ikakhulukazi endleleni abukeka, izicelo.

definition

Kuyini ugesi? Ukunqunywa physics kusho inhlanganisela imihlola ezahlukene ezihlobene ukuhamba icala kagesi.

Leli gama livele usosayensi oyiNgisi uWilliam Gilbert ngo-1600. Wazama ukuchaza izenzakalo ezenzeka ngaphansi isenzo komzimba ikhampasi kazibuthe. Lokho kwaba, empeleni waqinisekisa ukuba khona kukagesi emizimbeni.

amakhasi omlando

Ugesi - into eye wazama ukuchaza izikhathi yaseGrisi yasendulo. Bamafilosofi owaphila ekhulwini lesikhombisa BC, wathola ukuthi uma amber ukuzihlikihla uvolo zemvelo, ezuza amandla ukuheha ezihlukahlukene izinto.

Ekhulwini lesikhombisa umshini electrostatic wadalwa German Otto Fon Gerike, ehlanganisa sulphur amabhola ebethelwe induku yensimbi. isakhiwo esinjalo ukuvumele ukuba bagcine hhayi kuphela Luhambo lezinto, kodwa futhi umuzwa wokwenyanya yabo.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili eyiNgisi Stephen Gray, uchungechunge ucwaningo kwi kagesi amandla ukudluliswa phezu ibanga elithile. Wathola ukuthi kuncike yokwakheka impahla eshintsha ikhono ukuqhuba kagesi.

Kuyini ugesi? Umqondo, ngokuyisisekelo asho into ngokomzimba abangu alichaza engumFulentshi Charles Dufay. Phakathi ucwaningo ezahlukene wathola resin namabhodlela ugesi ezenzeka ngesikhathi ukuhlikihla ubulembu ingilazi, inhlaka phezu uvolo. Phakathi kwekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili Pieter van Musschenbroek bezazisa capacitor kagesi, ngokuthi imbiza Leyden. Ekuhloleni parallel eziphathelene isifundo kagesi asemkhathini, eyenziwa usosayensi Russian M. V Lomonosovym.

Ekupheleni nesishiyagalombili elengayo ekhulwini wathola umthetho owawuthi ugesi - kuba ukunyakaza izinhlayiya icala.

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-nesishiyagalolunye physics ekhulwini Oersted itholiwe ukuphazamiseka kagesi. It livaleke the wesifunda, ngokuqaphela oscillations ikhampasi elise emhlabeni umqhubi. Ampere wathola ukuthi ugesi kanye uzibuthe zihlobene, ezimweni lapho kungekho zikagesi.

Faraday, usebenzisa imiphumela ucwaningo Ampere futhi Oersted, wathola lo mkhuba of lokungeniswa kagesi. Kubo generator lwenzelwe ugesi, esakhiwa core uzibuthe katushki.Cherez yasisedlula ugesi. Meaning of amazwi emva ucwaningo kokwenza sasihlotshaniswa ukunyakaza izinhlayiya icala.

umsebenzi Maxwell sika yayiwumsebenzi owumphumela wawo wonke izenzakalo kagesi. Ngo zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili kwakukhona imfundiso yokuziphendukela quantum electrodynamics. Wayiphendula yonke imibuzo ababe ososayensi ngaleso sikhatsi lesitsite.

Uyini kagesi

Siye sathola ukuthi ugesi - ukubaluleka ukuthi lihlotshaniswa ukuhamba izinhlayiya icala. Futhi kuyini i kagesi? Luhilela ikhono ukudala i ensimini kagesi emhlabeni umqhubi. Ngemizimba ezithinta icala elifanayo, dudula nomunye, futhi ezahlukene - basondela. Okusho ukuthi, njengoba ukunyakaza izinhlayiya ku ukudluliswa kagesi ngaphakathi umqhubi.

ugesi ezingokwemvelo

Njengoba kagesi isibonisi wamanje elikhanyayo emhlabeni ophilayo ucabangela uziphu. yimvelo kagesi elisungulwe ngekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili. Lo muzi waba umbani kubangelwa eminingi ihlathi imililo. Neqiniso umehluko ezivukayo phakathi laphakathi umkhathi nomhlaba amaqabunga ANGU 400 kV.

Izinqubo ezenzeka isimiso sezinzwa, uhlotshaniswe ukudlula kagesi. Ngokwesibonelo, kwafika isikhukhula esisabekayo amandla kwenzeka ngesikhathi ukuvelela voltage yonkana ulwelwesi cell, okuyinto eziphilayo kubhekwa nesifiso emsipheni. Ingasetshenziselwa ukudlulisela ulwazi kusuka kwesinye isitokisi bazifake kwesinye. Fish esetshenziselwa igezi ngaphansi yokusesha amanzi kanye nokuvikelwa uma izitha.

Ngokwesibonelo, i-South American umbokwane kagesi zingakwazi ukukhiqiza esithweni ugesi ukuze volts anamakhulu mahlanu. Lampreys futhi oshaka ingasetshenziswa ukukhomba igezi. receptor Special kagesi emkhakheni catch ezinye izinto eziphilayo.

isiphetho

I ucwaningo Kwakuseshwa nge ugesi, ukukhuthaza intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe. Ngesisekelo ezisebenza amadivayisi wamanje ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziswa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, kwezesayensi, ubuchwepheshe.

Ukuze anelise ngokugcwele zonke izicelo ukubeka phambili ngokoqobo ugesi, enamandla amandla ugesi zenzelwe. At inhliziyo umsebenzi wabo kukhona inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela ugesi kanye uzibuthe, okuxoxwe ngawo ngenhla.