Kuyini lokungeniswa kagesi

lokungeniswa kagesi busizungezile. Ngisho nangalesi sikhathi, lapho ufunda lezi imigqa esuka isihenqo kudivayisi yakho electronic, umthelela ivuliwe emangqamuzaneni omzimba. Nokho, akufanele sikhathazeke ngayo, ngoba umfutho walo lincane kangangokuthi kuphela nesithakazelo theory. Nokho, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, lokungeniswa kagesi kungase kwandise kube sezingeni eliyingozi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuphepha komuntu kuncike ngokuyinhloko yena. Ngakho-ke, kumele ube okungenani umqondo jikelele uyini lokungeniswa kagesi.

Ake elula ukucabanga isilingo. Ngenxa yalesi sidinga metallic ring ayindilinga, lapho inzwa igebe axhunyiwe ochungechungeni ammeter futhi ongaphakeme amandla intambo isibani. Lokhu ayindilinga kuyoba iluphu avaliwe, lapho ungakwazi flow le kushintshana kagesi. I ring ngokwawo elingalodwa, isibonelo, liphahlwe ibhantshi plastic. Eyesibili isici esibalulekile - ucingo isikhathi eside sinqamula lapho wamanje ageleza. Ukucindezeleka lapha kufanele kube ephakeme. Beka ayindilinga ekamelweni elilodwa, kanye wire - in the kwamanye. Ngokusobala, ammeter e indandatho metal libonisa zero - ngempela, iphi zamanje khona?! Manje ubeke wire ngqo esiyingini ... Kuleli qophelo, uma voltage akuyona incane kakhulu, inaliti kudivayisi kuphambuka zero. Izimangaliso! Phela, ama-electron, kusukela wire angeke gxuma phezu ring insimbi, ngoba yinto yokugcina thina ngokukhethekile wakhomba angawodwa plastic-non-conductive. Thina izinkinga experiment yethu: wire-isilonda kuya ayindilinga. Manje umcibisholo ammeter libonisa ngokucacile khona indandatho kagesi. Isizathu salokhu - lokungeniswa kagesi. Ukuze ukukuchazela ukuthi kwenzekani kusukela iphuzu zesayensi of umbono, kubalulekile ukwenza uhambo encane ibe emlandweni.

Ukutholakala lokungeniswa kagesi ngo-1831 kuthiwa wenziwa UMichael Faraday. Eminyakeni eyishumi ngaphambi kwalokho, waqala ukuguqula kazibuthe ibe amandla kagesi kanye, njengoba kungabonwa, lolungenamaphutsa babhekana kanjani nalesi. Kakade ngaleso sikhathi, izazi zesayensi wayazi ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili emasimini - kazibuthe kanye kagesi. Uma icala abathwali sishukumiseleka, le orekhodiwe wasendle ngokwemvelo kazibuthe, futhi uma ongasanyakazi, le electrostatic. Abantu abaningi babecabanga ukuthi ensimini kufanele sibhalwe ngandlela-thile exhumene, kodwa eqinisekisa lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho futhi ukutadisha kwakhe benza Faraday. Wathuthela ikhoyili aphansi ngaphakathi emikhulu. Iziphetho Kolunye lwazo zazixhunywe idivayisi wokulinganisa, futhi ngakolunye ohlobo umongozima a wamanje njalo. Okuvela kuyizinhlayiyana ukunyakaza ngesimiso somshini elibizwa eyenga (eyenga) zamanje. Uma izinhlayiya kokuba directionally ezihambayo kwenkokhiso, emhlabeni lapho kukhona amandla kazibuthe. Ukuthi kwakuyoba lokungeniswa imigqa amandla emkhakheni ukuwela wesifunda conductive. Kungaba ukuhambisa ngokwakhe iluphu, futhi ensimini - umphumela uyefana. Ukushintshwa zamanje ngqo (isipiliyoni Faraday) ukuze kushintshana ugwema noma yikuphi displacements mechanical, njengoba eyenziwe ensimini ngokwayo siyahlukahluka isikhathi. Ukusetshenziswa kagesi lokungeniswa transformers kungenzeka ukwakha amandla kagesi. Mhlawumbe kagesi akasoze Usufike eziphakemeyo namuhla, ungabi mishini.

Iyini ingozi kubantu? Ezinye imigqa zikagesi adlulisele izinkulungwane volts. Ngenxa yalokhu, emkhakheni ekhona emhlabeni izintambo zandise ngamamitha ambalwa. Le ndoda yabanjwa oqotsheni ensimini variable, amangqamuzana amanzi kuthambekele kanye imizila ukungezwani. ukuvezwa kwesikhathi eside mibandela kubathinta kabi zomzimba eziningi.