UEFI - ukuthi USB oqalisekayo ukushayela Uefi ?. Ukufaka Uefi

Abaningi namuhla sha nomkhiqizi izingxenye hardware for PC, kanye "isofthiwe" ukufuna ukunikela usekelo imikhiqizo UEFI yabo esibonakalayo. Le isixazululo isofthiwe yakhelwe ukuba esikhundleni ijwayelekile abalandeli abaningi imishini computer uhlelo okokufaka-okukhipha - BIOS. Uyini ngokucacile lokhu isofthiwe? Yiziphi umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama nobuntu akuso ukuyisebenzisa?

Kuyini UEFI

Cabanga ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana UEFI. Hlobo luni ukuthuthukiswa? UEFI - lena esibonakalayo okuyisipesheli Kumiswa phakathi OS efakwe kwi computer futhi software obangela imisebenzi eliphansi izingxenye PC hardware.

Ngezinye izikhathi obizwa ngokuthi i-BIOS UEFI. Kulesi sihloko, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona iphutha elithile, ngoba BIOS - isixazululo software usebenza ezimisweni ezahlukene. UEFI yasungulwa ngu Intel, BIOS - isofthiwe okukhona ezinguqulweni eziningana ukuthi zisekelwa amagama emikhiqizo ehlukahlukene edayiswa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, injongo BIOS futhi UEFI - cishe kuyafana. BIOS UEFI - ngokomthetho, ibinzana akukalungi kahle ilungile, kodwa akusho ziyaphikisana logic of the software kanye hardware ukulawula ikhompyutha algorithm.

Ukwahlukana kusuka UEFI BIOS

Kodwa into yokuqala siyinaka - ukuthola umehluko phakathi "okumsulwa» BIOS futhi "zakudala UEFI». Iqiniso esiyicabangelayo isixazululo software ibekwe alternative ezithuthukile kunalezi BIOS. abakhiqizi Abaningi motherboards eziseqophelweni amakhompyutha azama basekelwe uhlobo olufanele software kusuka Intel. Ngakho, umehluko phakathi UEFI futhi BIOS, singakwazi ukulandelela, ukuhlola, okokuqala kunakho konke, ukushiyeka uhlelo lwesibili.

A ethile lokuqala BIOS - ukuthi lesi simiso ngeke likwazi ukunikeza ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo ngaphezulu sediski kwi "hard drive" esikhulu kakhulu - nalezo idlule ku inani 2 terabytes. Ngempela, eminyakeni embalwa edlule eziningi kangaka agcwele nomthamo angaphandle kanzima, kwakubonakala uyinqaba, ngoba abenzi PC kungukuthi ikakhulukazi igxile ukuntuleka BIOS ezifanele. Kodwa namuhla "hard drive" imali engaphezu kuka-2TB ngeke kukumangaze ubani. abenzi PC ngaqala ukuba nomuzwa wokuthi sekuyisikhathi ukushintshela UEFI-ukuthi kudingeka kwenziwe umgomo, esekelwe izimfashini zamuva zobuchwepheshe.

Esinye isici BIOS - e ukuthi isekela inani elilinganiselwe ngodonga eyinhloko kwi-hard disk. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, UEFI-usebenza nge 128. Ngo isakhiwo izixazululo entsha isofthiwe evela Intel waqalisa ithebula elisha ukwahlukanisa - GPT, empeleni ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise imakwe zobuchwepheshe inzuzo UEFI.

Nge zonke umehluko imakwe kwe-software imvelo entsha akhiwa Intel, futhi ezivamile okokufaka-okukhipha simiso BIOS, imisebenzi eyisisekelo sezinqumo efanele, yonke umdlalo. Ngaphandle yesibambiso algorithm ngokuyinhloko entsha ku UEFI, umehluko langempela phakathi izinhlelo akuzona amaningi kakhulu. Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi yesikhulumi entsha isofthiwe kwenza kube lula ukulayisha yesistimu yokusebenza, abanye bathi kuphela efanele-Windows 8. Ake sicabangele, eqinisweni, uhlelo ukuphepha ukusebenza kule UEFI-, ngaphezulu.

Okusha Security Technology

Kuyini ngaphambi kokusha uhlelo UEFI BIOS - alolu sokuphepha. Iqiniso lokuthi kukhona amagciwane ezingase zithathwe ku-chip, okuyinto apelwe BIOS algorithm. Ngemva kwalokho - kuba nokwenzeka ukulayisha uhlelo lokusebenza ngamalungelo umsebenzisi ethuthukisiwe, okuyinto kuvula amathuba ebanzi hacker. Ngebanga lalokho, isisombululo omusha kusuka Intel waqalisa thwebula evikelekile - UEFI kunikeza algorithm efanele ngokuthi Boot Secure.

Kusekelwe ukusetshenziswa okhiye ezikhethekile, okumele igunyazwe yi-brand ezinkulu IT-emakethe. Nokho, njengoba ochwepheshe uqaphele, ngokomthetho lezi zinkampani hhayi eyeqile. Ikakhulukazi, ngokuphathelene ukusekela for the ezifanele inketho nabathengisi of yokusebenza izinhlelo, ngokugcwele isekela kuphela ohlelweni lokusebenza lwe-Microsoft kanye kuphela-Windows 8. Kukhona nobufakazi ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukuhambisana isimiso esisha zokuphepha luyasetshenziswa kwezinye kukaMoya Linux.

Izinzuzo UEFI

Kusobala ukuthi okungenhla nemibi BIOS - kuyinto ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinzuzo ikhambi elisha software. Nokho UEFI unesici eziningi nokunye okubalulekile. Ake sihlole kubo.

Okokuqala, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, enembile futhi esibonakalayo sokusebenza. Njengomthetho, siqaphele ukusekelwa igundane - engesiyo ejwayelekile BIOS. Futhi, izinguqulo eziningi UEFI (BIOS, lokhu kukhetha futhi eyinqaba) ukuhlinzeka interface Russian.

I-algorithm olunikezwa isixazululo entsha isofthiwe ivumela ukulayisha wokusebenza ezimweni eziningi, kakhulu ngokushesha kunokuba uma usebenzisa i-BIOS. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Windows 8 efakwe ikhompyutha UEFI ukwesekwa, lingalayishwa - enikeziwe ezanele CPU ukusebenza nezinye ukhiye izingxenye hardware - ngokoqobo 10 imizuzwana.

Phakathi kweminye izinzuzo enkulu kubhekwe izixazululo software ukukhiqiza eziningi IT-ongoti - ngaphezulu elula, uma ziqhathaniswa izindlela BIOS, izibuyekezo algorithm. Enye ewusizo UEFI - khona e siqu sohlelo thwebula imenenja, okuyinto ungasebenzisa uma i-PC yakho yesistimu yokusebenza angaphezu kwelilodwa.

Ngakho, izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe entsha ukulawula PC software isikhombimsebenzisi, esiklanyelwe the Intel, siyazwisisa. brand enkulu izingxenye hardware for PC inikeza kwedivayisi we 'nensimbi' nge UEFI - Gigabyte, ASUS, SONY. Inguquko kulesi simiso esisha, kubhekwa ngabaningi IT-ochwepheshe, kungaba vula kwaba ukuthambekela okunamandla engaguquki zobuchwepheshe. Namathuba anikezwa yi-global IT-umphakathi, Intel, wadingida UEFI-, kungase kube kuhle ukuthi kukhanga kangakanani kuwo abakhiqizi eziholela software kanye hardware izingxenye PC. Ikakhulukazi ukuthi olufanele ongakhetha UEFI zobuchwepheshe zisekelwa sha ngobukhulu emakethe wokusebenza.

Amaqiniso mayelana Boot Secure

Ake sicabangele izinzuzo Secure Boot ubuchwepheshe asekelwe UEFI. Kuyini lokhu umqondo? Lesi sivumelwano ukuqalisa ikhompyutha evikelekile, okuyinto yakhelwe ukuvikela ohlelweni, njengoba sibonile ngenhla, kusukela amagciwane. Nokho, ngeqhaza labo egcwele okhiye ezisetshenziswa yilo olandelwayo kumele certified. Okwamanje, le umbandela kungalandelwa ezimbalwa kakhulu brand-nabathengisi. Phakathi kwalabo - inkampani Microsoft, ukuze lelisu usekelo ubuchule olufanele Windows 8.

Kungaphawulwa ukuthi leli qiniso kwezinye izimo, ingase ibangele izinkinga ukufakwa kwi-PC ukuthi iyasebenza UEFI-, nezinye wokusebenza. Uma une ukufaka Windows - UEFI-zona kungenzeka zisalokhu zingenazo abanye ukuba qotho ukuthi - kodwa ngaphansi kombandela wokuthi version OS eduze ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze efakwe ngumkhiqizi computer. Ungase futhi wazi ukuthi amanye kukaMoya Linux futhi iyahambisana Secure Boot inketho.

Kodwa ngisho noma esenziwa umsebenzi kulayishwa OS entsha uzobe uhlelo kungavunyelwe UEFI esibonakalayo isakhiwo inikeza ikhono ukuvimbela Secure Boot algorithm. Kuyacaca ukuthi kulesi simo ama-ezisebenza uhlelo ukulayisha ngeke ephephile, Nokho, option ezifanele nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukuze kabusha kusebenze futhi iqale ukusebenza nge-Windows 8.

Yini izinhlelo zokusebenza kuyahambisana ngokugcwele UEFI?

Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, ngamunye IT-ongoti uthole ukufakwa ku-PC nge Secure Boot okunye OS. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi kwakuthiwa yini ukuba afake i-Windows 7 kwamanye laptops shoka UEFI BIOS yaziwa. ASUS - kuhlanganise Abenzi PC. Kodwa kuba kunalokho okuhlukile ngokuqondene nalo mthetho. Ngokuvamile, ematfuba eliphansi ukufakwa yimpumelelo Windows ngisho namanye ama-editions 8. Nokho, njengoba sibonile ngenhla, ezinye kukaMoya Linux futhi iyahambisana ongakhetha UEFI.

Izici izilungiselelo UEFI

Cabanga ngezinye zezinto ezicashile izilungiselelo kubhekwe amakhambi e-software kusuka Intel. Kuvele ezithakazelisayo inketho - BIOS UEFI ukulingisa kusho. Hlobo luni ithuba? Empeleni, kwezinye izinguqulo UEFI lwenteke algorithm lapho ukulawula ikhompyutha okuhlelwe ngokuhambisana izindlela osebenzisa okokufaka-okukhipha uhlelo, kuyinto eyandulela obungokomlando UEFI.

Kuye PC, le nqubo angasayindwa ngokuthi ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngokuvamile, lokhu noma Legacy Launch CSM. Kulokhu, akukho nobunzima nge indlela yokufaka ejwayelekile UEFI ukuqalisa imodi.

Umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ukufinyelela ku UEFI

Kuvela elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo ukuthi ulusizo uqaphele - kukhona inqwaba izinguqulo UEFI. Abakwazi kuyahlukahluka ku PC esikhishwe amagama emikhiqizo ehlukahlukene edayiswa. Ngakho, ukutholakala kwezici ezithile kumakhompyutha ezahlukene ingase futhi ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, isibonelo, ukuthi lapho ikhompyutha kungaveli imenyu elikuvumela ukuba ufake amasethingi UEFI. Kodwa kulokhu ku-Microsoft Windows, njengoba umthetho, lanikeza kungenzeka nehlukile futhi ongakhetha ukulanda. Kufanele kube "Izilungiselelo" bese wenza kusebenze inketho "ongakhetha ebhuthini Special."

Ungabese iqalise - uzobona izinketho eziningana for PC thwebula. Kukhona enye indlela ukunikeza ukufinyelela efanele ongakhetha UEFI. Yena usebenza ku-PC amaningi. Kuyadingeka ekuqaleni computer, cindezela u-Esc download. Ngemva kwalokho, imenyu okukhulunywa kufanele livulwe.

Ngokucacile umsebenzi ezimeni ezahlukene,

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ushintsho mode evamile wokusebenza ku UEFI Legacy, ezifiselekayo, sisebenzisa izinhlelo ezidingekayo ezidinga Boot off Secure, noma ukusebenza ne ukulingisa BIOS, futhi lapho nje kuvela ithuba ukufaka UEFI esibonakalayo nazo zonke izinketho ezifanele. Uma kungenjalo, i-Windows 8, njengoba kwaphawula u-ezinye IT-ongoti bangase ungaqali. Nokho, abaningi PC efana akunankinga. Ezinye brand of abakhiqizi ebafundisa PC ukuphathwa isakhiwo algorithm ezenza UEFI imodi ukuze kusebenze ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kwezinye onobuhle, PC luyasetshenziswa imodi hybrid, lapho ebhuthini UEFI uhlelo kusuka kunoma iyiphi abezindaba, futhi uma kudingekile kungenziwa run BIOS kwezwi. Umehluko UEFI izinguqulo futhi bangase bacabange ukuthi ivimbele Secure Boot imodi e operation evamile amakhambi e-software kusuka Intel engenakwenzeka. Ngenxa yalesi kubalulekile kunoma isiphi isimo sikwazi umsebenzi BIOS ukulingisa.

UEFI ukuqalisa futhi induku

Kwezinye izimo, abasebenzisi kudingeka thwebula uhlelo lokusebenza kusuka idrayivu ye-USB. Ubunzima main wukuthi kokuba ngaphandle FAT32 format, UEFI flash oqalisekayo drive ayibonwa. Kodwa le nkinga zingaxazululeka ngempumelelo. Kanjani?

Ngakho, ngokwakhona oqalisekayo USB flash drive-Windows kwatiswa in ohlelweni ifayela NTFS, okuyinto ayiyingeni UEFI. Ngakho-ke, lo msebenzi eyinhloko - ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lunikeza hardware ingxenye ukuthi ihlelwe ku uhlelo ifayela jikelele - FAT32. ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ukuthi eziningi IT-ochwepheshe kubhekwa ukuthi ayisebenzi. Kodwa isibonelo omunye amakhambi e-software eziphambili kakhulu, lokho ngokuqinisekile, UEFI-, singakwazi umsuka namazinga afanele kuze kube manje.

USB flash drive Boot e UEFI Imodi: Izingxenye

Yini esiyidingayo ukuze obonwa UEFI flash oqalisekayo drive ngaphandle kwezinkinga? Okokuqala, kubalulekile, eqinisweni, ngokwakho-USB drive walo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi umthamo wayo wayengekho ngaphansi kuka-4 GB. Libuye efiselekayo amafayela ezibalulekile kuso akazange beka, ngenxa yokuthi sinefu ukufometha ngokuphelele flash drive. Okulandelayo sidinga isakhi - ukusatshalaliswa-Windows. Lokhu makube inguqulo-64-bit Windows 7. Esinye isici UEFI, zazo kumele wathi - uhlelo lokusebenza-32-bit Microsoft, uhlelo ayisekeli.

ukulungiswa induku

Uma siye imakwe izingxenye, ungakwazi uqale umsebenzi. Okokuqala, ufaka USB flash drive ku-USB-port. Khona - ukuvula ngokushesha umyalo Windows esibonakalayo. Kuyadingeka, kulesi simo, ukuthi umsebenzisi kwadingeka amalungelo nomqondisi. Ngokusebenzisa umugqa wemiyalo udinga ukusebenzisa uhlelo DISKPART - nje ngokuthayipha igama. Ngemva kwalokho, kufanele ufake umyalo uhlu disk, okuyinto izoveza uhlu ngemoto ekhona ohlelweni. Kuyadingeka ukuthola USB stick. Uma kuwukuthi ohlwini ngaphansi inombolo 2, kuyobe sekudingeka ukwenze lokho faka umyalo seleck disk 2.

ufometha induku

Okulandelayo udinga ukufometha abezindaba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thayipha umyalo ahlanzekile. Ngemva kwalokho kudingeka ukwakha ukwahlukanisa eyinhloko kudiski. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokuthayipha ukudala ukwahlukanisa eyinhloko. Ngemva kwalesi sigaba kufanele wadala ukwenza asebenzayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka umyalo asebenzayo. Ungabese sibonise uhlu ngodonga. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka uhlu umugqa wemiyalo ivolumu. Sithola ukwahlukanisa ukuthi sidalwe yithi. Uma efakwe kule nombolo 3, bese ufaka umyalo khetha umthamo 3. Bese udinga ukufometha yona FAT32 system. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka lokuyala FS = FAT32. ngaleyo ndlela Base abezindaba oqalisekayo - okulungiselelwe. Kodwa akugcini lapho. Kufanele unike incwadi idrayivu flash drive. Lokhu kungenziwa nge umyalo sinikwe. Ngemva kwalokho, uhlobo phuma bese ophumayo kusuka kumugqa womyalo.

Record wokusabalalisa ku-USB flash drive

Phela izinyathelo ezingenhla, kumele ukopisha ukusatshalaliswa Windows 7 ku-USB flash drive. Lokhu kungabuye kwenziwe nge umugqa wemiyalo. Kanjani? Ngenxa yale njongo ithimba eliyisipesheli - xcopy. Udinga ukufaka, bese - ukuze ucacise idrayivu ukubhekana ukusatshalaliswa, faka uphawu *, ucacise incwadi okuhambelana etholakalayo ukulanda ku UEFI flash drive, bese ufaka umyalo izimpawu ibhekwa / s / e. Khona-ke kubalulekile ukuba zidlule umugqa wemiyalo kusitikhi. Asikho isidingo ukungena lwemibhalo efi \ Microsoft \ ebhuthini. Kufanele sikopishelwa efi \ ukuqalisa lwemibhalo. Khona-ke udinga ukukopisha ifayela ebizwa bootmgfw.efi kufolda efi \ ukuqalisa, bese kabusha - kufayela bootx64.efi.

Ukusebenza-memory stick usuphothuliwe. UEFI disk nge ohlelweni ifayela FAT32, esiye nje ihlelwe flash drive, ingaze ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ngakho, kungenzeka ukufaka kwi PC Windows 7. Yiqiniso, inqobo nje uma ongakhetha UEFI off algorithm Boot Secure, okuyinto ivimbela efakwe kusistimu ikhompyutha yokusebenza yakho, okuyinto iyahluka kwenye i-Windows 8.