Ubukhulu we ubakaki metal - Standard

Metal ekhoneni - umkhiqizo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu umkhakha, e izakhiwo kanye nezinhlaka, kanye nakwezinye izici emnothweni. Umklamo esikhethekile lolu hlobo ugingqe has a ukuqina okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi ingasetshenziswa lenhlangano ezineka ezingodweni nge wekhasi elikhulu nokuphepha. Kuyinto ekhoneni steel umkhiqizo eside, e cross-section efaniswe incwadi "G". Kukhona kuphela ezimbili zezinhlobo zako ezisemqoka: alinganayo futhi engalingani. Esimweni sokuqala, ububanzi 'eshalofini' imikhiqizo kuyafana lesibili - lihlukile. Ubukhulu we ubakaki metal, isisindo kanye nohlobo ezazisetshenziselwa ukwenza yokukhiqiza ulawula GOST.

ngezigaba

engeli Equal futhi engalingani kungaba:

• goryachekatnymi (ekhiqizwa ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso ebekwe GOST 8510-86 futhi GOST 8509-93);

• lwalugobile (GOST 19771-93 futhi GOST 19772-93).

Uhlobo lokuqala has amandla aphezulu. Le ndawo avame ukusetshenziswa ekwakheni izakhiwo steel wadalula imithwalo eliphezulu. emakhoneni Lwalugobile kukhona ethandwa kakhulu. Zisetshenziswa yonke indawo. Basuke eyenziwe eguqa emapheshana steel phezu bale imishini ekhethekile.

Futhi, le mikhiqizo metal zihlukaniswa:

• ejwayelekile;

• ukunemba okuphezulu.

Uhlobo lokuqala ephawulwe ngohlamvu "B", owesibili - "A".

Ubude engela metal

Ngokusho kwemigomo umkhiqizo zihlukaniswa alinganiswe futhi unmeasured. Kukhona ekhoneni ubude amaningi futhi kulinganiselwe. imikhiqizo D ungase ube nobude 6, 7, 9, 10, 11 noma 12 m. izindleko kangakanani kuncike ekutheni isisindo (m. E. msebenzisi akanayo ukukhokhela iyunithi umkhiqizo, futhi ukuthenga Imininingwane ngesisindo noma ezimweni ezibucayi, ngokuba yardage). endaweni Unmeasured kungaba anoma yibuphi ubude. Kulokhu, lesi sibalo kuhluka 4 kuya ku-12 m. Ezimweni eziningi, lolu hlobo zokwakha akuzona isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngoba ngokuvamile nje ilungiswe izihloko ntathu.

Ngezinye izikhathi, enkulu ekwakhekeni izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindwangu ezingaba ozimele, umthwalo esindayo izakhiwo, nokunye. D. Idinga ukuthi ubukhulu kubakaki metal zazingezinhle. Kulokhu, umthengi has kungenzeka oda umkhiqizo isikhathi eside kunaleso 12 m.

iphutha obuphelele

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ulawula futhi GOST tolerances ekhoneni kule ipharamitha. Lesi sakamuva kumele ingabi ngaphezu kuka:

• 30 mm ngokubukeka ubude 4 m ekhoneni;

• 40 mm imikhiqizo 6 m;

• 70 mm ubude engela 6 kuya ku-12 m.

Lapho isicelo, kungenzeka nemingcele washintsha bebheke unewashi (40 mm imikhiqizo 4-7 m plus 5 mm imitha ngalinye nobude obungamamitha angaphezu 7 m). GOSTS alawule hhayi kuphela nenkundla ekhoneni metal alinganayo futhi engalingani, isisindo sabo kanye tolerances, kodwa futhi degree of ugobile. Phela, imikhiqizo eliphezulu kufanele ziqonde. Inani esiphezulu we GOST ugobile ekhoneni kumele singeqi 0.4% of ubude. Ngesicelo ibhizinisi yekhasimende, wahlanganyela ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo metal ekhiqizwa nge ugobile ezingekho ngaphezu 0.2% of ubude. Ukusonta ekhoneni ohlangothini emhlabeni eksisi ayivunyelwe.

Ububanzi emashalofini kanye nesisindo

Yini, eqinisweni, ayinakuzithoba anosayizi engela metal? GOST ngokuyinhloko elawula ratio emashalofini ububanzi wale mikhiqizo, ukushuba yabo kanye nesisindo. Uphiko sokuqala zokhahlamba kusuka 20 kuya 200 mm. I ukushuba we umkhiqizo ongafinyelela 16 mm. Yini ngokuqondile kumele kube isilinganiso kobubanzi emashalofini kanye isisindo imitha elilodwa komkhiqizo, bheka ithebula ngezansi.

Ngenhla ethulwa isilinganiso amanani imikhiqizo equal-. Njengoba ubona, ngesikhathi ububanzi efanayo ugqinsi emashalofini kungase nhlobonhlobo. Ngakho, izinguquko kanye nesisindo. Corner metal Ubukhulu engalingani, noma kunalokho, ububanzi balo "emashalofini", kungase futhi buhluka 20-200 mm. Inani salokhu ipharamitha kanye isisindo kwezimpahla kuleli cala kulawulwa GOST futhi kukhonjisiwe amatafula ekhethekile.

steel grade

Ukuvikeleka engela metal incike indlela ukukhiqiza, ukujiya kanye ububanzi emashalofini hhayi kuphela. It has an nomthelela kule ipharamitha bese onjani impahla yasetshenziselwa womshini umkhiqizo. Yenza indawo lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo steel:

• Carbon izinga evamile;

• ingxubevange ongaphakeme amandla aphezulu.

Esimweni sokuqala amamaki metal, ukusebenza izici ihanjiswa GOST 380-88. Quality ingxubevange lezinsimbi esetshenziswa womshini kubakaki, ichaza GOST 19281-89.

Ethandwa kakhulu osayizi engela metal

Imikhiqizo ethandwa kakhulu lolu hlobo kukhona imikhiqizo izimisele kusukela ayoni metal ebangeni "B". Lokhu kukhetha ezishibhile Ekhoneni engagqwali "A" ekilasini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi emakhoneni Ukucinga nge a okwanele ukuphepha wekhasi komunye kungase ukuqoqa ukwakhiwa eqinile futhi ethembekile.

Yiziphi osayizi ethandwa kakhulu ekhoneni metal? 40 x 40 mm, 50 x 50, 70 x 70 no-100 x 100 mm - ububanzi emashalofini enjalo ithandwa kakhulu. imikhiqizo Okokuqala samuntu, isibonelo, ingasetshenziswa womshini awnings, pergolas, amabhentshi, amatafula, futhi ngakho emgwaqweni. D. Ngoba izakhiwo ezibucayi kakhulu endaweni enjalo ine nesilinganiso eyanele yokukhosela.

Izihloko 50 x 50 mm ingasetshenziswa inhlangano ezicijile, namasango, izikrini, ezincane senhliziyo ingane futhi t. D. Sebenzisa le ndaba isiqoqi sama-softwe futhi ukuhlangana w / ezinqoleni. Ubukhulu we ubakaki metal 50h50h5 mm noma 50h50h6 mm zikuvumela ukuqoqa zonke izinhlobo amathambo uhlangabezana umthwalo encane. Kwezinye izimo, kungase kusetshenziswe inketho ngaphansi eliqinile le -50 x 50 x 3 noma 50 x 50 x 4 mm. Le ndawo ukala eziningi bese-ke kubiza kancane.

Lashukumisa steel ubakaki

Umbhali wayevame ukunezela lokhu metal we uhlobo esetshenziselwa inhlangano metal ezakhiwe, ngesikhathi msebenzi zathiya by umswakama. Njengoba steel ezivamile kungaphansi ukugqwala, kulesi simo wayevame ukusebenzisa uhlobo olukhethekile engela metal - lashukumisa. Ingabe le ndlela ngempela eqolo, kodwa ngisho kwezimo ezinzima kakhulu ingahlala emashumini. Usayizi ye-engeli ezihlukahlukene metal (ububanzi kanye ukushuba emashalofini) ziyefana ukuthi ezivamile.

imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa kwalesi silwane ikakhulukazi carbon steel. Galvanizing ngaleyo ndlela-ke zingaba ngezindlela eziningana. Ngo elula ukucwiliswa ekhoneni e ukuncibilika kwezinguzunga etholwe mkhiqizo nge ungqimba ukushuba kwesivikelo 150 microns. Ngezinye izikhathi galvanizing wenziwa a ligijima futhi uphawu esitsheni ngamazinga ashisa kakhulu. Kulokhu, i-zinc lingena singene ungqimba phezulu steel, nakuba ukushuba of ungqimba layo nalo elilingana 150 microns, kugcinwa ngcono kakhulu. Futhi ehlanganiswa yile steel metal kungase sishaye. Ngakho kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ungqimba mkhulu kakhulu zinc - kuze kufinyelele amamilimitha angu eziningana.